564934
Descrição
Quiz por adreelucas, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por adreelucas
aproximadamente 10 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Which of the following provides evidence for evolution?
Responda
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direct observation of genetic changes in populations
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sharing of characteristics between organisms
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the fossil record
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all of the above
Questão 2
Questão
In natural selection,
Responda
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the genetic composition of the population changes randomly over time
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new mutations are generated over time
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all individuals in a population are equally likely to contribute offspring to the next generation
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individuals that possess particular inherited characteristics consistently survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals
Questão 3
Questão
Adaptive traits
Responda
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are features of an organism that hinder its performance in its environment
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are rare in most natural populations
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are favored by natural selection
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result from genetic drift
Questão 4
Questão
The fossil record shows that the first mammals evolved 220 million years ago. The supercontinent Pangea began to break apart 200 million years ago. Therefore, fossils of the first mammals should be found
Responda
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on most if not all of the current continents
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only in Antartica
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on only one or a few continents
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only in Africa
Questão 5
Questão
The fact that the flipper of a whale and the arm of a human both have five digits and the same set of bones can be used to illustrate that
Responda
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genetic drift can cause the evolution of populations
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organisms can share characteristics simply because the share a common ancestor
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whales evolved from humans
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humans evolved from whales
Questão 6
Questão
The Galapagos Islands provide examples of
Responda
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microevolution only
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macroevolution only
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both micro- and macroevolutionary change
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none of the above
Questão 7
Questão
Differences in survival and reproduction caused by chance events can cause the genetic makeup of a population to change randomly over time. This process is called
Responda
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mutation
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natural selection
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macroevolution
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genetic drift
Questão 8
Questão
The splitting of one species into two or more species is called
Responda
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speciation
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macroevolution
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common descent
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adaptation
Questão 9
Questão
Features of organisms that are related to one another through common descent are
Responda
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convergent
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homologous
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divergent
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analogous
Questão 10
Questão
Artificial selection is the process by which
Responda
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Natural selection fails to act in wild populations
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humans prevent natural selection
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humans allow only organisms with specific characteristics to breed
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humans cause genetic drift in domesticated populations
Questão 11
Questão
A population of 1,500 individuals has 375 individuals of genotype AA, 750 individuals of genotype Aa, and 375 individuals of genotype aa. The genotype frequencies for genotypes AA, Aa, and aa are
Responda
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0.33, 0.33, 0.33
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0.25, 0.50, 0.25
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0.375, 0.75, 0.375
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0.125, 0.25, 0.125
Questão 12
Questão
A population of toads has 280 individuals of genotype AA, 80 individuals of genotype Aa, and 60 individuals of genotype aa. What is the frequency of the a allele?
Responda
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0.24
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0.33
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0.14
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0.07
Questão 13
Questão
A study of a population of the goldenrod Solidago altissima finds that large individuals consistently survive at a higher rate than small individuals. Assuming size is and inherited trait, the lost likely evolutionary mechanism at work here is
Responda
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disruptive selection
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directional selection
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stabilizing selection
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natural selection, but it is not possible to tell whether it is disruptive, directional, or stabilizing
Questão 14
Questão
Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1) to solve the following problem: If the frequency of the A allele is 0.7 and the frequency of the a allele is 0.3, what is the expected frequency of the genotype Aa in a population that is not evolving?
Responda
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Over time, a population of birds ranges in size from 10 to 20 individuals. If allele frequencies were observed to change in a random way from year to year, which of the following would be the most likely cause of the observed changes in gene frequency?
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stabilizing selection
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disruptive selection
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genetic drift
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mutation
Questão 15
Questão
Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1) to solve the following problem: If the frequency of the A allele is 0.7 and the frequency of the a allele is 0.3, what is the expected frequency of the genotype Aa in a population that is not evolving?
Responda
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Over time, a population of birds ranges in size from 10 to 20 individuals. If allele frequencies were observed to change in a random way from year to year, which of the following would be the most likely cause of the observed changes in gene frequency?
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stabilizing selection
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disruptive selection
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genetic drift
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mutation
Questão 16
Questão
Two large populations of a species found in neighboring locations with different environments are observed to become genetically more similar over time. Which evolutionary mechanism is the most likely cause of this trend?
Responda
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gene flow
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mutation
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natural selection
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genetic drift
Questão 17
Questão
Two large populations of a species found in neighboring locations with different environments are observed to become genetically more similar over time. Which evolutionary mechanism is the most likely cause of this trend?
Responda
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gene flow
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mutation
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natural selection
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genetic drift
Questão 18
Questão
Assume that individuals of genotype Aa are intermediate in size and they leave more offspring than either AA or aa individuals do. This situation is an example of.
Responda
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directional selection
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disruptive selection
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stabilizing selection
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sexual selection
Questão 19
Questão
The process by which differences in inherited characteristics of individuals cause them to differ in their ability to get mates is most accurately called
Responda
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natural selection
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reproductive success
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mate choice
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sexual selection
Questão 20
Questão
The splitting of one species to form two or more species most commonly occurs
Responda
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by sympatric speciation
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by genetic drift
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by allopatric speciation
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suddenly
Questão 21
Questão
The time required for populations to diverge to form new species
Responda
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varies from a single generation to millions of years
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is always greater in plants than in animals
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is never less than 100,000 years
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is never more than 1,000 years
Questão 22
Questão
Adaptations
Responda
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match organisms closely to their environment
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are often complex
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help the organism accomplish important functions
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all of the above
Questão 23
Questão
Prezygotic and postzygotic barriers to reproduction have the effect of
Responda
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reducing genetic differences between populations
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increasing the chance of hybridization
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preventing speciation
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reducing or preventing gene flow between species
Questão 24
Questão
Evidence urges that sympatric speciation may have occurred or may be in progress in all of the following except
Responda
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the apple maggot fly
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squirrel on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon
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cichlid fishes
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polyploid plants (or their ancestors)
Questão 25
Questão
The diploid number of chromosomes in plant species A is 8; the diploid number in plants species B is 16. If plant species C originated when a hybrid between A and B spontaneously doubled its chromosome number, what is the most likely number of diploid chromosomes in C?
Responda
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8
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12
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24
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48
Questão 26
Questão
The diploid number of chromosomes in plant species A is 8; the diploid number in plants species B is 16. If plant species C originated when a hybrid between A and B spontaneously doubled its chromosome number, what is the most likely number of diploid chromosomes in C?
Responda
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8
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12
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24
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48
Questão 27
Questão
The biological species concept
Responda
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can be applied to organisms that reproduce asexually
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can be applied to fossil life forms
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would classify two natural populations, A and B, as separate species if A and B are separated by a geographical barrier
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would classify two natural populations, A and B, as separate species if A and B are unable to exchange genes even if they co-occur
Questão 28
Questão
The biological species concept
Responda
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can be applied to organisms that reproduce asexually
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can be applied to fossil life forms
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would classify two natural populations, A and B, as separate species if A and B are separated by a geographical barrier
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would classify two natural populations, A and B, as separate species if A and B are unable to exchange genes even if they co-occur
Questão 29
Questão
Lake Victoria cichlids
Responda
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exhibit low rates of speciation compared to most other fishes
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exhibit high rates of speciation because of polyploidy
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have evolved into many species in part because females choose mates by specific color patterns that males display
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have diverged into many species because females have different feeding behaviors than males
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