670644
Questão 1
Questão
The cardiovascular system is made up of
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heart and blood vessels
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heart and lungs
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heart and arteries
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heart and veins
Questão 2
Questão
Which is the correct graduation of vessels?
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Veins --> venules --> capillaries --> arterioles --> arteries
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Venules --> veins --> arterioles --> arteries --> capillaries
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Capilaries --> arterioles --> veins --> arteries --> venules
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Arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins
Questão 3
Questão
Arteries carry blood _____________, while veins carry blood __________________ .
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away from the heart; to the heart
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to the heart; away from the heart
Questão 4
Questão
Capillaries are the site of
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blood flow
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nutrient, gas, waste, and electrolyte exchange
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deoxidization
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cellular respiration
Questão 5
Questão
The two circuits of the cardiovascular system are
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auxiliary and immediate
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chambered and closed
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systemic and pulmonary
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large and reoccurring
Questão 6
Questão
The pulmonary circuit is on the _________ side
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right
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left
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lateral
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medial
Questão 7
Questão
The systemic circuit is on the ________ side
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left
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right
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lateral
-
medial
Questão 8
Questão
The pulmonary circuit pumps blood to
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heart and lungs
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heart and rest of the body
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lungs only
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liver and spleen
Questão 9
Questão
The systemic circuit pumps blood to
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heart and rest of the body
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heart and lungs
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brain and carotid artery
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extremeties
Questão 10
Questão
The base of the heart can be defined as
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the bottom of the heart
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area where large blood vessels originate
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the top of the heart
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the lateral side of the heart
Questão 11
Questão
The base of the heart lies at
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just below the second rib
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between the 5th and 6th ribs
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touching the spleen
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on the stomach
Questão 12
Questão
The apex of the heart can be defined as __________________, and lies ____________.
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the bottom of the heart; between the 5th and 6th ribs
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the area where large blood vessels originate, just below the 2nd rib
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the left side of the heart, touching the spleen
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the posterior portion of the heart, touching vertebrae.
Questão 13
Questão
Deoxygenated blood is being pumped _______
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to the lungs
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to the heart from the lungs
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to the brain
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to extremeties
Questão 14
Questão
Oxygenated blood is pumped _______
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coming back to heart from lungs
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to the lungs
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to the brain
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to extremeties
Questão 15
Questão
The heart is bordered laterally by ________, posteriorly by ____________ ___________, and anteriorly by ___________
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sternum, lungs, vertebral column
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lungs, vertebral column, sternum
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vertebral column, sternum, lungs
Questão 16
Questão
The pericardium is the
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main valve in the heart
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calcium buildup in heart
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membrane that covers the heart
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mechanism that causes the heart to beat
Questão 17
Questão
The wall of the heart has ____ layers; they are (from outer to inner):
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2; endocardium and myocardium
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4; pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and epicardium
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3; epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
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3; endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium
Questão 18
Questão
Epicardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall. It's primary function is to __________
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inner most; increases blood flow
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middle; filter blood cells
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outer; reduce friction via serous membranes
Questão 19
Questão
The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
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outer layer; serous membranes
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inner layer; epithelial cells
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middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue
Questão 20
Questão
The myocardium is the ______ layer of the heart wall. It is composed of
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outer layer; serous membranes
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inner layer; epithelial cells
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middle layer; cardiac muscle tissue
Questão 21
Questão
The endocardium is the ________ most layer of the heart wall; it is composed of
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inner; epithelial cells, blood vessels, parajunkie fibers
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middle; muscle tissue
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outer; serous membranes
Questão 22
Questão
Epithelial cells
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are responsible for electrical impulses spread throughout the heart
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line the chambers of the heart
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protect heart from pathogens
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reduce friction in heart
Questão 23
Questão
Purjunkie fibers are
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how electrical impulse are spread through the heart
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line the chambers of the heart
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reduce friction
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hold the heart together
Questão 24
Questão
The heart is comprised of how many chambers?
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2
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3
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4
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6
Questão 25
Questão
The upper chambers of the heart are known as the
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Atria (right and left)
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Auricles (right and left)
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Ventricles
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Aorta
Questão 26
Questão
The lower chambers of the heart are known as
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Atria (right and left)
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Ventricles (right and left)
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Auricles
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Aorta
Questão 27
Questão
Atria are responsible for
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forcing blood into corresponding ventricles when they contract
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pump blood throughout body
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decrease blood flow
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slow heart rate
Questão 28
Questão
Ventricles are responsible for
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forcing blood throughout into corresponding atria when they contract
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pumping blood throughout the entire body
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separating blood cells
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clotting
Questão 29
Questão
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
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atria; blood volume atria can hold
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ventricles; heart size
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atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body
Questão 30
Questão
Auricles are attached to _________ and increase
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atria; blood volume atria can hold
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ventricles; heart size
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atrioventricular orifice; blood flow throughout body
Questão 31
Questão
Left and right atria are separated by
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Auricles
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Ventricles
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Interatrial Septum
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Atrioventricular Orifice
Questão 32
Questão
Ventricles are separated by
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interatrial septum
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interventricular septrum
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atrioventricular orifice
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AV Valves
Questão 33
Questão
Atria is separated from the ventricles by
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atrioventricular orifice
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AV valves
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Auricles
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interatrial septum
Questão 34
Questão
The muscular walls of the left ventricle are thicker because:
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it holds more blood
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pumps blood farther than right ventricle
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more epithelial cells line the left side
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the left side is smaller
Questão 35
Questão
Valves of the heart are important for
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sorting red blood cells
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clotting mechanisms
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preventing "back-wash" from the muscular pumping action
Questão 36
Questão
The tricuspid valve is the AV valve found on the _______ side of the heart
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left
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right
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lateral
-
medial
Questão 37
Questão
The tricuspid valve has _____________ ___________ attached to one end of the cusps, while the other end attach to papillary muscles
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blood vessels
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arteries
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chordae tendinae
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mucous membranes
Questão 38
Questão
The tricuspid valve:
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contracts when the right ventricle contracts
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prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
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closure of the right AV valve is passive
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all of the above
Questão 39
Questão
The tricuspid valve:
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contracts when the right ventricle contracts
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prevents the tricuspid from swinging into the right atria
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closure of the right AV valve is passive
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all of the above
Questão 40
Questão
The pulmonary valve does not contain
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epithelial cells
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chordae tindineae
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blood vessels
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T cells
Questão 41
Questão
The pulmonary valve
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opens as the right ventricle contracts
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separates right ventricle from pulmonary trunk
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closes due to blood backing up on it after the right ventricle stops contracting
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all the above
Questão 42
Questão
The atrioventricular valve for the left side of the heart is known as the
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mitral (bicuspid valve)
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pulmonary valve
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tricuspid valve
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chordae tendineae
Questão 43
Questão
The mitral valve is responsible for
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separating the left atrium from left ventricle, closes passively, and has papillary muscles and chordae tendinae
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stops blood flow
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increasing heart rate
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all the above
Questão 44
Questão
The contraction of the left ventricle does what?
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stops blood flow
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pumps blood into aorta through aortic valve
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squeezes blood into capillaries
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encourages filtration of blood cells
Questão 45
Questão
The main result of coronary circulation is to
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get blood to the brain
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supply heart tissue with blood
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pump blood to extremities
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provide nutrients to body
Questão 46
Questão
The atria ___________ while the ventricles ____________, and vice versa.
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contract; relax
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stop; start
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enlarge; decrease
Questão 47
Questão
The pattern of contraction and relaxation in the heart is known as
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coronary circulation
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the heart cycle
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cardiac rhythm
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beating pattern
Questão 48
Questão
When the atria contract, it is known as _________ __________. When atria relax it is known as ______ ________
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atria diastole; atria systole
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atria systole; atria diastole
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atrial enlargement; atrial decreasing
Questão 49
Questão
ventricular contraction is known as ________ ________ ; ventricular relaxation is known as _______ _______
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ventricular systole ; ventricular diastole
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ventricular diastole; ventricular systole
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ventricular enlargement ; decreasing ventricle
Questão 50
Questão
During atrial/ventricular systole/diastol cycle, there is a brief _________ period for both ventricles and atria.
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contraction
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relaxation (diastole)
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spasm
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acceleration
Questão 51
Questão
High blood pressure causes the heart to
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beat slower
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work harder
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beat faster
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stop
Questão 52
Questão
During the cardiac cycle, pressure __________ and __________ within the chambers of the heart
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begins and ends
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rises and falls
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stops and starts
Questão 53
Questão
Changes in pressure in the heart result in
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decreased blood flow
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acceleration of heartbeat
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opening and closing of the valves
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cardiac arrest
Questão 54
Questão
During diastole, pressure is _______ which allows blood from areas of _____ pressure to come in
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high; lower
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low; higher
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pressure does not affect this.
Questão 55
Questão
During systole, pressure is _______ and blood will push valves open and move to _______ areas
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higher; lower
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lower; higher
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this does not affect pressure.
Questão 56
Questão
When the ventricles contract, pressure is greater in the _______ than the ________
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arteries; ventricles
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ventricles; arteries
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aorta; auricle
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left chamber; right chamber
Questão 57
Questão
The sound the heart makes is:
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thump
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pitter patter
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lubb-dupp
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click
Questão 58
Questão
The "lubb" sound occurs during __________, which results in the closing of the AV valves
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ventricular diastole
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
Questão 59
Questão
The "dubb" sound of a heartbeat occurs during ___________, which is the result of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves closing
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ventricular diastole
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
Questão 60
Questão
Heart sounds can indicate problems such as
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cardiac arrest
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clogged arteries
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heart murmurs
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decreased blood flow
Questão 61
Questão
The key parts of the cardiac conduction system are:
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Sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, and Purkinje fibers
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ventricles and atria
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atria and auricles
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blood vessels and heart
Questão 62
Questão
The SA node is known as the
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blood flow regulator
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filtration center
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oxygen receptor
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pacemaker
Questão 63
Questão
The SA reaches __________ _________ on its own
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purkinje fibers
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AV valve
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threshold stimulus
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aortic valve
Questão 64
Questão
The SA node is responsible for
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white blood cell production
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cardiac tissue development
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pumping blood
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rhythmic activity
Questão 65
Questão
SA node causes the _________ to contract almost simultaneously
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ventricles
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atria
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auricles
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AV valve
Questão 66
Questão
The AV node __________ impulse further allowing ________ to completely contract.
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quickens; atria
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quickens; ventricle
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slows; atria
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slows; ventricle
Questão 67
Questão
The AV bundles _________
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branch into left and right AV bundles
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stop contraction of atria
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cause blow flow to increase
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produce rhythm of heartbeat
Questão 68
Questão
Purkinje fibers
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carry impulse very quickly to distant regions of ventricles, so that the ventricles contract as a functional unit
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stop electrical impulse
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cause increased heartbeat
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contract atrial walls
Questão 69
Questão
The correct order for chain of impulse during cardiac conduction system is:
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ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers, av bundle, av node, sa node
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purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum, av valve, sa node, av bundle
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av bundle, sa node, av valve, ventricular syncticum, purkinje fibers
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sa node, av node, av bundle, purkinje fibers, ventricular syncticum
Questão 70
Questão
The junctional fibers are _________, therefore _________ electrical impulse.
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wide; increasing
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wide; slowing
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narrow; increasing
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narrow; slowing
Questão 71
Questão
_________ record changes in electrical potential during the cardiac cycle.
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PKG
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ECG
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PET scan
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MRI scan
Questão 72
Questão
Electrocardiograms produce several waves; these are:
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A, B, C, D
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P, Q, R, S, T
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1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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Z, Y, X, W, V
Questão 73
Questão
The ______ waves of an electrocardiogram combine to make up the ______ ________
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QRS; QRS complex
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123; 123 complex
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ZYX; ZYX complex
Questão 74
Questão
Large electrical changes in an electrocardiogram show up as a ________
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inflection
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deflection
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spasm
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murmur
Questão 75
Questão
P wave is a result of
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atrial polarization
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atrial depolarization
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atrial repolarization
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ventricular systole
Questão 76
Questão
The P wave in an ECG leads to
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ventricular systole
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atrial diastole
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atrial systole
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ventricular dyastole
Questão 77
Questão
The QRS complex is a result of
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ventricular polarization
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ventricular depolarization
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atrial depolarization
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atrial systole
Questão 78
Questão
The QRS wave occurs just before
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ventricular contraction
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ventricular dilation
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atrial contraction
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atrial dilation
Questão 79
Questão
Due to the QRS complex, repolarization of the atria is
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quickened
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obscured
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impossible
Questão 80
Questão
Repolarization ECG wave begins at
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apex of QRS complex
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low point of QRS complex
Questão 81
Questão
The _____ wave is a result of ventricular repolarization
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Q
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R
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S
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T
Questão 82
Questão
The T wave takes longer to produce, seeing as
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ventricle walls are shorter
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ventricle walls are longer
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ventricle walls are larger
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ventricle walls are stronger
Questão 83
Questão
Factors that affect the cardiac control system are
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parasympathetic fibers, sympathetic fibers, and barioreceptors
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blood pressure
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blood flow
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blood volume
Questão 84
Questão
vagus nerves are _________ and originate in ______ and terminate in _____
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parasympathetic; SA node; medulla oblongata
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parasympathetic; medulla oblongata; SA node
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sympathetic; heart; brain
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sympathetic; liver; extremities
Questão 85
Questão
Vagus nerves can both increase and decrease _____________ ________ through _____________.
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blood flow; lysosomes
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clotting factors; calcium
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heart rate; acetylcholine
Questão 86
Questão
Accelerator nerves are ________, and increase heart rate though _________
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parasympathetic; acetylcholine
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parasympathetic; norepinephrine
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sympathetic; acetylcholine
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sympathetic; norepinephrine
Questão 87
Questão
Barioreceptors are also known as
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calcium receptors
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plasma receptors
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stretch receptors
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rhythm receptors
Questão 88
Questão
Barioreceptors are part of
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cardioinhibitor and cardioaccelerator reflex centers
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muscle fibers
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cardiac tissue
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cardiovascular system
Questão 89
Questão
Baroreceptors arise from
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atria
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ventricles
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medulla oblongata
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SA node
Questão 90
Questão
Baroreceptors are responsible for
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maintaing balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
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regulation of blood flow
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increased heart rate
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all the above
Questão 91
Questão
The aorta and carotid arteries utilize baroreceptors to
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increase pressure
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decrease pressure
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accelerate heart rate
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decrease heart rate
Questão 92
Questão
Stretch receptors are located in the
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venae cavae
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aorta
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atrium
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ventricles
Questão 93
Questão
Increase in pressure causes increased heart rate and force of contraction because
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the heart is beating very weakly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.
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the heart is beating strongly due to blood backup in the venae cavae.
Questão 94
Questão
Impulses from the cerebrum or hypothalamus:
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decrease, causing fainting
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increase, causing anxiety
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both
Questão 95
Questão
An increase in temperature causes an increase in _________ ______ and vice versa.
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heart rate
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blood flow
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oxygen levels
Questão 96
Questão
Baroreceptors also influence ______ changes; such as ______ and ________
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blood cell; red and white
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ion; sodium and potassium
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oxygen; deoxygenation and oxygenation
Questão 97
Questão
________ ________ form a closed circuit of tubes carrying blood AWAY from the heart and then back.
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cardiac system
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blood vessels
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large capillaries
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pulmonary system
Questão 98
Questão
Blood vessels include:
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aorta, pulmonary veins
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arteries, arterioles, metartioles, capillaries, veinules, veins
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veins and veinules
Questão 99
Questão
Arteries and arterioles (and metarterioles) conduct blood __________ from _______ and lead to ______
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away; capillaries; ventricles
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away; ventricles; capillaries
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away; aorta; tricuspid valve
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away; venules; veins
Questão 100
Questão
The sites of substance exchange between the blood and body cells are
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Venules
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Veins
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Arteries
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Capillaries
Questão 101
Questão
Venules and veins return blood from ________ to _______
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atria; capillaries
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capillaries; atria
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blood vessels; capillaries
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capillaries; blood vessels
Questão 102
Questão
The portion of the arteriole that leads to capillary beds is known as
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metarterioles
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capillaries
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veins
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venule
Questão 103
Questão
Capillaries are the _____ diameter blood vessel
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smallest
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largest
Questão 104
Questão
Cappillaries are responsible for connecting ________ to _________
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veins ; venules
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arterioles ; veins
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arterioles; venules
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veins; arterioles
Questão 105
Questão
Structurally speaking, capillaries are extensions of the ________ of arterioles
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veins
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endothelium
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arteries
Questão 106
Questão
________ in capillary walls permits for capillary permeability
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holes
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slits
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valves
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depressions
Questão 107
Questão
The "slits" in the capillaries are where cells
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build up
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overlap
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are not present
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die
Questão 108
Questão
Capillary permeability is conducive to ________. Muscle tissues have ____ capillary openings, while liver and red bone marrow have _________ capillary openings
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size of organ; large; small
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size of organ; small; large
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function; large; small
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function; small; large
Questão 109
Questão
Why are slits in muscle tissue capillaries smaller?
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muscle tissue needs oxygen
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muscle tissue needs less nutrients
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muscle tissue does not need as much aid from capillaries as other organs do
Questão 110
Questão
Arteries are
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weak; break easily
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weak; yet elastic
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strong; yet break easily
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strong; elastic
Questão 111
Questão
Arteries contain ____ layers:
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1
-
2
-
3
-
4
Questão 112
Questão
The three layers of the artery from outermost to innermost are:
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Tunica media, tunica interna, tunica externa
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Tunica intera, tunica externa, tunica media
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Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intera
Questão 113
Questão
The tunica interna contains
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platelets
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calcium deposits
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phagocytes
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endothelium
Questão 114
Questão
The tunica media contains ________ and which ____________/_________ blood vessels
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elastic connective tissue; dilates; constricts
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smooth muscle; constricts; dilates
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plasmids; dilates; constricts
Questão 115
Questão
Collagenous fibers are found in the ______ _____ layer of the artery, these allow for added _______
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tunica interna; strength
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tunica externa; elasticity
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tunica media; elasticity
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tunica media; strength
Questão 116
Questão
The tunica externa contains _____ __ and houses ____ ______
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smooth muscle; vasa vasorum
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connective tissue; blood cells
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connective tissue; vasa vasorum
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elastic connective tissue; vasa vasorum
Questão 117
Questão
The _________ __________, located in the tunica externa region of the artery, are small blood vessels that nourish smooth muscle layers of fibers.
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vasa vasorum
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connective tissue
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endothelial tissue
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collagenous fibers
Questão 118
Questão
The function of _________ in artery walls is so that blood can have a smooth surface to flow through, cutting down damage to blood cells.
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elastic connective tissue
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endothelium
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connective tissue
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vasa vasorum
Questão 119
Questão
Endothelium in arteries secrete chemicals to inhibit
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blood flow
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clotting
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platelet coagulation
Questão 120
Questão
Endothelium in arteries uses _______ ______ to cause dilation/constriction of blood vessels
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blood flow
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nitrous oxide
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sulfur phosphate
Questão 121
Questão
Smooth muscles of arteries and arterioles are innervated by sympathetic motor fibers, known as:
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parasympathetic fibers
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sympathetic fibers
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vasomotor fibers
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elastic fibers
Questão 122
Questão
Vasomotor fibers stimulate contraction of smooth muscle fibers in arterial walls. This is known as
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smooth muscle constriction
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smooth muscle contraction
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vasoconstriction
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vasocontraction
Questão 123
Questão
When impulse of vasomotor fibers is interrupted, it causes relaxation of muscles, known as
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vasoconstriction
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vasocontraction
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vasodilatation
Questão 124
Questão
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation have opposing effects on
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blood flow
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blood pressure
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heart rate
Questão 125
Questão
Exchange in the capillaries occurs via
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diffusion
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osmosis
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filtration
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all the above
Questão 126
Questão
Capillaries use __________ as the primary mode of exchange
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diffusion
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osmosis
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filtration
Questão 127
Questão
In capillaries, if a molecule is lipid soluble it diffuses through ______ ________. If the molecule is water soluble, it goes through __________ _________.
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capillary slits; cell membrane.
-
cell membrane; capillary slits.
-
both diffuse through cell membrane
-
both diffuse through capillary slits
Questão 128
Questão
Plasma proteins tend to not leave the capillaries, resulting in:
Responda
-
hydrostatic pressure
-
increased blood flow
-
colloid osmotic pressure
-
decreased blood flow
Questão 129
Questão
Colloid osmotic pressure is responsible for
Responda
-
blood pressure
-
drawing water in
-
increased blood flow
Questão 130
Questão
Hydrostatic pressure results in the filtration of ______ molecules (like water)
Responda
-
small
-
large
-
heavy
-
rigid
Questão 131
Questão
Blood pressure __________ the ______ _________ ____ the heart you get
Responda
-
increases; further away from
-
decreases; further away from
Questão 132
Questão
Veins tend to follow a path _____ to arteries
Responda
-
vertical
-
parallel
-
there is no set path
Questão 133
Questão
While veins are similar to arteries, the major difference between the two is that:
Responda
-
veins are larger
-
veins have valves, that prevent back flow of blood
-
veins hold less blood
-
all the above
Questão 134
Questão
Veins do not have the _______ that arteries do; there is approximately ____ % blood pressure acting on veins
Responda
-
strength; 10%
-
elasticity; 0%
-
rigidity; 20%
-
volume; 100%
Questão 135
Questão
The primary source of moving blood from veins is
Responda
-
skeletal muscle contractions
-
smooth muscle contractions
-
dilated vessels
-
increased oxygen
Questão 136
Questão
___________ can be used as blood reservoirs by contracting due to sympathetic muscles in their lining causing them to maintain blood pressure and volume by increasing the amount of blood being returned to the heart.
Responda
-
Arteries
-
Capillaries
-
Venules
-
Veins
Questão 137
Questão
The force exerted by the blood on walls of the blood vessels is known as
Responda
-
Blood pressure
-
constriction
-
dilation
-
vasodilation
Questão 138
Questão
Blood pressure refers to the pressure in
Responda
-
veins
-
venules
-
capillaries
-
systemic arteries
Questão 139
Questão
Systolic blood pressure is during
Responda
-
atrial systole
-
atrial diastole
-
ventricular systole
-
ventricular diastole
Questão 140
Questão
Diastolic blood pressure occurs during
Responda
-
atrial systole
-
atrial diastole
-
ventricular systole
-
ventricular diastole
Questão 141
Questão
Blood vessels expand and recoil, resulting in
Responda
-
heartbeat
-
increased blood flow
-
decreased blood flow
-
pulse
Questão 142
Questão
The first beat you hear when taking blood pressure is the ________ blood pressure; the last beat you hear is the _________ blood pressure.
Responda
-
diastolic; systolic
-
high; low
-
systolic; diastolic
-
low; high
Questão 143
Questão
The factor(s) that affect blood pressure are
Responda
-
heart action (stroke volume and rate)
-
blood volume
-
resistance to flow
-
blood viscosity
-
all the above
Questão 144
Questão
_____________ ___________ determines blood volume entering arterial system
Responda
-
Blood pressure
-
Ventricular contraction
-
heart rate
-
oxygen levels
Questão 145
Questão
If cardiac output increases, then ________ ______ increases and vice versa
Responda
-
blood pressure
-
blood flow
-
heart rate
-
energy levels
Questão 146
Questão
The ___________ ________ is equal to the sum of all formed elements and plasma volume in vascular system (about 8%)
Responda
-
blood pressure
-
red blood cell count
-
white blood cell count
-
blood volume
Questão 147
Questão
Blood pressure is directly proportional to
Responda
-
red blood cell count
-
oxygen levels
-
heart rate
-
blood volume
Questão 148
Questão
How easily the molecules in a fluid flow past one another is known as the
Responda
-
texture
-
formula
-
viscosity
Questão 149
Questão
__________ _______ and __________ ________ increase viscosity
Responda
-
red blood cells and white blood cells
-
oxygen levels and iron levels
-
blood cells and plasma proteins
-
heart rate and calcium levels
Questão 150
Questão
__________ ________ rises with an increase in viscosity; Normal blood has a ________ viscosity
Responda
-
heart rate; thin
-
blood levels; normal
-
blood pressure; normal
-
blood levels; thick
Questão 151
Questão
_________ ____________ is the friction between the blood vessel wall and the blood
Responda
-
blood friction
-
peripheral resistance
-
blood pressure
-
hemaglobic friction
Questão 152
Questão
Anything that alters peripheral resistance also affects _______ ______________
Responda
-
blood levels
-
blood pressure
-
heart rate
-
blood flow
Questão 153
Questão
BP= ________ ________ x ___________ ___________
Responda
-
blood levels; blood flow
-
cell count; heart rate
-
blood levels; heart rate
-
cardiac output; peripheral resistance
Questão 154
Questão
_________ __________ is the difference between end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume
Responda
-
cardiac output
-
blood pressure
-
blood flow
-
stroke volume
Questão 155
Questão
Factors that affect stroke volume are:
Responda
-
Mechanical
-
Neural
-
Chemical
-
All the above
-
None of these
Questão 156
Questão
The amount of blood that gets back into the ventricles is known as
Responda
-
ventricle blood return
-
venous return
-
blood back flow
-
veinous backflow
Questão 157
Questão
Normally, only about ______% of EDV is pumped out in a single contraction
Responda
-
20%
-
30%
-
60%
-
75%
Questão 158
Questão
____________ stimulation can increase the strength of ventricular contraction and increase stroke volume
Responda
-
parasympathetic
-
sympathetic
-
cardiac
-
pulse
Questão 159
Questão
The stretching of the myocardial fibers in the ventricles is known as
Responda
-
preload
-
mechanical stretching
-
cardiac pulling
-
cardostretch
Questão 160
Questão
A higher EDV will result in a greater _______
Responda
-
stroke volume
-
cardiac output
-
blood flow
-
preload
Questão 161
Questão
The increase in venous return, resulting in the increase in preload, resulting in the increase in cardiac output helps ensure that
Responda
-
blood circulates quickly
-
the blood leaving the heart equals the blood entering the heart
-
blood still flows to the head
Questão 162
Questão
The amount of blood left in the ventricles after contraction depends on
Responda
-
preload
-
contractility
-
afterload
-
all the above
Questão 163
Questão
_____________ is the amount of force for a contraction at a given preload
Responda
-
cardiac output
-
EDV
-
ESV
-
contractility
Questão 164
Questão
Contractility is influenced by ____________ stimulation and ________
Responda
-
parasympathetic; hormones
-
sympathetic; hormones
-
ESV; chemicals
Questão 165
Questão
The amount of force needed to open semilunar valves to eject blood is known as
Responda
-
preload
-
contractility
-
afterload
-
ESV
Questão 166
Questão
Afterload is increased by
Responda
-
increased contractility
-
decreased contractility
-
increased arterial pressure
-
decreased arterial pressure
Questão 167
Questão
Afterload leads to a _________ in stroke volume, therefore an ________ in ESV
Responda
-
decrease; decrease
-
decrease; increase
-
increase; decrease
-
increase; increase
Questão 168
Questão
The reflex that decreases blood pressure is known as
Responda
-
Cardioaccelerator reflex
-
Cardioinhibitor reflex
-
blood volume reflex
-
cardioflow reflex
Questão 169
Questão
The reflex that involves sympathetic impulses going to the SA nodes, in turn increasing heart rate is
Responda
-
Cardioinhibitor reflex
-
Cardiovascular reflex
-
Cardioaccelerator reflex
-
blood flow reflex
Questão 170
Questão
Increases in heart rate can increase _________ ______ and _______ ________
Responda
-
blood flow; blood pressure
-
blood levels; blood flow
-
blood pressure; cardiac output
-
cardiac output; blood flow
Questão 171
Questão
Factors that can increase heart rate are
Responda
-
epinephrine
-
emotions
-
exercise
-
rise in body temperature
-
all of the above
Questão 172
Questão
Arteriole diameter can influence
Responda
-
heart rate
-
blood pressure
-
peripheral resistance
-
cardioaccelerator reflex
Questão 173
Questão
Decreases in diameter of arterioles results in
Responda
-
decreased peripheral resistance
-
increased peripheral resistance
Questão 174
Questão
Anything that results in vasoconstriction increases
Responda
-
blood flow
-
peripheral resistance
-
blood pressure
-
heart rate
Questão 175
Questão
The vasomotor center is located in the __________ ________ and sends _______ signals to ________ muscles of arterioles
Responda
-
pulmonary arteries; parasympathetic; rough
-
pulmonary arteries; sympathetic; smooth
-
medulla oblongata; parasympathetic; smooth
-
medulla oblongata; sympathetic; smooth
Questão 176
Questão
The chemicals responsible for affecting precapillary sphincters and smooth muscles or arteriole and metarteriole walls are
Responda
-
CO2
-
O2
-
H+
-
all the above
Questão 177
Questão
Nitric oxide and bradykinin are considered
Responda
-
vasodilators
-
vasoconstrictors
Questão 178
Questão
Angiotensin and endothelin are considered
Responda
-
vasodilators
-
vasoconstrictors
Questão 179
Questão
Little _________ is found in the veins and venules
Responda
-
blood
-
pressure
-
clotting
-
plasma
Questão 180
Questão
Blood movement depends on not only the heart, but
Responda
-
skeletal muscle action
-
breathing movements
-
vasoconstriction of veins
-
all the above
Questão 181
Questão
During respiration:
Responda
-
pressure of thoracic cavity is reduced
-
Pressure in abdominal cavity increases
-
blood is squeezed from abdominal to thoracic veins
-
all the above
Questão 182
Questão
When venous pressure is low, ________ signals stimulate the contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the veins
Responda
-
sympathetic
-
parasympathetic
Questão 183
Questão
Vasoconstriction maintains
Responda
-
blood flow
-
venous return
-
heart rate
Questão 184
Questão
Blood returns to the pulmonary circuit via
Responda
-
pulmonary arteries
-
pulmonary veins
-
cardiac veins
-
cardiac arteries
Questão 185
Questão
The arterial system carries blood _____ _____ the heart. Starts in ______ ends in _____ and ______.
Responda
-
away from; aorta; toes; head
-
closer to; head; aorta; toes
-
away from; left ventricle; head; toes
-
closer to; aorta; head; toes.
Questão 186
Questão
All veins except pulmonary veins empty in the _______ atria
Responda
-
right
-
left
Questão 187
Questão
The pressure in the right atria is known as
Responda
-
right atrial pressure
-
central pressure
-
central venous pressure
-
right central venous pressure
Questão 188
Questão
Central venous pressure can influence pressure in
Responda
-
left arterial veins
-
right arterial veins
-
carotid artery
-
peripheral veins
Questão 189
Questão
Subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to
Responda
-
spleen and liver
-
brain, head, neck
-
toes and lower extremities
-
stomach and kidneys
Questão 190
Questão
Divisions of subclavian arteries include
Responda
-
vertebral arteries, thyrocervical arteries, and costocervical arteries
-
internal carotid arteries, external carotid arteries
-
thoracic and splenic arteries
Questão 191
Questão
Common carotid arteries include
Responda
-
internal carotid arteries
-
external carotid arteries
-
both
-
neither
Questão 192
Questão
Vertebral arteries come together to form
Responda
-
subclavian arteries
-
basilar artery
-
internal carotid arteries
-
cerebral arteries
Questão 193
Questão
The basilar artery branches to
Responda
-
cervix
-
pons, midbrain, cerebellum
-
liver
Questão 194
Questão
The vertebral arteries also divide into two posterior ______ arteries, which supply blood to parts of the temporal and occipital lobe
Responda
-
cerebral
-
basilar
-
carotid
-
femoral
Questão 195
Questão
What arteries provide blood to the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, pharynx, and muscles of neck, shoulder, and back?
Responda
-
costocervical arteries
-
basilar arteries
-
vertebral arteries
-
thryocervical arteries
Questão 196
Questão
What arteries are LAST to branch from the subclavian divisions, and supply blood to the muscles in neck, back, and thoracic walls?
Responda
-
Costocervical
-
Thyrocervical
-
Vertebral
Questão 197
Questão
The external common carotid artery divides into the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, and posterior auricular artery just above the ______ border
Responda
-
subclavian
-
laryngeal
-
cardiac
-
esophageal
Questão 198
Questão
The external carotid artery ends by dividing into the
Responda
-
superior thyroid artery
-
maxillary and superficial temporal arteries
-
occipital artery
-
posterior auricular artery
Questão 199
Questão
The internal carotid artery is the major blood supply for the
Responda
-
brain
-
neck
-
heart
-
stomach
Questão 200
Questão
Major branches of the internal carotid artery include
Responda
-
ophthalmic artery, posterior communicating artery, anterior choroid artery
-
superior thyroid artery, lingual artery
-
maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery
Questão 201
Questão
At the base of the internal carotid arteries is
Responda
-
apex of heart
-
larynx
-
esophagus
-
coronary sinus
Questão 202
Questão
The ________ artery passes between the clavicle and first rib and becomes part axillary artery
Responda
-
carotid
-
lingual
-
maxillary
-
subclavian
Questão 203
Questão
The subclavian artery provides blood to
Responda
-
face
-
skin of shoulder, part of mammary gland, proximal end of humorous, muscles of back, shoulder, and chest
-
hands
Questão 204
Questão
The subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery as it leaves the axilla
Responda
-
temporal
-
mammilary
-
brachial
-
humoral
Questão 205
Questão
The radial artery
Responda
-
is a great place to find pulse
-
provides blood to entire arm
-
is very thin
Questão 206
Questão
Where does the internal thoracic artery derive from?
Responda
-
thoracic aorta
-
subclavian artery
-
iliac artery
Questão 207
Questão
The posterial intercostals comes from
Responda
-
thoracic aorta
-
subclavian artery
-
thoracic artery
Questão 208
Questão
The abdominal aorta divides to form what?
Responda
-
iliac arteries
-
subclavian arteries
-
thoracic arteries
Questão 209
Questão
The iliac arteries divides into
Responda
-
internal iliac artery and external iliac artery
-
posterior and anterior iliac arteries
-
medial and lateral iliac arteries
Questão 210
Questão
The iliolumbar artery, superior and inferior gluteal arteries, internal pudendal artery, superior and inferior vesical arteries, middle rectal artery, and uterine artery are all derivatives of
Responda
-
external iliac artery
-
internal iliac artery
-
subclavian artery
-
popliteal artery
Questão 211
Questão
The external iliac artery becomes
Responda
-
femoral artery
-
subclavian artery
-
pulmonary artery
Questão 212
Questão
The superficial circumflex iliac artery, superficial epigastric artery, superficial and deep external prudendal arteries, deep femoral artery, and deep genicular artery are derivatives of
Responda
-
the popliteal artery
-
femoral artery
-
carotid artery
-
subclavian artery
Questão 213
Questão
The femoral artery becomes the __________ artery, which supplies the ________ and muscles of the ________ and calf with blood.
Responda
-
subclavian; elbow; gluteus
-
popliteal; knee; thigh
-
thoracic; stomach; knee
Questão 214
Questão
The popliteal artery divides into
Responda
-
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
-
anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
-
major and minor femoral arteries
Questão 215
Questão
The popliteal artery divides into
Responda
-
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
-
anterior and posterior popliteal arteries
-
major and minor femoral arteries
Questão 216
Questão
The anterior tibial artery branches to ________, while the posterior tibial artery branches to _______
Responda
-
calf, anterior and lateral portions of leg
-
anterior and lateral portions of leg, calf.
Questão 217
Questão
The anterior tibial artery branches to
Responda
-
fibular artery
-
plantar arteries
-
dorsalis pedis artery
Questão 218
Questão
The posterior tibial artery branches to
Responda
-
fibular branch
-
plantar arteries
-
dorsalis pedis artery
-
A & B
Questão 219
Questão
The venous system
Responda
-
carries blood from the heart
-
returns blood to the heart
Questão 220
Questão
________ system pathways are difficult to follow
Responda
-
venous
-
capillary
-
artery
Questão 221
Questão
Blood veins of the systemic circuit converge into two major pathways
Responda
-
major and minor venae cavae
-
superior and inferior venae cavae
-
anterior and posterior venae cavae
Questão 222
Questão
External _________ veins drain blood from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck, and empty into right and left _______ veins.
Responda
-
subclavian; jugular
-
jugular; subclavian
-
subclavian; carotid
-
carotid; jugular
Questão 223
Questão
Internal _________ veins drain blood from brain and veins in the face and neck and empties into _________ veins.
Responda
-
jugular; subclavian
-
subclavian; jugular
-
carotid; subclavian
-
subclavian; carotid
Questão 224
Questão
The union of the internal jugular and subclavian makes the ________ veins, which empty into the _________ _______ ______
Responda
-
superior vena cava; brachiocephalic
-
brachiocephalic; supera vena cava
-
brachiocephalic; common carotid artery
-
pulmonary veins; common carotid artery
Questão 225
Questão
Radial and ulnar veins merge to form
Responda
-
brachial veins
-
subclavian veins
-
popliteal veins
Questão 226
Questão
Deep venous drainage veins are
Responda
-
radial and ulnar
-
basilic and cephalic
-
cubital
Questão 227
Questão
Superficial venous drainage veins are
Responda
-
radial and ulnar
-
basilic and cephalic
-
medial cubital
Questão 228
Questão
The normal site of venipuncture is
Responda
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
medial cubital vein
-
basilic vein
-
radial vein
Questão 229
Questão
The internal thoracic and intercostal veins drain into
Responda
-
basilic vein
-
subclavian vein
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
jugular vein
Questão 230
Questão
The posterior intercostal veins, superior and inferior hemiazygos vein, and ascending lumbar vein all drain into
Responda
-
brachiocephalic vein
-
subclavian vein
-
azygos vein
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