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CVS Embryology

Description

1MB MD121 Embryology Study Quiz 2018 (up to IV septum formation)
Emer Lyons
Quiz by Emer Lyons, updated more than 1 year ago
Emer Lyons
Created by Emer Lyons about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The Cardiovascular System is the second major system to function in the embryo
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
In the early development of the cardiovascular system:
Answer
  • Paired angioblastic cords appear in the mesoderm
  • The heart develops from the foregut
  • The heart begins to beat at day 22
  • The primitive CVS begins to appear in the second week of development
  • The pharyngeal arches are the first structure to appear

Question 3

Question
The Venous ends of the heart are fixed by
Answer
  • The septum transversum
  • The pharyngeal arches
  • The bulboventricular loop
  • The sinus venosis

Question 4

Question
The arterial ends of the heart are fixed by
Answer
  • The septum transversum
  • The pharyngeal arches
  • The truncus arteriosus
  • The bulbus cordis

Question 5

Question
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Bulbus cordis

Question 6

Question
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Sinus venosus

Question 7

Question
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Atrium

Question 8

Question
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Truncus arteriosus

Question 9

Question
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Ventricle

Question 10

Question
The Bulbus Cordis and the Ventricle grow and bend to become
Answer
  • The Bulboventricular loop
  • The Pharyngeal Arches
  • The Septum Transversum
  • The Aortic Sac

Question 11

Question
The Vitelline Veins
Answer
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • drain poor o2 blood from the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Question 12

Question
While there is originally both a right and left umbilical vein, only the right persists
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 13

Question
The Common Cardinal veins
Answer
  • drain poor O2 blood from the body of the embryo
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Question 14

Question
The Umbilical Veins
Answer
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • drain poor O2 blood from the body of the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Question 15

Question
Label the following embryonic veins
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Cardinal veins

Question 16

Question
Label the following embryonic vein
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Umbilical vein

Question 17

Question
Label (specifically) the following embryonic vein
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Left Vitelline vein

Question 18

Question
The primordial myocardium forms from [blank_start]splanchnic mesoderm[blank_end]
Answer
  • splanchnic mesoderm

Question 19

Question
During lateral folding, the 2 heart tubes fuse to form one cranio-caudally
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
As the primitive heart bends:
Answer
  • The two horns of the sinus venosus fuse
  • The atrium and sinus venosus end up behind the bulbus cordis, truncus arteriosus and ventricle.
  • The heart gradually invaginates the pericardial cavity

Question 21

Question
Partitions of the heart develop around week [blank_start]4[blank_end] and are essentially finished by the end of week [blank_start]5[blank_end]
Answer
  • 4
  • 5

Question 22

Question
The Aorta is formed from the coalescence of:
Answer
  • The Umbilical Arteries
  • The Embryonic Arteries
  • The Atrioventricular Arteries

Question 23

Question
Aortic Arches are:
Answer
  • Not all are present simultaneously
  • All permanent structures
  • Profoundly different to the Pharyngeal Arch arteries

Question 24

Question
The 4th Aortic Arch becomes the Arch of the Aorta on the right and the Subclavian Artery on the left
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
The 3rd Aortic Arch gives rise to:
Answer
  • Common Carotid
  • Proximal Internal Carotid
  • External branches of the 3rd arch
  • Pulmonary trunk
  • Right subclavian artery

Question 26

Question
Which of the following Aortic Arches disappear?
Answer
  • 1st
  • 2nd
  • 3rd
  • 4th
  • 5th
  • 6th

Question 27

Question
The 6th Aortic Arch gives rise to:
Answer
  • Arch of the Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk
  • Pulmonary Trunk and Ductus Arteriosus
  • Brachiocephalic Artery and Arch of the Aorta
  • Internal and External Carotid Arteries
  • Pulmonary and Left Subclavian Veins

Question 28

Question
Fusion of the outflow tract cushions results in separation of the blood flow
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
The truncus arteriosus divides to form the [blank_start]Aorta[blank_end] and the [blank_start]Pulmonary[blank_end] Trunk
Answer
  • Aorta
  • Pulmonary

Question 30

Question
In right atrial septum formation:
Answer
  • Some of the wall is formed from the sinus venosus
  • The Atrium decreases in size
  • The entrance of the sinus venosus is shifted over to the right

Question 31

Question
During septum formation, for a brief period the left atrium has no venous inflow
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
The pulmonary veins bud from the [blank_start]left atrium[blank_end]
Answer
  • left atrium

Question 33

Question
Atrial Septation is complete at week 8
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
The Septum Primum:
Answer
  • is incomplete
  • is sickle shaped
  • gives rise to the ostium primum
  • gives rise to the ostium secondum
  • grows from the roof of the atrium into the lumen

Question 35

Question
The Septum Secundum:
Answer
  • Fuses with the Endocardial Cushions
  • Grows from the interventricular septum
  • Gives rise to the foramen ovale at its lower free edge

Question 36

Question
In pre-natal development, blood flows from right to left through the interatrial septum
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
In Atrial Septal Defects, Left-to-right shunting of blood:
Answer
  • May be asymptomatic
  • Presents with an ejection systolic murmur
  • Causes raised O2 saturation in the right atrium

Question 38

Question
Ostium Primum defects cause 70% of ASDs
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Select the correct statements about Ostium Secundum defects:
Answer
  • They occur in the region of fossa ovalis
  • They can be caused by underdevelopment of the septum secundum
  • They can be caused by excessive resorption of the septum primum

Question 40

Question
The [blank_start]Common Atrium[blank_end] condition is caused by the absence of the [blank_start]septum primum[blank_end] and septum secondum.
Answer
  • Common Atrium
  • Left-to-right shunting of blood
  • septum primum
  • septum secondum
  • fossa ovalis
  • ostium secundum

Question 41

Question
The muscular portion of the Interventricular septum:
Answer
  • is formed by the medial walls of the expanding ventricles
  • makes up about 10% of the septum
  • has a foramen close to the inferior border

Question 42

Question
Tissue from the [blank_start]inferior endocardial cushion[blank_end] close the interventricular foramen, and making up the [blank_start]membranous[blank_end] part of the septum.
Answer
  • inferior endocardial cushion
  • lateral walls of the ventricles
  • membranous
  • muscular
  • tendonous

Question 43

Question
Select the correct statements regarding Ventricular septal defects:
Answer
  • Spontaneous closure may occur before 2 years of age
  • 2 main forms exist: Membranous and Valvular
  • Left-to-right shunting of blood does not occur
  • Muscular VSDs are less common in adults than in children
  • VSDs may present with a pansystolic murmur

Question 44

Question
In healthy foetal circulation, Left-to-right shunting of blood does not occur
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
The closure of the atrial septum is due to anatomical changes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
Select the INCORRECT statements regarding the closure of the atrial septum:
Answer
  • High pulmonary peripheral vascular resistance and arterial pressures cause right to left shunting pre-natally
  • Pulmonary peripheral vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressures drop post-natal
  • Pre-natal lungs are deflated
  • Pressure gradient post- natal is LA<RA
  • There is no post-natal evidence of the pre-natal foramen

Question 47

Question
Which of the following are symptoms of Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Answer
  • Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Right Atrium Hypertension
  • Murmur in both Diastole and Systole
  • Post-natal blood flow from left to right
  • Parasystolic murmur

Question 48

Question
Bradykinin release causes smooth muscle contraction with results in opening of the ductus arteriosus
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
Upon anatomical closure, the Ductus Arteriosus becomes the [blank_start]Ligamentum Arteriosum[blank_end]
Answer
  • Ligamentum Arteriosum

Question 50

Question
Which of the following is not associated with the Tetralogy of Fallout?
Answer
  • Unequal division of conus cordis
  • Pulmonary Stenosis
  • Dual murmur in Systole and Diastole
  • Large VSD
  • Overriding Aorta
  • Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
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