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Wks 3 and 4

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MEDI1000
Jessica Bulley
Quiz by Jessica Bulley, updated more than 1 year ago
Jessica Bulley
Created by Jessica Bulley about 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Fungi differ from animals by having a cell wall
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 2

Question
Mycoses is the incorrect term for diseases caused by fungi
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
Select the Four correct statements about Fungi
Answer
  • Eucaryote
  • Prokaryote
  • Unicellular/multicellular
  • Reproduction -yeast by sexual (blastospores)
  • Reproduction -yeast by budding (blastospores)
  • Moulds - asexual or/and sexual spores
  • Moulds - by budding

Question 4

Question
Fungi are Prokaryotes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
Select the Three perfect growth conditions of Fungi
Answer
  • Acidic pH (4-6)
  • Tolerate high salt
  • Tolerate low salt
  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
  • Acidic pH (2-3)

Question 6

Question
There are over 100,00 species of Fungi only ....
Answer
  • 200 cause disease
  • 400 cause disease

Question 7

Question
A Saprophyte is a
Answer
  • a plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter.
  • a plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on live organic matter

Question 8

Question
A Dermatophyte is a pathogenic fungus that grows on skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails, feathers, and other body surfaces, causing ringworm and related diseases.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
[blank_start]Parasitic fungi[blank_end] are the second largest group, of whose members do a lot of serious damage. Rather than obtaining their food from dead animals or plants, they prefer a living host, often attacking and killing, it then living on as a [blank_start]saprophytic fungi[blank_end].
Answer
  • Parasitic fungi
  • saprophytic fungi

Question 10

Question
If an [blank_start]obligate parasite[blank_end] cannot obtain a host it will fail to reproduce. This is opposed to a [blank_start]facultative parasite[blank_end], which can act as a parasite but does not rely on its host to continue its life-cycle.
Answer
  • obligate parasite
  • facultative parasite

Question 11

Question
- A [blank_start]Dermatophyte[blank_end] is a pathogenic fungus that grows on skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails, feathers, and other body surfaces, causing ringworm and related diseases. - A [blank_start]Saprophyte[blank_end] is a a plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter. - [blank_start]Parasitic fungi[blank_end] are the second largest group, of whose members do a lot of serious damage. Rather than obtaining their food from dead animals or plants, they prefer a living host, often attacking and killing, it then living on as a saprophytic fungi. - A [blank_start]facultative parasite[blank_end] is an organism that may resort to parasitic activity, but does not absolutely rely on any host for completion of its life cycle.
Answer
  • Dermatophyte
  • Saprophyte
  • Parasitic fungi
  • facultative parasite

Question 12

Question
1. [blank_start]Moulds[blank_end] - mycelial growth made of branching tubular filaments called hyphae 2. [blank_start]True Yeasts[blank_end] - unicellular 3. [blank_start]Yeast[blank_end]- like Fungi (yeast or short filament) 4. [blank_start]Dimorphic Fungi[blank_end] - yeast or mycelial depending on environment
Answer
  • Moulds
  • True Yeasts
  • Yeast
  • Dimorphic Fungi

Question 13

Question
Select the correct classification of Fungi
Image:
Mould (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Moulds
  • Yeast

Question 14

Question
Select the correct classification of Fungi
Image:
True Yeast (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • True Yeast
  • Mould

Question 15

Question
A unicellular organism, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of only one cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of more than one cell.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
Select the correct classification of fungus
Image:
Yeast Like Fungi (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Yeast-like Fungi
  • True Fungi

Question 17

Question
[blank_start]Yeast-like[blank_end] fungi grow partly as yeast and partly as elongated cells resembling hyphae. The latter form a pseudomycelium.
Answer
  • Yeast-like
  • True

Question 18

Question
[blank_start]Dimorphic[blank_end] fungi are those fungi that exist either in yeast form or as mold (mycelial form) depending on environmental conditions, physiological conditions of the fungus or the genetic characteristics.
Answer
  • Dimorphic
  • Yeast-like

Question 19

Question
What is this classification of Fungi?
Image:
Dimorphic Fungi (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Dimorphic
  • True yeast

Question 20

Question
- [blank_start]Dimorphic[blank_end] fungi are those fungi that exist either in yeast form or as mold (mycelial form) depending on environmental conditions, physiological conditions of the fungus or the genetic characteristics. - [blank_start]Yeast like[blank_end] fungi grow partly as yeast and partly as elongated cells resembling hyphae. The latter form a pseudomycelium. - [blank_start]True Yeasts[blank_end] are fungi that grow as single cells, producing daughter cells either by budding (the budding yeasts) or by binary fission (the fission yeasts). They differ from most fungi, which grow as thread-like hyphae. - A [blank_start]Mould[blank_end] is a fungus that grows in the form of multicellular filaments called hyphae.
Answer
  • Dimorphic
  • Yeast like
  • True Yeasts
  • Mould

Question 21

Question
What is this?
Image:
Yeast Pic (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Yeast
  • Mould

Question 22

Question
What is this?
Image:
Mould P (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Mould
  • Yeast

Question 23

Question
Fungi Growth Requirements - select four
Answer
  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
  • Moist
  • Dry
  • Acidic pH (4 -6)
  • Acidic pH (2 -3 )
  • Temperature 25 - 30ºC
  • Temperature 35 - 40ºC

Question 24

Question
Sabouraud's agar is the perfect media to culture
Answer
  • Fungi
  • Bacteria

Question 25

Question
Sabouraud's agar has a
Answer
  • Acidic pH and high sugar concentration
  • Base pH and low sugar concentration

Question 26

Question
Fungal reproduction: [blank_start]Yeast[blank_end] - budding [blank_start]Moulds[blank_end] - asexual/sexual
Answer
  • Yeast
  • Moulds

Question 27

Question
- [blank_start]Binary fission[blank_end] is a simple reproduction method which involves mitosis followed by the splitting of a parent individual. - [blank_start]Budding[blank_end] is a is a when the parent individually produces a smaller individual known as a ‘bud’ by mitotic cell division. This individual is attached to its parent individual and eventually becomes detached from its parent individual.
Answer
  • Binary fission
  • Budding

Question 28

Question
Asexual spores of fungi: • [blank_start]Sporangiospores[blank_end] – Spores inside sac called sporangium • [blank_start]Chlamydospores[blank_end] – Spores within thickened cell wall of hyphae • [blank_start]Conidiospores[blank_end] (Conidia) – naked spores in chains at hyphal tip • [blank_start]Arthrospores[blank_end] – fragmentation of hyphae • [blank_start]Blastospores[blank_end] – Form as buds
Answer
  • Sporangiospores
  • Chlamydospores
  • Conidiospores
  • Arthrospores
  • Blastospores

Question 29

Question
Select the correct type of asexual spores of fungi:
Image:
Sporangiospore (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Sporangiospore - Spores inside sac called sporangium
  • Chlamydospores - Spores within thickened cell wall of hyphae

Question 30

Question
Select the correct type of asexual fungal reproduction
Image:
Conidia (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Conidiospores - naked spores in chains at hyphal tip
  • Arthrospores – fragmentation of hyphae

Question 31

Question
Select the correct asexual type of asexual reproduction
Image:
Arthrospore (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Arthrospore - fragmentation of hyphae
  • Conidiospores (Conidia) – naked spores in chains at hyphal tip

Question 32

Question
Stages of sexual spore formation • Mating types designated as “+” and “-” 1. Cells of + thallus and – thallus fuse [blank_start](Dikaryotic stage)[blank_end] 2. After several hours / years/ centuries nuclei fuse [blank_start](diploid stage)[blank_end] 3. [blank_start]Meiosis[blank_end] of nucleus restores haploid state 4. [blank_start]Haploid[blank_end] nucleus partitioned into + and - spores
Answer
  • (Dikaryotic stage)
  • (diploid stage)
  • Meiosis
  • Haploid

Question 33

Question
Select the Three classifications of Fungal Sexual Reproduction
Answer
  • Zygomycota (Zygospores, Zygosporangia)
  • Basidiomycota (Basidiospores)
  • Ascomycota (Ascospores)
  • Sporangiospores

Question 34

Question
Tinea is caused by
Answer
  • Dermatophytes
  • Saprophyte

Question 35

Question
Select Two different conditions caused by Dermatophycoses
Answer
  • TInea
  • RIngworm
  • Histoblasmosis

Question 36

Question
Tinea is caused by Dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and M. gypseum
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
[blank_start]Sporotrichosis[blank_end] is a [blank_start]sub-[blank_end]cutaneous disease caused by the infection of the fungus [blank_start]Sporothrix schenckii[blank_end]. It is usually introduced by thorn pricks or wood splinters
Answer
  • Sporotrichosis
  • Dermatophycoses
  • Sporothrix schenckii
  • Trichophyton rubrum
  • sub-
  • non-

Question 38

Question
Systemic mycoses are fungal infections affecting internal organs.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Select the Four different types of Systemic mycoses
Answer
  • Histoplasmosis (H. capsulatum)
  • Paracoccidoidomycosis (Paracoccidioides brasiliensis)
  • Coccidiodomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)
  • Blastomycosis (B. dermatitidis)
  • Sporothrix schenckii

Question 40

Question
Systemic Mycoses generally start from lung infection to spread to other areas of body.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 41

Question
Candidosis, crytococcosis and pneumosystis pneumonia are diseases caused by opportunistic fungi. True or false?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
25% of worlds food is contaminated with mycotoxins, why don't they generally cause disease?
Answer
  • rarely at dangerous levels
  • insufficient growth and environmental factors

Question 43

Question
Select the Five General Properties of Viruses
Answer
  • Obligate intracellular parasite
  • Host specific
  • Size 10- 300 or 400 nm
  • Genetic material either DNA or RNA
  • Unable to grow on synthetic media
  • Extracellular parasite
  • Non-host specific
  • Able to grow on synthetic media

Question 44

Question
Differences of DNA and RNA: RNA - - RNA has a [blank_start]ribose[blank_end] sugar - RNA nucleotides have a [blank_start]uracil[blank_end] base DNA- - DNA has a [blank_start]deoxyribose[blank_end] sugar - DNA nucleotides have a [blank_start]thymine[blank_end] base
Answer
  • ribose
  • uracil
  • deoxyribose
  • thymine

Question 45

Question
The classification of viruses is used via the Baltimore Scheme (based on nucleic acid)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
The Baltimore scheme has 6 different types of classifications
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
What is this classification type of virus
Image:
Retrotranscribing (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Class 6 - ss RNA positive sense with ds DNA intermediate before replication (retroviruses)
  • Class 1, double stranded DNA (ds DNA)

Question 48

Question
The Baltimore Classification System is a scheme for classifying viruses based on the type of genome and its replication strategy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 49

Question
Select the definition of a Class 1 virus
Answer
  • A double stranded DNA virus enters the host nucleus before it begins to replicate. It makes use of the host polymerases to replicate its genome, and is therefore highly dependent on the host cell cycle.
  • Most ssDNA viruses have circular genomes and replicate mostly within the nucleus by a rolling circle mechanism.

Question 50

Question
Select the correct definition of a Class 2 virus
Answer
  • are ssDNA which forma double stranded DNA intermediate during replication and this intermediate is used for transcription.
  • double stranded virus

Question 51

Question
Class 3 Virus is a double stranded RNA which replicates in the core capsid
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 52

Question
Class 4 virus is a
Answer
  • +ssRNA Virus
  • -ssDNA VIrus

Question 53

Question
Class 5 virus is a
Answer
  • -ssRNA virus
  • double strand DNA virus

Question 54

Question
Class 6 virus is a
Answer
  • +ss RNA with ds DNA intermediate before replication (retroviruses)
  • double stranded DNA (ds DNA)

Question 55

Question
Class 7 virus is a
Answer
  • ds DNA with positive sense, part ss DNA, with ss RNA intermediate (reversiviruses)
  • single stranded DNA (ss DNA)

Question 56

Question
A - [blank_start]Spikes (projections)[blank_end] B - [blank_start]Envelope (membrane)[blank_end] C - [blank_start]Capsid (protein coat)[blank_end] D - [blank_start]Capsomeres (capsid subunits)[blank_end] E - [blank_start]Nucleic acid[blank_end]
Image:
Virion (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Spikes (projections)
  • Envelope (membrane)
  • Capsid (protein coat)
  • Capsomeres (capsid subunits)
  • Nucleic acid

Question 57

Question
Caption C - Capsomeres (capsid subunits)
Image:
Virion (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 58

Question
D - Capsomeres (capsid subunits)
Image:
Virion (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 59

Question
Most human viral infections are caused by viruses that have [blank_start]iscosahedral[blank_end] or helicalsymmetries.
Answer
  • iscosahedral
  • complex

Question 60

Question
Select the correct morphological type of virus
Image:
Filamentous (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Filamentous
  • Iscosahedral

Question 61

Question
What type of morphological virus is this?
Image:
Isocahedral (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Isocahedral
  • Helical

Question 62

Question
Helical or Eolyhedral are enveloped
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 63

Question
The Capsomere is a subunit of the capsid, an outer covering of protein that protects the genetic material of a virus. Capsomeres self-assemble to form the capsid.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 64

Question
Class 1 - [blank_start]D[blank_end] Class 2 - [blank_start]A[blank_end] Class 3 - [blank_start]E[blank_end] Class 4 - [blank_start]F[blank_end] Class 5 - [blank_start]B[blank_end] Class 6 - [blank_start]C[blank_end] Class 7 - [blank_start]G[blank_end]
Image:
Baltimore Scheme (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • D
  • A
  • E
  • F
  • B
  • C
  • G

Question 65

Question
Viral replication process: 1. [blank_start]Attachment[blank_end] – To host cell via specific receptor on cell membrane 2. [blank_start]Penetration[blank_end] – Entry into host cell (internalization) – “Uncoats” – shedding protein shell 3. [blank_start]Replication of viral genome[blank_end] – This varies between viral types – production of viral mRNA – Production of early viral proteins 4. [blank_start]Production[blank_end] of late viral proteins (structural) 5. [blank_start]Assembly[blank_end] of the progeny virions 6. [blank_start]Release[blank_end] of virions from cell (budding or lysis)
Answer
  • Attachment
  • Penetration
  • Replication of viral genome
  • Production
  • Assembly
  • Release

Question 66

Question
Viruses cause disease by two mechanisms:
Answer
  • Replication within the host cell leading to direct damage of the cell
  • Host defenses leads to cell damage as it attempt to clear the virus infected cells
  • Replication within the host cell via lysis or budding

Question 67

Question
Replication within the host cell leading to direct damage of the cell does not cause disease via this mechanism
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 68

Question
Host defenses leads to cell damage as it attempt to clear the virus infected cells is a disease causing mechanism
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 69

Question
A teratogen is an agent that can disturb the development of the embryo or fetus.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 70

Question
A [blank_start]teratogen[blank_end] is an agent that can disturb the development of the embryo or fetus.
Answer
  • teratogen
  • oncogenic

Question 71

Question
Select the Six types of Viral Infections
Answer
  • Teratogenic
  • Oncogenic
  • Chronic
  • Severe
  • Latent
  • Mild
  • Acute
  • Contageous

Question 72

Question
In latent infections, overt disease is not produced, but the virus is not eradicated.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 73

Question
Select the correct statement about Arthropod-borne diseases
Answer
  • Humans contract arthropod-borne diseases when a pathogen, such as a bacteria or virus, is transmitted from its reservoir (natural host) to a human via the arthropod vector.
  • Arthropod-borne diseases are a type of persistent viral infection which is distinguished from a chronic viral infection.

Question 74

Question
Select the Six viral modes of transmission
Answer
  • Physical contact - direct or indirect
  • Intra-placental
  • Direct inoculation
  • Arthropod-borne
  • Food-borne
  • Air-borne
  • Abiogenesis

Question 75

Question
Select the Six different types of Viral control and eradication:
Answer
  • Heat
  • Vaccines
  • Anti-viral drugs
  • UV
  • Disinfectants
  • Ether
  • Anti-biotics
  • Vit. C

Question 76

Question
Select the Five methods of viral diagnosis
Answer
  • Nucleic acid detection (PCR)
  • Isolation of virus – cell cultures, animal culture
  • Serological tests (blood samples)
  • Fluorescent microscopy
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Light microscope
  • Dip stick

Question 77

Question
Insidious Infections: Something that is insidious is unpleasant or dangerous and develops gradually without being noticed.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 78

Question
Select Three correct statements regarding Prions
Answer
  • Contain no genetic material
  • Can arise spontaneously through mutation, but can also be transferred by consumption of infected nervous tissue
  • Proteins that can cause other proteins to fold incorrectly
  • Contain genetic materia
  • Uncontrolled multiplication of regular proteins

Question 79

Question
Prion is a shortened term for
Answer
  • Proteinaceous Infectious Particle
  • Proteineous Infected Particle
  • Protein Abnormality Particle

Question 80

Question
What are the names for Roundworms?
Answer
  • Nematodes
  • Cestodia

Question 81

Question
What is the correct name for flatworms?
Answer
  • Platyhelminths
  • Nematodes

Question 82

Question
The general term for worms are called [blank_start]Helminths[blank_end] Flatworms are called [blank_start]Platyhelminths[blank_end] Roundworms are called [blank_start]Nematodes[blank_end]
Answer
  • Helminths
  • Platyhelminths
  • Nematodes

Question 83

Question
Trichinella spiralis is found in which meat?
Answer
  • pork
  • lamb
  • chicken

Question 84

Question
What is the common name for 'Cestodia'?
Answer
  • Roundworms
  • Flatworms
  • Tapeworms

Question 85

Question
Tichinella spiralis, Ascaris lumbicoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworms are a type of what?
Answer
  • Nematodes (roundworms)
  • Platyhelminths (flat worms)

Question 86

Question
Trematodia (liver flukes, Fasciola hepatica) and Cestodia (tapeworm, Taenia sp) are a type of ...
Answer
  • Platyhelminths (flat worms)
  • Nematodes (round worms)

Question 87

Question
Platyhelminths are roundworms
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 88

Question
Why are nematodes (roundworms) infections so common?
Answer
  • Contaminated hands and Trichinella spiralis most notorious in food (pork)
  • Contaminated hands and Trichinella spiralis most notorious in food (fish)

Question 89

Question
Select Four symptoms of Malaria
Answer
  • fever
  • nausea
  • headache
  • chills
  • swelling
  • salivating

Question 90

Question
Malaria causes symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea and headache, what is the reason for this?
Answer
  • Lysis (bursting) of RBC
  • Lymphatic system is damaged

Question 91

Question
What is the main route of infection for parasites?
Answer
  • faecal oral transmission via water, contaminated hands
  • IV

Question 92

Question
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis are what type of helminth?
Answer
  • Nematodes
  • Platyhelminths

Question 93

Question
How do you detect Nematodes?
Answer
  • Detect eggs in faeces (diagnosis)
  • Blood sample (diagnosis)
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