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Brain Tumours

Description

Brain Tumours given by Kismet Hossain Ibrahim on 11/9/18
Matthew Coulson
Quiz by Matthew Coulson, updated more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Brain tumours can be described as supratentorial and infratentorial based on their position in relation to the [blank_start]tentorium cerebelli[blank_end]
Answer
  • tentorium cerebelli

Question 2

Question
Which benign brain tumour of the pituitary gland is known to cause bitemporal hemianopia in children due to compression of the optic chiasm? [blank_start]Craniopharyngioma[blank_end]
Answer
  • Craniopharyngioma

Question 3

Question
One of the main red flags for a brain tumour is a headache which is worse [blank_start]in the morning[blank_end]
Answer
  • in the morning
  • at night
  • during exercise

Question 4

Question
Whilst an intrinsic brain tumour affects the brain itself, an extrinsic brain tumour affects which of the following 2 structures?
Answer
  • Bone
  • Meninges
  • Spinal cord
  • Nasal cavity

Question 5

Question
Cushing's triad is a series of signs/symptoms that are indicative of possible impending fatal herniation of the brain. What are the constituents of this triad?
Answer
  • Systolic Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
  • Decreased, Irregular Breathing
  • Hyperventilation
  • Hypotension

Question 6

Question
A patient showing signs of Cushing's triad should be immediately rushed to surgery for decompression. Which diuretic drug should be given in the meantime to ensure they don't pass away before reaching theatre? [blank_start]Mannitol[blank_end]
Answer
  • Mannitol

Question 7

Question
A patient with a known brain tumour is unable to perform three separate motor functions in a row (such as rock, paper, scissors). It is likely their tumour is affecting which part of the brain?
Answer
  • Frontal lobe
  • Parietal lobe
  • Temporal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Insular lobe

Question 8

Question
Which are the main two imaging modalities for brain tumour diagnosis?
Answer
  • CT
  • MRI
  • X-ray
  • Ultrasound
  • PET scan
  • Angiogram

Question 9

Question
What is the most common type of brain tumour?
Answer
  • Metastases from cancer process elsewhere in the body
  • Meningiomas
  • Neuroepithelial tissue cancers
  • Nerve sheath cell cancers

Question 10

Question
Neuroepithelial tissue brain tumours can arise from any of the following cell types, however which is the most common?
Answer
  • Astrocytes
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Ependymal cells
  • Neuronal cells
  • Pineal cells

Question 11

Question
There are [blank_start]4[blank_end] WHO gradings of astrocytic tumours
Answer
  • 4
  • 3
  • 5

Question 12

Question
The only truly benign astrocytoma is...
Answer
  • Grade I astrocytoma
  • Grade II astrocytoma
  • Grade III astrocytoma
  • Grade IV astrocytoma

Question 13

Question
Of all astrocytomas, which most commonly occur in children?
Answer
  • Grade I astrocytoma
  • Grade II astrocytoma
  • Grade III astrocytoma
  • Grade IV astrocytoma

Question 14

Question
What is the most typical mode of treatment for a grade I astrocytoma?
Answer
  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiotherapy

Question 15

Question
Low grade astrocytomas are also known as
Answer
  • Grade I astrocytoma
  • Grade II astrocytoma
  • Grade III astrocytoma
  • Grade IV astrocytoma

Question 16

Question
What tends to be the main presentation of low grade astrocytomas?
Answer
  • Headaches
  • Seizures
  • Diplopia
  • Nausea+Vomiting

Question 17

Question
Low grade (Grade II) astrocytomas tend to affects people [blank_start]over[blank_end] 50
Answer
  • over
  • under

Question 18

Question
Low grade astrocytomas don't tend to differentiate into higher grade tumours (Grade III/IV) and therefore surgery is not recommended. Instead, serial imaging and potential chemo/radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Of the malignant astrocytomas, which is by far the most common?
Answer
  • Anaplastic Astrocytoma
  • Glioblastoma Multiforme

Question 20

Question
Grade III Astrocytoma = [blank_start]Anaplastic Astrocytoma[blank_end] Grade IV Astrocytoma = [blank_start]Glioblastoma Multiforme[blank_end]
Answer
  • Glioblastoma Multiforme
  • Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Question 21

Question
Which treatment has been proven to be most effective in treating brain tumours?
Answer
  • Chemotherapy alone
  • Radiotherapy alone
  • Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Combination

Question 22

Question
Meningiomas are the most common [blank_start]benign[blank_end] intracranial tumour. They arise from [blank_start]arachnoid[blank_end] cap cells in the meninges.
Answer
  • arachnoid
  • dura
  • pia
  • benign
  • malignant

Question 23

Question
There are four aggressive meningiomas. What are they?
Answer
  • Clear Cell Meningioma
  • Chordoid Meningioma
  • Rhabdoid Meningioma
  • Papillary Meningioma
  • Sphenoid Meningioma
  • Intraventricular Meningioma

Question 24

Question
How are meningiomas typically managed?
Answer
  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiotherapy

Question 25

Question
A nerve sheath tumour originating in the myelin producing cells of the PNS is called a [blank_start]Schwannoma[blank_end]
Answer
  • Schwannoma

Question 26

Question
A [blank_start]Vestibular Schwannoma[blank_end] is a tumour of the myelin forming cells of the 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve).
Answer
  • Vestibular Schwannoma

Question 27

Question
Vestibular Schwannomas tend to occur in patients with the condition [blank_start]Neurofibromatosis Type II[blank_end]
Answer
  • Neurofibromatosis Type II
  • Neurofibromatosis Type I

Question 28

Question
The most common CNS germ cell tumour is...
Answer
  • Germinoma
  • Teratoma
  • Yolk sac Tumour
  • Choriocarcinoma

Question 29

Question
There are 3 main tumour markers for germ cell tumours. Therefore, in a child with a midline brain tumour which 3 markers should be tested for?
Answer
  • Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP)
  • Human Choriogonadotrophin (bHCG)
  • Placental Alkaline Phosphatase (pALP)
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CA)
  • CA-125 Protein

Question 30

Question
Which type of drug can be used to shrink a Prolactinoma?
Answer
  • Dopamine Receptor Agonist
  • Dopamine Receptor Antagonist
  • Somatostatin Analogue

Question 31

Question
Name the dopamine receptor agonist used most frequently to shrink Prolactinomas [blank_start]Cabergoline[blank_end]
Answer
  • Cabergoline

Question 32

Question
The main therapy of choice for Acromegaly is the use of [blank_start]Somatostatin[blank_end] Analogues
Answer
  • Somatostatin

Question 33

Question
Which of the following is a somatostatin analogue that can be used to treat acromegaly?
Answer
  • Octreotide
  • Lansoprazole
  • Pramipexole
  • Metyrapone

Question 34

Question
Tumour markers in germ cell tumours: AFP present = [blank_start]Yolk Sac Tumour[blank_end] Beta-hCG present = [blank_start]Choriocarcinoma[blank_end] PLAP present = [blank_start]Germinoma[blank_end]
Answer
  • Germinoma
  • Choriocarcinoma
  • Yolk Sac Tumour
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