Quiz
Bacterial Pathogens
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Questions in this quiz (19)
1Which are correct regarding Bacillus anthracis?
- ASpore-forming
- BGram-Negative
- CGram-Positive
- DCan encode a capsule
- EIs not typically transmitted via respiratory tract
2Which enzyme allows Yersinia pestis to survive in the midgut of the flea?
- Aphospholipase D
- Bphosphokinase
- Cadenylate cyclase
- Dprotease
3There is currently research being done to make an anthrax vaccine. A current candidate for a vaccine is LF (lethal factor) mutant E687C, which induces anti-LF antibody formation but lacks LF enzymatic activity. If a patient was given the E687C mutant as a vaccine but then was exposed to wildtype Bacillus anthracis, what would happen?
- AThe patient would get an intense anthrax infection. The mutant and wildtype LF would both contribute to pathogenesis causing lethal vascular collapse in the heart.
- BThe patient would get a normal anthrax infection. The vaccine doesn’t have the same protein structure as wildtype LF so it wouldn’t be effective against wildtype B. anthracis.
- CThe patient would not get an anthrax infection. The vaccine would cause the immune system to recognize B. anthracis and activate an immune response
4Which bacterium does not survive within the host by disabling or killing phagocytic cells?
- AYersinia pestis
- BBacillus anthracis
- CTreponema pallidum
5You are a doctor and have several patients come into your clinic. They have various symptoms: some have skin infections and lesions, some have necrosis of intestines, and some have lung infections. You aren’t concerned because the symptoms don’t seem connected. However, your clinical microbiologist fears an outbreak in your city. What microbe did the clinical microbiologist identify causing infection in all 3 of your patients?
- AYersinia pestis
- BSalmonella typhimurium
- CBordetella pertussis
- DBacillus anthracis
- EShigella flexneri
6What are the major virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis?
- Athe anthrax toxins
- Ban antiphagocytic polyglutamic capsule
- CYop
7How do the three anthrax toxins participate in pathogenesis?
- AThey alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages
- BThey migrate to the regional lymph nodes, are phagocytosed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, and multiply intracellularly.
- CThey silence the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and cause apoptotic death of the infected macrophages
- DThey penetrate intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enter the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection
8[blank_start]PA[blank_end] binds to cellular receptors to translocate [blank_start]LF[blank_end] and [blank_start]EF[blank_end] into cells.
- APA
- BLF
- CEF
9What activates the virulence factors in Bacillus anthracis?
- Aincrease in bicarbonate
- Bactivation of AtxA
- Cchange in temperature
10[blank_start]Bacillus anthracis[blank_end]: [blank_start]gram-positive[blank_end], [blank_start]spore-forming[blank_end], causes anthrax
[blank_start]Yersinia pestis[blank_end]: [blank_start]gram-negative[blank_end], [blank_start]non-sporulating[blank_end], rod shape, [blank_start]causes the plague[blank_end]
[blank_start]Treponema pallidum[blank_end]: gram-negative, [blank_start]spirochete[blank_end], [blank_start]causes syphilis[blank_end]- ABacillus anthracis
- BYersinia pestis
- CTreponema pallidum
- Dgram-negative
- Egram-positive
- Fspore-forming
- Gnon-sporulating
- Hspirochete
- Icauses the plague
- Jcauses syphilis
11Fill in the blanks for the stages of syphilis.
[blank_start]Latent:[blank_end] no signs, but still infected
[blank_start]Secondary[blank_end]: skin rashes, mucous membrane lesions, fever, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches, etc. (“The Great Imposter”)
[blank_start]Tertiary (years later)[blank_end]: damage to internal organs (heart, eyes, brain)
[blank_start]Primary[blank_end]: sores at site of infection- ALatent:
- BSecondary
- CTertiary
- DQuaternary
- ESecondary
- FPrimary
- GLatent
- HAcute
- ITertiary
- JTertiary (years later)
- KQuaternary (years later)
- LLatent (years later)
- MDormant (years later)
- NPrimary
- OSecondary
- PAcute
- QLatent
12Yersinia pestis rapidly penetrates intact mucous membranes or microscopic dermal abrasions and, within a few hours, enters the lymphatics and blood to produce systemic infection
- ATrue
- BFalse
13[blank_start]T. pallidum[blank_end] evades the immune system via antigenic variation of [blank_start]TprK,[blank_end] a surface-exposed protein
On contact with host macrophages, [blank_start]Yersinia pestis[blank_end] injects [blank_start]Yops[blank_end] resulting in the silencing of the pro-inflammatory cytokine response and in apoptotic death of the infected macrophages
In [blank_start]Bacillus anthracis[blank_end], [blank_start]protective antigen[blank_end] binds to cellular receptors to translocate [blank_start]lethal factor[blank_end] and [blank_start]edema factor[blank_end] into cells. The toxins alter cell signaling pathways in the host to interfere with innate immune responses in early stages of infection and to induce vascular collapse at late stages.- AT. pallidum
- BTprK,
- CYersinia pestis
- DYops
- EBacillus anthracis
- Fprotective antigen
- Glethal factor
- Hedema factor
14Which transmission routes are possible for Bacillus anthracis?
- ARespiratory tract
- BDirect contact
- CMother to fetus
- DIngestion
- Ea, b, and d
15What are the possible transmission routes for Yersinia pestis?
- AInhalation
- BIngestion
- CBlood
- DLesions
16Which of the following methods of contact would result in transmission of syphilis?
- ASexual contact with infectious lesions
- BMother to fetus in utero
- CBlood product transfusion
- DPhysical touch with unbroken skin of infected person
- EInfected person coughs near uninfected person
17What is the secretion system of Yersinia pestis?
- AType I
- BType II
- CType III
- DType IV
18Which of the following pathogens does not have endotoxin?
- ABacillus anthracis
- BYersinia pestis
- CSalmonella typhimurium
- DAll of the above
19Yersiniz pestis [blank_start]lesions[blank_end], [blank_start]skin infection[blank_end], [blank_start]lung infection[blank_end]
Bacillus anthracis [blank_start]necrosis of intestines[blank_end], [blank_start]lung damage[blank_end], skin infection
Treponema pallidum [blank_start]inflamed arteries[blank_end], sores on hands, [blank_start]fever[blank_end], [blank_start]headache[blank_end]- Alesions
- Bskin infection
- Clung infection
- Dnecrosis of intestines
- Elung damage
- Finflamed arteries
- Gfever
- Hheadache
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- W10Th
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- Amanda A
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- English
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