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Physiology of Pregnancy and the Peurperium

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Physiology of pregnancy and the peurperium given on tuesday of week 3
Matthew Coulson
Quiz by Matthew Coulson, updated more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
A Morula is an early stage embryo consisting of [blank_start]16[blank_end] cells
Answer
  • 16
  • 4
  • 8
  • 20
  • 24

Question 2

Question
Layers of the blastocyst: [blank_start]Trophoblast[blank_end] = Surface layer of cells of the blastocyst that penetrate the endometrium in order for implantation to occur [blank_start]Inner Cell Mass[blank_end] = This part of the blastocyst goes on to become the embryo after implantation in the uterus
Answer
  • Trophoblast
  • Inner Cell Mass

Question 3

Question
Which layer of the blastocyst goes on to become the placenta?
Answer
  • Trophoblast
  • Inner Cell Mass

Question 4

Question
In order for implantation to occur, the trophoblastic cells of the blastocyst burrow into which layer of the uterus? The [blank_start]Endometrium[blank_end]
Answer
  • Endometrium

Question 5

Question
When implantation is finished the blastocyst is completely buried within the endometrial layer.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
The [blank_start]decidua[blank_end] is the uterine lining (endometrium) during a pregnancy, which forms the maternal part of the placenta
Answer
  • decidua

Question 7

Question
The outermost membrane surrounding an embryo formed by Trophoblastic cells is known as the [blank_start]Chorion[blank_end]
Answer
  • Chorion

Question 8

Question
The placenta and the foetal heart are both fully functional by the [blank_start]5th[blank_end] week of pregnancy
Answer
  • 5th
  • 12th
  • 24th
  • 20th

Question 9

Question
Which hormone signals the corpus luteum to continue to secrete progesterone in order to maintain the endometrium?
Answer
  • Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
  • Oestrogen
  • FSH
  • LH
  • Testosterone

Question 10

Question
Trophoblastic cells differentiate into syncytiotrophoblasts which invade the decidua in order to break down capillaries and to allow direct contact between foetal and maternal blood.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
The small capillary projections the embryo sends into the syncytiotrophoblast maternal blood filled regions are known as placental [blank_start]villi[blank_end]
Answer
  • villi

Question 12

Question
Which hormone, released by the corpus luteum, stimulates the endometrium to concentrate glycogen, protein and lipids? [blank_start]Progesterone[blank_end]
Answer
  • Progesterone

Question 13

Question
During foetal development, the lungs are deflated. Which structure allows gas exchange whilst such development is occurring? The [blank_start]Placenta[blank_end]
Answer
  • Placenta

Question 14

Question
Oxygen saturated blood reaches the foetus via the [blank_start]umbilical[blank_end] [blank_start]vein[blank_end] after saturation from maternal blood.
Answer
  • umbilical
  • uterine
  • vein
  • artery

Question 15

Question
Foetal haemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen and thus the mother is required to provide the foetus with increased amounts of oxygen.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
There is a higher concentration of haemoglobin in the foetal blood
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
In the umbilical cord, there [blank_start]are 2 umbilical arteries[blank_end] and [blank_start]1 umbilical vein[blank_end]
Answer
  • are 2 umbilical arteries
  • is 1 umbilical artery
  • 1 umbilical vein
  • 2 umbilical veins

Question 18

Question
Which blood vessel(s) carries oxygen rich blood from the placenta to the foetus via the umbilical cord? The umbilical [blank_start]vein[blank_end]
Answer
  • vein
  • arteries

Question 19

Question
Which vessel(s) carries poorly oxygenated blood from the foetus to the placenta via the umbilical cord? Umbilical [blank_start]arteries[blank_end]
Answer
  • arteries
  • vein

Question 20

Question
After gas exchange has occurred at the placenta so that the umbilical vein has been perfused with oxygen to go to the foetus, which veins drain the now deoxygenated maternal blood back towards the mother's heart? The [blank_start]Uterine[blank_end] Veins
Answer
  • Uterine

Question 21

Question
Why does foetal haemoglobin have a higher affinity for oxygen than adult haemoglobin?
Answer
  • Foetal blood has lower CO2 levels thus leading to a left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve
  • Foetal blood is less acidic thus leading to a left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve
  • Foetal haemoglobin interacts less with 2,3-diphosphoglycerate thus leading to a left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve
  • Foetal blood is a lower temperature than adult blood thus leading to a left shift in the oxygen dissociation curve

Question 22

Question
Which hormone prevents the degeneration of the corpus luteum?
Answer
  • hCG
  • Oestrogen
  • Testosterone

Question 23

Question
Electrolytes such as Calcium and Iron follow the osmotic gradient and thus these nutrients never pass from foetus to mother during pregnancy.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
Which three of the following statements are true about Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin (hCS)
Answer
  • It is produced as of Week 5 of pregnancy
  • It is produced as of week 8 of pregnancy
  • It decreases insulin sensitivity in the mother, allowing more glucose to be available to the foetus
  • It has a direct effect on the testes of the male foetus, aiding the development of the male sex organs
  • It is directly involved in the development of the breasts during pregnancy
  • It prevents degradation of the corpus luteum by promoting progesterone secretion

Question 25

Question
Which of the following hormones has a very similar structure to TSH and binds to thyroid receptors in some cases leading to Hyperthyroidism in some pregnant women?
Answer
  • hCG
  • Progesterone
  • Oestrogen
  • FSH
  • LH

Question 26

Question
Pregnancy causes an increased demand for Calcium in the body. This can predispose to which endocrine condition? [blank_start]Hyperparathyroidism[blank_end]
Answer
  • Hyperparathyroidism

Question 27

Question
During pregnancy, along with the increased heart rate and cardiac output, the blood pressure of the mother typically [blank_start]decreases[blank_end]
Answer
  • decreases
  • increases

Question 28

Question
Which two clinical signs are the main indicators of pre-eclampsia? (give in alphabetical order) [blank_start]Hypertension[blank_end] [blank_start]Proteinuria[blank_end]
Answer
  • Hypertension
  • Proteinuria

Question 29

Question
As well as hypertension and proteinuria, pre-eclampsia is also commonly marked by oedema formation in which two of the following areas?
Answer
  • Hands
  • Feet
  • Face
  • Sacrum
  • Lungs

Question 30

Question
Eclampsia (extreme pre-eclampsia) is lethal without treatment
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Which three of the following commonly occur due to eclampsia?
Answer
  • Extreme hypotension
  • Extreme hypertension
  • Coma
  • Chronic Seizures
  • Vomiting
  • Muscular spasming
  • Umbilical herniation
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias

Question 32

Question
What is the best treatment for pre-eclampsia if the woman is approaching or has reached term?
Answer
  • Anti-hypertensives (e.g. labetalol)
  • Early delivery of baby
  • Vasodilating medications

Question 33

Question
Pregnant woman require how many extra calories a day (kcal)?
Answer
  • 1500-2000 kcal
  • 1000-1250 kcal
  • 250-300 kcal
  • 500-750 kcal

Question 34

Question
During which trimester is a woman most likely to develop gestational diabetes?
Answer
  • 1st trimester
  • 2nd trimester
  • 3rd trimester

Question 35

Question
Which supplement is given to pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects? [blank_start]Folic acid[blank_end] supplementation
Answer
  • Folic acid

Question 36

Question
The term for the birth of a baby is [blank_start]Parturition[blank_end]
Answer
  • Parturition

Question 37

Question
During parturition, which hormone can be given in order to increase the power of a woman's contractions? [blank_start]Oxytocin[blank_end] Intramuscular injection
Answer
  • Oxytocin

Question 38

Question
A woman with a multiple pregnancy (e.g. twins, triplets, etc) is more likely to have an early delivery due to the fact that stretching of the uterus actively increases its likelihood for its musculature to contract.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Braxton Hicks contractions indicate the beginning of labour.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
During which trimester do Braxton Hicks contractions typically occur?
Answer
  • 1st trimester
  • 2nd trimester
  • 3rd trimester

Question 41

Question
Stages of labour: 1st Stage: Cervical dilation [blank_start](8-24 hours)[blank_end] 2nd Stage: passage through birth canal [blank_start](few mins - 120 mins)[blank_end] 3rd Stage: Expulsion of placenta
Answer
  • (few mins - 120 mins)
  • (8-24 hours)
  • (8-24 hours)
  • (few mins - 120 mins)

Question 42

Question
During labour the cervix typically dilates at around [blank_start]1cm[blank_end] per hour
Answer
  • 1cm
  • 0.5cm
  • 2cm
  • 3cm

Question 43

Question
At birth there is a sudden drop in progesterone and oestrogen levels. This allows which pituitary hormone to stimulate lactation? [blank_start]Prolactin[blank_end]
Answer
  • Prolactin

Question 44

Question
As well as prolactin, which other pituitary hormone is key to lactation via promotion of smooth muscle contraction within the breast? [blank_start]Oxytocin[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oxytocin

Question 45

Question
It has been scientifically proven that the sound of a child's cry increases the production of which two hormones, thus increasing a woman's likelihood to lactate? (alphabetical order) [blank_start]Oxytocin[blank_end] [blank_start]Prolactin[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oxytocin
  • Prolactin

Question 46

Question
The milk 'let down' reflex is in regard to which pituitary hormone? [blank_start]Oxytocin[blank_end]
Answer
  • Oxytocin
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