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Applied linguistic 2001

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test from 2001
Ros Agnieszka
Quiz by Ros Agnieszka, updated more than 1 year ago
Ros Agnieszka
Created by Ros Agnieszka almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
01. The view of first language acqusition (FLA) as represented in a model by Chomsky (1965) is the following: ? -> LAD -> G - What is the missing component?
Answer
  • A. Primary Linguistic Data
  • B. Universal Grammar
  • C. General Cognitive Mechanism
  • D. Linguistic Competence

Question 2

Question
02. The capacity to understand and produce language is concentrated for most children in
Answer
  • A. the left brain hemisphere
  • B. both hemispheres
  • C. the right brain hemisphere
  • D. brain areas not investigated yet

Question 3

Question
03. Interference is thought to be the result of
Answer
  • A. Negative transfer
  • B. Fossilization
  • C. Backsliding
  • D. Proactive inhibition

Question 4

Question
04. Which personality feature is part of the Affective Filter Hypothesis?
Answer
  • A. Anxiety
  • B. Empathy
  • C. Risk-taking
  • D. Inhibition

Question 5

Question
05. According to the Capability Continuum Model of SLA (Tarone 1988), we can predict that the use of the third person singular -s will be most frequent in the following contexts
Answer
  • A. simple and careful
  • B. simple and vernacular
  • C. complex and careful
  • D. complex and vernacular

Question 6

Question
06. Chunks of language that are stored as complete or partially analysed units are called:
Answer
  • A. formulas
  • B. prototypes
  • C. illocutionary acts
  • D. vertical constructions

Question 7

Question
07. A model of language that views L2 acquisition as involving a complex network of interconnections between units rather than rules is referred to as
Answer
  • A. processibility theory
  • B. the Modularity Model
  • C. parallel distibuted processing
  • D. Parameter-setting model

Question 8

Question
08. The process by which learners utilise discourse to help them construct structures which remain outside learners' competence is described as
Answer
  • A. inferencing
  • B. scaffolding
  • C. paraphrasing
  • D. hypothesis-testing

Question 9

Question
09. Which theory of language acquisition accepts the notion of 'poverty of the stimulus'?
Answer
  • A. Humanist
  • B. Error Analysis
  • C. Mentalist
  • D. Neurofunctional

Question 10

Question
10. The use of 'writed' in place of 'wrote' is an example of
Answer
  • A. transfer
  • B. interference
  • C. overgeneralization
  • D. overuse

Question 11

Question
11. The vernacular is the style in which
Answer
  • A. minimum attention is given to monitoring speech
  • B. maximum attention is given to monitoring speech
  • C. a learner uses the most comples linguistic forms
  • D. a learner uses the least complex linguistic forms

Question 12

Question
12. Speech patterns of New Yorkers were examined by Labov (1970). Which of the following models of competence did he use?
Answer
  • A. homogeneous
  • B. heterogeneous
  • C. dual
  • D. none of the above

Question 13

Question
13. Indicate the one individual learner factor which can be modified?
Answer
  • A. aptitude
  • B. age
  • C. learning style
  • D. motivation

Question 14

Question
14. Rate and success of SLA seem to be strongly influenced by the age of the learner. Snow and Hoefnagel-Hohle (1978) found out that Duth L2 learners who learnt most rapidly were in the following age group:
Answer
  • A. 4 to 11 years
  • B. 12 to 15 years
  • C. 16 to 21 years
  • D. over 21

Question 15

Question
15. A field-dependent person can be characterised as
Answer
  • A. analytic
  • B. inhibited
  • C. holistic
  • D. more successful in naturalistic SLA

Question 16

Question
16. A sort of defensiveness associated with increased self-consciousness which discourages risk-taking necessary for obtaining input is referred to as
Answer
  • A. anomie
  • B. alienation
  • C. empathy
  • D. inhibition

Question 17

Question
17. Which of the following statements about the nature of "motherease" is not true?
Answer
  • A. The way mothers talk to their children influences how correctly they use the language
  • B. The way mothers talk to their children influences how rapidly they acquire the language
  • C. Parents have a general idea of their child's linguistic ability
  • D. One of the main functions of 'motherease' is language teaching

Question 18

Question
18. In the process of inferencing a new rule is
Answer
  • A. derived by means of transfer
  • B. derived by means of overgeneralisation
  • C. induced from the input
  • D. induced from the output

Question 19

Question
19. When the learner has a problem locating the required item but decides to persevere (waiting, using semantic field or other languages), he uses:
Answer
  • A. co-operative strategies
  • B. non-cooperative strategies
  • C. reduction strategies
  • D. retrieval strategies

Question 20

Question
20. Which of the following adjectives are marked? (1) fast (2) slow (3) young (4) old
Answer
  • A. (1) and (2)
  • B. (3) and (4)
  • C. (2) and (3)
  • D. (1) and (4)

Question 21

Question
21. Which of the following is not one of the typological universals?
Answer
  • A. substantive
  • B. implicational
  • C. functional
  • D. formal

Question 22

Question
22. What prediction can you make about the transfer from L1 to L2? (M) Marked (U) unmarked. What is X and Y?
Image:
f09d8977-f832-4e51-895c-5448578a2460 (image/jpg)
Answer
  • A (X=U, Y=U)
  • B (X=M, Y=U)
  • C (X=U, Y=M)
  • D (X=M, Y=M)

Question 23

Question
23. Consciousness-raising is a type of instruction designed to make a learner aware of
Answer
  • A. specific linguistic features
  • B. the setting of the target language
  • C. learners' needs
  • D. the nature of language learning

Question 24

Question
24. Carroll distinguishes four components of foreign language aptitude. These are the following abilities: phonemic coding, inductive language learning, rote learning and
Answer
  • A. language processing
  • B. grammatical sensitivity
  • C. verbal intelligence
  • D. associative learning

Question 25

Question
25. In Krashen's view aptitude pertains to
Answer
  • A. acquisition
  • B. learning
  • C. acquisition and learning
  • D. neither acquistion nor learning

Question 26

Question
26. According to Cummins (1979), cognitive academic language proficiency is part of
Answer
  • A. LAD
  • B. verbal intelligence
  • C. FL aptitude
  • D. cognitive organizer

Question 27

Question
27. Conscious application of rules to produce and understand the L2 is referred to as
Answer
  • A. induction
  • B. elaboration
  • C. deduction
  • D. association

Question 28

Question
28. The learner replaces one L2 form with another (poodle>dog). This is the example of an achievement strategy referred to as
Answer
  • A. paraphrase
  • B. substitution
  • C. word coinage
  • D. convergence

Question 29

Question
29. Memory strategies are usually classified as
Answer
  • A. direct
  • B. indirect
  • C. implicit
  • D. explicit

Question 30

Question
30. Which of the following statements is not true?
Answer
  • A. Teachers low down their rate of speech when talking to learners
  • B. Teachers use more self-repetitions with beginning learners
  • C. Formal adjustments occur at all language levels
  • D. Ungrammatical speech modifications occur at all language levels

Question 31

Question
31. The error in the sentence 'The boy broked the window' is an example of
Answer
  • A. omission
  • B. addition
  • C. misinformation
  • D. misordering

Question 32

Question
32. Which theory explains SLA in terms of the degree of social nad psychological distance between a learner and the target language group?
Answer
  • A. Accommodation Model
  • B. The Acculturation Theory
  • C. Interface Position
  • D. Neurofunctional Theory

Question 33

Question
33. Which of the following linguists views second language acquistion in terms of conversational strategies used to negotiate meaning in constructing a discourse?
Answer
  • A. Corder
  • B. Hatch
  • C. Rutherford
  • D. Ellis

Question 34

Question
34. Which of the following linguists views second language acquistion in terms of a 'non-interface position'?
Answer
  • A. Tarone
  • B. Long
  • C. Krashen
  • D. Ellis

Question 35

Question
35. Which of the following linguists views second language acqusition in terms of a 'variable competence model'?
Answer
  • A. Chomsky
  • B. Selinker
  • C. Larsen Freeman
  • D. Ellis

Question 36

Question
36. The speaker-hearer's internalised grammar, according to Chomsky (1965), consists of
Answer
  • A. a genetically endowed acquisition device
  • B. a general cognivite mechanism
  • C. mental representation of linguistic rules
  • D. comprehension and production of language

Question 37

Question
37. In mentalist theories of language acquisition, a set of innate linguistic principles which control the form which the sentences of any language can take are referred to as
Answer
  • A. primary lingusitic data
  • B. Language Acquistion Device
  • C. the Universal Grammar
  • D. Lingusitic Competence

Question 38

Question
38. In which of the following statements is the incremental nature of child's language acquistion evident?
Answer
  • A. Only homo sapiens is capable of language learning
  • B. Language exists as an independent faculty
  • C. The process of acquistion consists of hypothesis-formation
  • D. Knowledge of the grammatical system is build up in steps.

Question 39

Question
39. The term interlanguage is also described as
Answer
  • A. regressive competence
  • B. restructuring device
  • C. trnasitional competence
  • D. capability continuum

Question 40

Question
40. According to Selinker (poprawione na Lenneberg), adult learners successfully achieve native-speaker proficiency by
Answer
  • A. reactivating the latent language structure
  • B. overcoming the age of resonance
  • C. avoiding proactive inhibition
  • D. employing communiaction strategies

Question 41

Question
41. Language-learner language is permeable (Corder 1967), which means that it is
Answer
  • A. predictable
  • B. open to improvement
  • C. idiosyncratic
  • D. static

Question 42

Question
42. The comprehension of the system of beliefs and values shared by the TL group participants is part of
Answer
  • A. pragmatic competence
  • B. acculturation
  • C. situational context
  • D. pidginization

Question 43

Question
43. When a speaker uses a rule that belongs to an earlier stage of development, he is using a strategy know as
Answer
  • A. evasion
  • B. backsliding
  • C. back-formation
  • D. discourse repair

Question 44

Question
44. The learner's ability to recover rules from memory and to use them spontaneously while processing utterances is known as
Answer
  • A. channel capacity
  • B. projection device
  • C. cognitive style
  • D. processibility device

Question 45

Question
45. Which of the following statements about cognitive organizer is not true?
Answer
  • A. It is part of the learner's processing system
  • B. It is responsible for turning intake into output
  • C. It operates subconsiously
  • D. It is responsible for organising input into a system

Question 46

Question
46. Some learners cease to develop while still short of target-language competence. This phenomenon is called
Answer
  • A. amnesia
  • B. atrophy
  • C. aphasia
  • D. fossilization

Question 47

Question
47. Strategies that children use in L1 acquistion such as 'avoidance of exceptions' and 'rearrangement of linguistic units' (Slobin 1973) are referred to as
Answer
  • A. item acquisition
  • B. system learning
  • C. operating principles
  • D. parallel development

Question 48

Question
48. What is accessibility hierarchy?
Answer
  • A. The ranking of grammatical morphemes according to the accuracy with thich they occur.
  • B. The ranking of grammatical morphemes according to when each morpheme is acquired
  • C. The identification by the learner of a function performed by means of a particular form
  • D. An implicational ordering of relative pronoun functions in terms of their degree of markedness

Question 49

Question
49. The L2 knowledge of which a learner is unaware and which he cannot verbalise is called
Answer
  • A. implicit
  • B. explicit
  • C. implied
  • D. metacognitive

Question 50

Question
50. The process by which speakers make their speech similar to their interlocutors' speech is referred to as
Answer
  • A. divergence
  • B. accommodation
  • C. assimilation
  • D. convergence
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