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5. The Structure of Atoms

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The Structure of Atoms
Dodong Aleta
Quiz by Dodong Aleta, updated more than 1 year ago
Dodong Aleta
Created by Dodong Aleta almost 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
He found that passing electric current through some substances caused them to decompose, suggesting that the elements of a chemical compound are held together by electrical forces.
Answer
  • Humphry Davy
  • Michael Faraday
  • George Stoney
  • J.J. Thompson

Question 2

Question
He determined the quantitative relationship between the amount of electricity used in electrolysis and the amount of chemical reactions occurring.
Answer
  • Humphry Davy
  • Michael Faraday
  • George Stoney
  • J.J. Thompson

Question 3

Question
He suggested that the units of electrical charge associated with atoms be named electrons.
Answer
  • Humphry Davy
  • Michael Faraday
  • George Stoney
  • J.J. Thompson

Question 4

Question
He performed the cathode-ray tube experiment and determined the ratio of the charge of the electron to its mass, which is 1.75882x10^8 Coulomb/gram.
Answer
  • Humphry Davy
  • Michael Faraday
  • George Stoney
  • J.J. Thompson

Question 5

Question
He determined the charge of the electron through the famous "oil-drop experiment," in which he found that the charge of one electron was 1.60218x10^-19 Coulomb.
Answer
  • J.J. Thompson
  • Robert Millikan
  • Eugen Goldstein
  • Ernest Rutherford

Question 6

Question
He observed that the cathode-ray tube also produced positively charged particles, created when gaseous atoms lose electrons. This led to the idea of a unit positive charge residing in the proton.
Answer
  • J.J. Thompson
  • Robert Millikan
  • Eugen Goldstein
  • Ernest Rutherford

Question 7

Question
He discovered through the gold foil experiment that atoms consists of very small, very dense positively charged nuclei surrounded by clouds of electrons of relatively large distances from the nuclei.
Answer
  • J.J. Thompson
  • Robert Millikan
  • Eugen Goldstein
  • Ernest Rutherford

Question 8

Question
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines its identity; this number is known as the __.
Answer
  • atomic mass
  • atomic number
  • mass number
  • nucleon number

Question 9

Question
These are atoms of the same element with different masses; they are atoms containing the same number of protons but different numbers of protons.
Answer
  • Allotropes
  • Isomers
  • Isotopes
  • Stereoisomers

Question 10

Question
It is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Answer
  • Atomic Mass
  • Atomic Number
  • Mass Number
  • Nucleon Number

Question 11

Question
These are instruments that measure the charge-to-mass ratio of charged particles.
Answer
  • Chromatographs
  • Electron Microscopes
  • Mass Spectrometers
  • This technology does not yet exist.

Question 12

Question
The Group 1A of the elements, except H, are called the __.
Answer
  • alkali metals
  • alkaline earth metals
  • halogens
  • noble (or rare) gases

Question 13

Question
The Group 2A elements are called the __.
Answer
  • alkali metals
  • alkaline earth metals
  • halogens
  • noble (or rare) gases

Question 14

Question
Group 7A elements are called __, which means "salt formers."
Answer
  • alkali metals
  • alkaline earth metals
  • halogens
  • noble (or rare) gases

Question 15

Question
The Group 8A elements are called __.
Answer
  • alkali metals
  • alkaline earth metals
  • halogens
  • noble (or rare) gases

Question 16

Question
__ character increases from top to bottom, and decreases from left to right. The opposite is the trend for __.
Answer
  • Metallic nonmetallc
  • Nonmetallic metallic
  • This question does not make sense.
  • This will never be asked in the November 2015 board exam.

Question 17

Question
__ show some properties that are characteristic of both metals and nonmetals. Many of these elements are semiconductors.
Answer
  • Metals
  • Nonmetals
  • Metalloids
  • Noble gases

Question 18

Question
Semiconductors are insulators at __ temperatures, but conductors at __ temperatures.
Answer
  • higher lower
  • lower higher
  • varying varying
  • any any

Question 19

Question
The conductivities of metals __ with __ temperature.
Answer
  • increase decreasing
  • decrease increasing
  • increase increasing
  • decrease decreasing

Question 20

Question
__ is the least metallic of the metals and is sometimes classified as a metalloid. It is metallic in appearance and an excellent conductor of electricity.
Answer
  • Aluminum
  • Barium
  • Gallium
  • Silicon

Question 21

Question
The __ is the distance between any two adjacent identical points of a wave.
Answer
  • amplitude
  • frequency
  • wavelength
  • None of the above

Question 22

Question
The __ is the number of wave crests passing a given point per unit time.
Answer
  • amplitude
  • frequency
  • wavelength
  • None of the above

Question 23

Question
Wavelength and frequency are __ proportional to each other.
Answer
  • directly
  • inversely
  • irregularly
  • Scientists have not yet discovered the answer.

Question 24

Question
It is a form of energy that consists of electric and magnetic fields that vary repetitively at right angles to each other.
Answer
  • Electrical energy
  • Electromagnetic radiation
  • Heat
  • Kinetic energy

Question 25

Question
It was __ that first recorded the separation of sunlight into its component colors by allowing it to pass through a glass prism.
Answer
  • Albert Einstein
  • Isaac Newton
  • J.J. Thompson
  • Michael Faraday

Question 26

Question
It is a region in space which the probability of finding an electron is high.
Answer
  • Atomic orbital
  • Nuclear orbital
  • Electronic region
  • Nuclear region

Question 27

Question
Each of the possible states of electrons is described by four quantum numbers. We can use theses quantum numbers to designate electronic arrangements in all atoms, their so-called __.
Answer
  • electron configurations
  • electron orbitals
  • electron cloud
  • periodic arrangement

Question 28

Question
This quantum number describes the main energy level, or shell, that an electron occupies. It may be any positive integer: 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
Answer
  • Principal quantum number (m)
  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)
  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)
  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Question 29

Question
Within a shell, different sublevels or subshells are possible, each with a characteristic shape. This quantum number designates a sublevel, or specific shape of atomic orbital that an electron may occupy. This number may take integral values from 0 up to and including (n-1): 0, 1, 2, ... , (n-1)
Answer
  • Principal quantum number (n)
  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)
  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)
  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Question 30

Question
This quantum number designates a specific orbital within a subshell. Within each subshell, it may take any integral values from -l through zero up to and including +l: (-l), ..., 0, ..., (+l)
Answer
  • Principal quantum number (n)
  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)
  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)
  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Question 31

Question
This quantum number refers to the spin of an electron and the orientation of the magnetic field produced by this spin. For every set of quantum numbers (except this one), it can take the value of +1/2 or -1/2.
Answer
  • Principal quantum number (n)
  • Angular momentum quantum number (l)
  • Magnetic quantum number (m_l)
  • Spin quantum number (m_s)

Question 32

Question
It corresponds to the electron configuration of an isolated atom in its lowest energy or unexcited state.
Answer
  • Combined state
  • Ground state
  • Stable state
  • Steady state

Question 33

Question
Each atom of an element is "built-up" by (1) progressively adding the appropriate number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus as specified by the atomic and mass numbers, and (2) adding the necessary number of electrons into orbitals in the way that gives the lowest total energy for the atom.
Answer
  • Aufbau Principle
  • Pauli Exclusion Principle
  • Hund's Rule
  • Periodic Law

Question 34

Question
No two electrons in an atom may have identical sets of four quantum numbers.
Answer
  • Aufbau Principle
  • Pauli Exclusion Principle
  • Hund's Rule
  • Periodic Law

Question 35

Question
Electrons occupy all the orbitals of a given subshell singly before paring begins. These unpaired electrons have parallel spins.
Answer
  • Aufbau Principle
  • Pauli Exclusion Principle
  • Hund's Rule
  • Periodic Law

Question 36

Question
Substances that contain unpaired electrons are weakly attracted into magnetic fields and are said to be __.
Answer
  • diamagnetic
  • ferromagnetic
  • metamagnetic
  • paramagnetic

Question 37

Question
Those which all electrons are paired are very weakly repelled by magnetic fields, and are called __.
Answer
  • diamagnetic
  • ferromagnetic
  • metamagnetic
  • paramagnetic

Question 38

Question
__ is much stronger than paramagnetism, such that it allows a substance to become permanently magnetized when placed in a magnetic field. Only three free elements exhibit this.
Answer
  • Diamagnetism
  • Ferromagnetism
  • Metamagnetism
  • Paramagnetism

Question 39

Question
It is an assembly of two protons and two neutrons.
Answer
  • Alpha Particle
  • Beta Particle
  • Gamma Particle
  • Higgs-Boson Particle

Question 40

Question
These are two or more orbitals that have the same energy.
Answer
  • Degenerate orbitals
  • Isoelectronic orbitals
  • Isokinetic orbitals
  • Regenerative orbitals
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