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QDM Final

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QDM final quizzes
Dakota Hippern
Quiz by Dakota Hippern, updated more than 1 year ago
Dakota Hippern
Created by Dakota Hippern almost 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of the following can be achieved through quality improvements?
Answer
  • Flexible/competitive pricing
  • Lower warranty costs
  • Lower rework and scrap costs
  • Increased productivity
  • Increased Reputation
  • All of the above

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is NOT one of the major categories of costs associated with quality?
Answer
  • Internal Failure costs
  • Appraisal costs
  • Prevention costs
  • External failure costs
  • None of the above; they are all major categories of costs associated with quality

Question 3

Question
Poka-yoke is the Japanese term for:
Answer
  • Foolproof
  • Continuous improvement
  • Fishbone diagram
  • Card
  • Just-in-time production

Question 4

Question
A checklist is a simplistic form of:
Answer
  • poka-yoke
  • check sheet
  • kanban
  • Pareto chart
  • Kaizen

Question 5

Question
Which of the following is not a typical inspection point?
Answer
  • when production or service is complete
  • after a costly process
  • upon receipt of goods from your supplier
  • at the supplier's plant while the supplier is producing
  • before the product is shipped to the customer

Question 6

Question
To become ISO 9000 certified, organizations must:
Answer
  • Have an onsite assessment
  • document quality procedures
  • have an ongoing series of audits of their products or service
  • all of the above
  • none of the above

Question 7

Question
Based on his 14 Points, Deming is a strong proponent of:
Answer
  • looking for the cheapest supplier
  • training and knowledge
  • an increase in numerical quotas to boost productivity
  • all of the above

Question 8

Question
Total quality management emphasizes:
Answer
  • a commitment to quality that goes beyond internal company issues to supplier and customers
  • the responsibility of the quality control staff to identify and solve all quality-related problems
  • a process where mostly statisticians get involved
  • a system where strong managers are the only decision makers
  • ISO 14000 certification

Question 9

Question
Kaizen principle is focused on continuous improvement
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 10

Question
One of the ways that just-in-time (or JIT) influences quality is that by reducing inventory, bad quality is exposed
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
The process of identifying other organizations that are best at some facet of your operations and then modeling your organization after them is known as:
Answer
  • patent infringement
  • copycatting
  • benchmarking
  • employee empowerment
  • continuous improvement

Question 12

Question
A Three Sigma program has how many defects per million?
Answer
  • 3
  • 34
  • 1500
  • 2700
  • 3 times the standard deviation

Question 13

Question
If 1 million passengers pass through the St.Louis Airport with checked baggage each month, a successful Six Sigma program for baggage handling would result in how many passengers with misplaced luggage?
Answer
  • 6 times the monthly standard deviation of passengers
  • 3.4
  • 2700
  • 34
  • 6

Question 14

Question
Techniques for building employee empowerment include:
Answer
  • developing open, supportive supervisors
  • building high-morale organizations
  • building communication networks that include employees
  • moving responsibility from both managers and staff to production employees
  • all of the above are techniques for employee empowerment

Question 15

Question
Pareto charts are a graphical way of identifying the few critical items from the many less important ones
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
A cause-and-effect Diagram helps identify the sources of a problem
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
Among the tools of TQM, the tool ordinarily used to aid in understanding the sequence of events through which a product travels is a:
Answer
  • flowchart
  • Pareto chart
  • check sheet
  • poka-yoke
  • Taguchi map

Question 18

Question
A fishbone chart is also known as a:
Answer
  • kaizen diagram
  • cause-and-effect diagram
  • poka-yoke diagram
  • Taguchi diagram
  • Kanban diagram

Question 19

Question
A manager tells her production employees, "It's no longer good enough that your work falls anywhere within the specification limits. I need your work to be as close to the target value as possible." Her thinking is reflective of:
Answer
  • internal benchmarking
  • Six Sigma
  • Process control charts
  • ISO 9000
  • Taguchi concepts

Question 20

Question
Which of the following is FALSE regarding control charts?
Answer
  • control charts graphically present data
  • values above the upper control limits imply that the product's quality is exceeding expectations
  • control charts plot data over time
  • control charts are built so that new data can be quickly compared to past performance data
  • None of the above is false

Question 21

Question
Some degree of variability is present in almost all processes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
The Central Limit Theorem states that when the sample size increases, the distribution of the sample means (x-bars) will approach the normal distribution
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
In statistical process control, the range is often used as a substitute for the standard deviation
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
The purpose of an x-bar chart is to determine whether there has been a:
Answer
  • change in the percent defective in a sample
  • change in the number of defects in a sample
  • change in the central tendency (mean) of the process output
  • change in the dispersion (variability) of the process output
  • change in the AOQ

Question 25

Question
If the process average is in control, range must also be in control
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
Mean (x-bar) charts and range (R) charts complement one another, one detecting shifts in process average, the other detecting shifts in process dispersion.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
The p-chart is appropriate to plot the number of typographic errors per page of text.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
A c-chart is appropriate to plot the number of flaws in a bolt of fabric
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
The upper and lower limits for diving ring diameters made by John's Swimming Co. are 40 and 39 cm., respectively. John took 11 samples with the following average diameters (39, 39.1, 39.2, 39.3, 39.4, 39.5, 39.6, 39.7, 39.8, 39.9, 40). Is this process in control?
Answer
  • Yes, no diameters exceeded the control limits
  • No, some diameters exceeded the control limits
  • No, the range is not in control
  • No, there is a distinguishable pattern to the samples
  • There is not enough information to make a decision

Question 30

Question
A process that is assumed to be in control with limits of 89 +/- 2 had sample averages for the x-bar chart of the following: 87.1, 87, 87.2, 89, 90, 88.5, 89.5, and 88. Is the process in control?
Answer
  • Not enough information to tell
  • Yes
  • No, there is a distinguishable trend
  • No, two or more consecutive points are very near the lower (or upper) limit
  • No, one or more averages exceeded the limits

Question 31

Question
an x-bar control chart was examined and no data points fell outside of the limits. Can this process be considered in control?
Answer
  • (a) not yet, there could be a pattern to the points
  • (b) Not yet, the R-Chart must be checked
  • (c) Not yet, the number of samples must be known
  • Yes
  • Both A and B

Question 32

Question
For a 3-sigma x-bar chart where the process standard deviation (sigma) is known, the upper control limit:
Answer
  • is 3* sigma above the average of sample means
  • is 3* sigma/SQRT(n) above the average of the sample means
  • is 3* sigma below the average of sample means
  • is 3* sigma/SQRT(n) below the average of the sample means
  • cannot be calculated unless the average range is known

Question 33

Question
A manager wants to build 3-sigma x-bar control limits for a process. The target value for the mean of the process is 10 units, and the standard deviation of the process is 6. If samples of size 9 are to be taken, what will be the upper and lower control limits, respectively?
Answer
  • -8 and 28
  • 16 and 4
  • 4 and 16
  • 8 and 12
  • 12 and 8

Question 34

Question
A manager wishes to build a 3-sigma range chart for a process. The sample size is 5, the mean of sample means is 16.01, and the average range is 5.3. What are the UCL and LCL, respectively, for this range chart?
Answer
  • 11.2 and 0
  • 31.91 and 0.11
  • 33.9 and 0
  • 6.3 and 0
  • 33.9 and 11.2

Question 35

Question
Ten samples of a process measuring the number of returns per 100 receipts were taken for a local retail store. The number of returns were 10, 0, 11, 7, 3, 12, 8, 4, 6, and 11. What are the UCL and LCL for the p-bar conrol chart with 6-sigma quality?
Answer
  • 0.2447 and -0.0827
  • 0.2447 and 0
  • 0.1629 and 0
  • 8.1 and 0.0273
  • There is not enough information to answer the question

Question 36

Question
The assembly line is a classic example of a repetitive process
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
A typical full-service restaurant uses a product-focused process
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
The tool that calculates which process has the lowest cost at any specified production volume is a crossover chart
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
A product-focused process is commonly used to product:
Answer
  • low-volume, high variety products
  • high-volume, low-variety products
  • high-volume, high-variety products
  • high-volume products of either high- or low-variety
  • low-variety products at either high-or low-volume

Question 40

Question
Which of the following products is likely to be assembled on a repetitive process line
Answer
  • custom cakes
  • automobiles
  • steel
  • beer
  • custom personal computers

Question 41

Question
One of the similarities between process focus and mass-customization is:
Answer
  • the use of modules
  • the volume of outputs
  • the variety of outputs
  • many departments and many routings
  • all of the above are similarities

Question 42

Question
Which of the following characteristics best describes repetitive focus?
Answer
  • operators are broadly skilled
  • low volume, high variety
  • it uses sophisticated scheduling to accommodate custom orders
  • it is widely used for the manufacture of steel
  • its output is a standardized product produced from modules

Question 43

Question
High fixed costs and low variable costs are typical of which approach?
Answer
  • (a) Product
  • (b) repetitive
  • (c) mass customization
  • (D) process
  • A and C

Question 44

Question
Process X has fixed costs of $10,000 and variable costs of $2.40 per unit. Process Y has fixed costs of $9,000 and variable costs of $2.25 per unit. which of the following statements is TRUE?
Answer
  • the crossover point is approximately 6667 units
  • It is impossible for one process to have both of its costs lower than those of another process
  • Process X is more profitable than process Y and should be selected
  • Process X should be selected for very large production volumes
  • Process Y is cheaper than process X at all volumes

Question 45

Question
Process A has fixed costs of $1000 and variable costs of $5 per unit. Process B has fixed costs of $500 and variable costs of $15 per unit. what is the crossover point between process A and process B?
Answer
  • 200 units
  • $5,000
  • 50 units
  • $2,500
  • $9,500

Question 46

Question
Time-function mapping is a flowchart that is organized to show duration (and sometimes location) of each step.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
Fixed costs are those costs that continue even if no units are produced
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 48

Question
Break-even is the number of units at which:
Answer
  • total profit equals total cost
  • total revenue equals total cost
  • total revenue equals total variable cost
  • total revenue equals price times quantity
  • total revenue equals total fixed cost

Question 49

Question
Fabricators, Inc. wants to increase capacity by adding a new machine. The fixed costs for machine A are $90,000, and its variable cost is $15 per unit. The revenue is $21 per unit. What is the break-even point for machine A?
Answer
  • 90,000 units
  • $90,000
  • 4,286 units
  • 15,000 units
  • $15,000

Question 50

Question
Consider a production line with five stations. Station 1 can produce a unit is 9 minutes. Station 2 can produce a unit in 10 minutes. Station 3 has two identical machines, each of which can process a unit is 12 minutes (each unit only needs to be processed on one of the two machines. Station 4 can produce a unit in 5 minutes. Station 5 can produce a unit in 8 minutes. Which station is the bottleneck station?
Answer
  • station 1
  • station 2
  • station 3
  • station 4
  • station 5

Question 51

Question
A work system has five stations that have process times of 5, 9, 4, 9, and 8. what is the throughput time of the system?
Answer
  • 4
  • 7
  • 35
  • 18
  • Depends on how these stations are arranged and whether some are working independently in parallel

Question 52

Question
Which of the following is NOT one of the four principles of bottleneck management
Answer
  • lost time at the bottleneck is lost system capacity
  • release work orders to the system at the bottleneck's capacity pace
  • increased bottleneck capacity is increased system capacity
  • bottlenecks should be moved to the end of the system process
  • increasing capacity at non-bottleneck stations is a mirage

Question 53

Question
Effective capacity is typically larger than design capacity
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 54

Question
The Academic Computing Center has five trainers available in its computer labs to provide training sessions to students. Assume that the design capacity of the system is 1900 students per semester and that effective capacity equals 90% of design capacity. If the number of students who actually got their orientation session is 1500, what is the efficiency of the system?
Answer
  • 87.7%
  • 1350 students
  • 78.9%
  • 90%
  • 1710 students

Question 55

Question
Manufacturers may want to locate close to their customers if the transportation of finished goods is expensive or difficult
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 56

Question
The reason fast food restaurants often are found in close proximity to each other is:
Answer
  • low cost
  • they enjoy competition
  • location clustering near high traffic flows
  • availability of skilled labor
  • all of the above

Question 57

Question
Which of the following workplaces is the most productive?
Answer
  • $10 daily wage, 1 part produced daily
  • $500 daily wage, 100 parts produced daily
  • $50 daily wage, 10 parts produced daily
  • $30 daily wage, 5 parts produced daily
  • $100 daily wage, 21 parts produced daily

Question 58

Question
Evaluating location alternatives by comparing their composite (weighted-average) scores involves which of the following?
Answer
  • linear regression analysis
  • transportation model analysis
  • crossover analysis
  • cost-volume analysis
  • factor-rating analysis

Question 59

Question
The center-of-gravity method finds the location of a centralized facility, such as a distribution center, that will maximize the organization's revenue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 60

Question
The transportation model
Answer
  • minimizes total production and transportation costs
  • maximizes revenues
  • minimizes total fixed costs
  • minimizes total transportation costs
  • minimizes the movement of goods

Question 61

Question
Geographic information systems can assist the location decision by:
Answer
  • updating transportation method solutions
  • providing good internet placement for virtual storefronts
  • combining geography with demographic analysis
  • computerizing factor-rating analysis
  • automating center-of-gravity problems

Question 62

Question
The objective of layout strategy is to develop an effective and efficient layout that will meet the firm's competitive requirements
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 63

Question
A hospital's layout most closely resembles which of the following?
Answer
  • product oriented
  • work cell
  • retail
  • job shop
  • project

Question 64

Question
"A special arrangement of machinery and equipment to focus on production of a single product or group of related products" describes what layout type?
Answer
  • intermittent production
  • warehouse layout
  • fixed-position layout
  • work cell
  • job shop

Question 65

Question
Which of the statements below best describes office layout?
Answer
  • addresses the layout requirements of large, bulky projects such as ships and buildings
  • seeks the best personnel and machine utilization in repetitive or continuous production
  • allocates shelf space and responds to customer behavior
  • position workers, their equipment, and offices to provide for movement of information
  • deals with low-volume, high-variety production

Question 66

Question
In the office relationship chart, which rating reflects the highest importance for two departments' closeness to each other?
Answer
  • A
  • X
  • I
  • O
  • E

Question 67

Question
Workspace can inspire informal and productive encounters if it balances what three physical and social aspects?
Answer
  • privacy, persuasion, and permission
  • proximity, privacy, and persuasion
  • proximity, privacy, and permission
  • proximity, persuasion, and passion
  • proximity, persuasion, and permission

Question 68

Question
The main goal of retail layout is
Answer
  • minimizing storage costs
  • minimizing material handling cost
  • minimizing customer confusion regarding location of items
  • maximizing profitability per square foot of floor space
  • minimizing space required

Question 69

Question
Which of the following is NOT a retail layout practice?
Answer
  • use end-aisle locations to maximize product exposure
  • use prominent locations for high-impulse and high-margin items
  • locate the high-draw items around the periphery of the store
  • distribute power items throughout the store
  • all of the above are retail layout practices

Question 70

Question
What is the primary reason retailers tend to locate high-draw items around the periphery of the store?
Answer
  • more shelf space for those popular items is available around the periphery
  • this arrangement allows customers to travel through the store as quickly as possible
  • the arrangement will help to maximize customer exposure to other items in the store
  • it is easier to put large advertisement signs on the outside walls right next to the items
  • there will be less congestion of customers than there would be in the middle

Question 71

Question
Slotting fees
Answer
  • are not a part of Walmart's business practices
  • are charged by retailers to stock a product
  • can reduce the ability of small businesses to introduce new products
  • can amount to as much as $25,000
  • all of the above

Question 72

Question
The major problem addressed by the warehouse layout strategy is
Answer
  • minimizing difficulties caused by material flow varying with each product
  • locating the docks near a convenient access point to the closest highway
  • balancing product flow from one work station to the next
  • requiring frequent close contact between forklift drivers and item pickers
  • addressing trade-offs between space and material handling

Question 73

Question
Cross-docking refers to which of the following
Answer
  • docks are placed in the warehouse according to the direction (north, south, east, or west) from which the truck is arriving
  • the same dock is used to unload and then reload the same truck
  • the same docks can be used either incoming or outbound shipments
  • warehouse docks are designed in the shape of a cross
  • avoid placing materials or supplies in storage by processing them as they are received

Question 74

Question
For which of the following operations would a fixed-position layout be MOST appropriate?
Answer
  • refining for crude oil
  • assembling automobiles
  • producing TV sets
  • running an insurance agency
  • constructing a highway tunnel

Question 75

Question
Which type of layout features departments or other functional groupings in which similar activities are performed?
Answer
  • fixed-position
  • mass production
  • unit production
  • process-oriented
  • product-oriented

Question 76

Question
Mathematically, takt time is
Answer
  • a fictional time increment similar to a therblig
  • units required divided by workers required
  • workers required divided by total operation time required
  • total work time available divided by units required
  • units required divided by total work time available

Question 77

Question
With the "many suppliers" sourcing strategy, the order usually goes to the supplier that offers the highest quality
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 78

Question
which sourcing strategy is particularly common when the products being sourced are commodities?
Answer
  • many suppliers
  • few suppliers
  • vertical integration
  • virtual companies
  • keiretsu

Question 79

Question
A fried chicken fast-food chain that acquired feed mills and poultry farms has performed which of the following?
Answer
  • horizontal integration
  • forward integration
  • current transformation
  • job expansion
  • backward integration

Question 80

Question
A rice mill in south Louisiana purchases the trucking firm that transports packaged rice to distributors. This is an example of which of the following?
Answer
  • backward integration
  • keiretsu
  • forward integration
  • current transformation
  • horizontal integration

Question 81

Question
A restaurant runs a special promotion on lobster and plans to sell twice as many lobsters as usual. When this large order is sent to the distributor, the distributor assumes that large size is a trend, not a one-time event. the distributor therefore places an even larger order with the lobsterman. this behavior is the result of which of the following?
Answer
  • vendor-managed inventory
  • CPFR
  • double marginalization
  • postponement
  • the bullwhip effect

Question 82

Question
The bullwhip effect refers to the increasing fluctuations in orders that often occur as orders move through the supply chain
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 83

Question
The overarching solution to the bullwhip effect is simply for supply chain members to share information and work together
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 84

Question
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of the bullwhip effect
Answer
  • price fluctuations
  • order batching
  • demand forecast errors
  • shortage gaming
  • channel coordination

Question 85

Question
Which of the following is the prescribed remedy when the bullwhip effect is caused by shortage gaming?
Answer
  • channel coordination
  • share demand information
  • allocate orders based on past demand
  • increase capacity
  • price stabilization

Question 86

Question
Which of the following is generally found in most Lean environments?
Answer
  • a push system for high margin items and a pull system for low margin items
  • a push or pull system, depending upon the rate of demand
  • a push system for purchased parts and a pull system for manufactured parts
  • push systems
  • pull systems

Question 87

Question
Which of the following is specifically characterized by a focus on continuous improvement, respect for people, and standard work practices?
Answer
  • Just-in-time (JIT)
  • Material requirements planning (MRP)
  • lean operations
  • Toyota Production System (TPS)
  • kanban

Question 88

Question
Which of the following is specifically characterized by continuous and forced problem solving via a focus on throughput and reduced inventory?
Answer
  • material requirements planning (MRP)
  • Toyota Production System (TPS)
  • Lean operations
  • Just-in-time (JIT)
  • kanban

Question 89

Question
Which of the following is specifically characterized by the elimination of waste through a focus on exactly what the customer wants?
Answer
  • just-in-time (JIT)
  • Toyota Production System (TPS)
  • Material Requirements planning (MRP)
  • Lean operations
  • kanban

Question 90

Question
Which of the following is NOT one of the Seven Wastes?
Answer
  • transportation
  • motion
  • overproduction
  • assignment
  • defective product

Question 91

Question
One goal of JIT partnerships is the removal of in-plant inventory by delivery in small lots directly to the using department as needed
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 92

Question
JIT systems carry inventory just in case something goes wrong
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 93

Question
Hidden problems are generally uncovered during the process of reducing inventory
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 94

Question
Characteristics of just-in-time partnerships do NOT include:
Answer
  • large lot sizes to save on setup costs and to gain quantity discounts
  • produce with zero defects
  • focus on core competencies
  • long-term contracts
  • removal of in-transit inventory

Question 95

Question
Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding JIT inventory?
Answer
  • it exists just in case something goes wrong
  • it is the minimum inventory necessary to keep a perfect system running
  • it is minimized with large lot production
  • it increases if setup costs decrease
  • it hides variability
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