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Prosthetic MC

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Quiz on Prosthetic MC, created by Devin Schlueter on 22/08/2017.
Devin Schlueter
Quiz by Devin Schlueter, updated more than 1 year ago
Devin Schlueter
Created by Devin Schlueter over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The Ertl procedure is known as an osteomyoplastic amputation reconstruction that performs a bone bridge between what:
Answer
  • Tibia bridged with the fibula
  • Distal end of the radius and ulna
  • Distal end of femur bridged with the tibia
  • Humerus bridged with the ulna

Question 2

Question
A below knee amputee is seen in your clinic for a follow up appointment and states he feels anterior/distal discomfort in his prosthetic socket. Choose all correct answer(s) to address this problem:
Answer
  • Extend the prosthetic socket
  • Flex the prosthetic socket
  • Add pretibial pads to the prosthetic socket
  • Lower the posterior socket brim

Question 3

Question
A below the knee amputee is seen in your clinic for a follow up appointment and states he has posterior knee or hamstring discomfort. Choose all correct answer(s) to address this problem:
Answer
  • lower the posterior medial brim on the prosthetic socket
  • Extend the prosthetic socket
  • Flex the prosthetic socket
  • Align prosthetic foot more posterior in relation to the prosthetic socket

Question 4

Question
Which level(s) of amputation may lead to an equinus gait deformity:
Answer
  • Lisfranc amputation
  • Chopart amputation
  • Symes amputation
  • Transmetatarsal amputation

Question 5

Question
A below knee amputee presents in clinic wearing a PTB style endoskeletal prosthesis with general knee pain and distal end pressure. The patient doffs her prosthesis and liner, upon examination of her residual limb you note redness on the distal tibia and inferior aspect of the patella bone. What would be the most logical clinical action(s) you could take at this point in addressing this problem:
Answer
  • Recommend the patient be evaluated for a new liner that will provide better cushioning to her residual limb
  • Flex the prosthetic socket while concurrently plantar flexing the prosthetic foot
  • Add a gastroc pad to prosthetic socket
  • Add a 1 ply prosthetic sock over liner

Question 6

Question
Myodesis can be described as:
Answer
  • A condition associated with calcification of muscle fibers
  • The suturing and permanent attachment of a muscle to a bone
  • The suturing or permanent attachment of a muscle to another muscle
  • A muscle going through atrophy

Question 7

Question
Which of the following is not part of a Symes amputation procedure:
Answer
  • Removal of the malleoli "distal aspect"
  • Placement of thick heel pad
  • Amputation through the articulation of the ankle
  • Transmetatarsal amputation

Question 8

Question
Myoplasty can be described as:
Answer
  • A condition associated with the loss of sarcomeres
  • The suturing and permanent attachment of a muscle to a bone
  • The suturing or permanent attachment of a muscle to another muscle
  • A muscle experiencing hypertrophy

Question 9

Question
What are two advantages in the list below of myodesis over myoplasty with regards to amputations:
Answer
  • Decreased rate of infection related revisions
  • Decreased rate of muscular atrophy
  • Decreased rate of antagonistic muscular imbalances
  • Provides a bulbous distal residual limb for self suspending applications in TT and TF cases

Question 10

Question
During normal heel strike, the forward hip is how flexed:
Answer
  • neutral
  • 10 deg flexed
  • 25 deg flexed
  • 40 deg flexed

Question 11

Question
Which style of muscular tissue management in an TH amputation would be of greatest advantage to a myoelectric prosthesis candidate:
Answer
  • Myodesis
  • Myoplasty

Question 12

Question
A TF patient is seen in clinic that exhibits lateral/proximal loss of contact in stance. Upon prosthetic fit examination it is noted the lateral wall is superior to the greater trochanter, the anterior wall contours to the adductor longus tendon, the posterior socket does not encompass the ischial tuberosity, the medial wall is located 65mm inferior to the perineum. What do you attribute to the cause of this deviation:
Answer
  • The posterior wall does not have ischial containment
  • The lateral wall is located too proximal for an ischial containment socket
  • The patient is causing the deviation from antalgic gait secondary to adductor longus tendon socket pressure
  • The medial wall is located too far inferior to the perineum

Question 13

Question
With a Krukenberg procedure what muscle is the driver of the pincer grip:
Answer
  • Supinator
  • Pronator teres
  • Brachioradialis
  • Flexor carpi radialis

Question 14

Question
What would be a good quality(s) to look for in a prosthetic foot for a TT amputee who is a K2 designated household ambulator that utilizes his prosthesis efficiently during the day but fatigues in the evening and buckles at the knee secondary to quadriceps weakness:
Answer
  • Foot that progresses rapidly into plantar flexion during loading response
  • Foot that progresses slowly into plantar flexion during loading response
  • Heel should have a relatively firm durometer
  • Heel should have a relatively soft durometer

Question 15

Question
Today in clinic a TT patient is seen presenting with a traditional exoskeletal PTB prosthesis with a SACH foot. Patient states that she feels like the prosthesis is throwing her knee forward as soon as the heel firmly contacts the ground. She has worn this prosthesis comfortably for two years until one month ago. What should be the first clinical action you should take at this time in the appointment:
Answer
  • Plantar flex the prosthetic foot
  • Dorsiflex the prosthetic foot
  • Check to see if the patient switched to a shoe with a higher heel height compared to what she used to wear
  • Check to see if the patient switched to a shoe with a lower heel height compared to what she used to wear

Question 16

Question
The Krukenburg procedure is used at times in developing countries where expensive prosthesis are not attainable. What other patient population(s) would this be potentially used for:
Answer
  • Blind patients with bilateral below elbow amputations
  • Unilateral above elbow amputee
  • A patient concerned with the cosmetic appearance
  • Failed prosthetic use for bilateral below elbow amputations

Question 17

Question
A TR patient is seen in your clinic. The patient is inquiring as to which terminal device would be best for picking up a small coin from a table. Which device would you recommend:
Answer
  • 555
  • #7
  • 5XA
  • A mechanical prosthetic hand

Question 18

Question
What are simple option(s) for increasing the ease of pre-positioning the prosthetic elbow in flexion, for a TH amputee utilizing a body powered prosthesis who lacks glenohumeral flexion strength and biscapular abduction strength but can operate a elbow lock:
Answer
  • Have the forearm lift tab located distally/anterior
  • Have forearm lift tab moved proximal/anterior
  • Move proximal base plate and retainer on humeral section posterior
  • Check the level of resistance in the cable housing

Question 19

Question
What bony landmark is utilized for a weight bearing prosthesis in a hip disarticulation:
Answer
  • Pubic rami
  • Greater trochanter
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Iliac crest

Question 20

Question
What is an option for pre positioning the prosthetic elbow in flexion, for a TH amputee utilizing a triple control body powered prosthesis who lacks glenohumeral flexion strength and biscapular abduction strength but can operate an elbow lock:
Answer
  • Have the forearm lift tab located posterior/ proximal
  • Have forearm lift tab moved proximal
  • Change triple control to dual control, switch split housing to single housing, utilize ballistic motion for forearm lift
  • Move NW ring laterally towards the prosthetic side

Question 21

Question
Why is choosing a SACH foot with a firm heel durometer not advised for TT patients with poor prosthetic side knee stability:
Answer
  • It will increase knee stability
  • It will decrease knee stability
  • It will increase shock absorption at heel strike
  • It will not provide enough keel resistance

Question 22

Question
You are doing a gait assessment with your patient that has a below knee prosthesis. You notice that there is lateral trunk bending at mid stance to the prosthetic side. Choose the choice that would NOT be a potential cause of this gait deviation:
Answer
  • Prosthesis too short
  • Residual limb pain
  • Prosthesis too long
  • Weak quadriceps

Question 23

Question
A TF patient is seen in your clinic. It is noted that as he ambulates with a circumducted gait. Select ALL possible causes:
Answer
  • Prosthesis height is longer than his sound side ischial tuberosity to floor measurement
  • Prosthetic suspension is not adequate
  • The user does not have adequate hip flexor strength
  • Prosthetic foot is plantar flexed excessively

Question 24

Question
A TF patient is seen in your clinic. In stance, the prosthetic foot "smears" externally as she simultaneously abducts her prosthesis whereby advancing forward in the sagittal plane. She complains of low back pain as well. What is a prosthetic cause:
Answer
  • Prosthetic keel too short
  • Prosthetic knee has too little resistance to flexion
  • Not enough flexion is built into the socket
  • Prosthetic socket is excessively flexed

Question 25

Question
A patient with an above knee amputation has a prosthesis. During gait analysis you find that she has knee instability while standing and you see knee buckling with any weight shift. You suspect the cause of the instability is:
Answer
  • Prosthetic knee set too far posterior to the TKA line
  • Tight extension aid
  • Prosthetic knee set too far anterior to the TKA line
  • Weak hip flexors

Question 26

Question
TT prosthetic sockets that are excessively extended cause excessive pressure in what areas:
Answer
  • anterior/proximal
  • anterior/distal
  • posterior/distal
  • posterior/proximal

Question 27

Question
T/F, Outsetting the prosthetic foot on a TT prosthesis increases socket pressure medial/distal and lateral/proximal:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
A forequarter amputation removes what structures:
Answer
  • Femur and half of pelvis
  • Femur and acetabulum
  • Arm, clavicle, and scapula
  • Arm and scapula

Question 29

Question
A TT patient is seen in clinic. Upon examining gait you notice a mild extension moment at the knee in stance phase. What could be the cause? Note: alignment is proper:
Answer
  • Prosthetic keel too short
  • Prosthetic heel is too firm
  • Prosthetic Keel is too soft
  • Prosthetic heel is too soft

Question 30

Question
When choosing if a prosthetic patient is a gel liner candidate, which of the following option(s) would assist you in this decision:
Answer
  • General hygiene
  • Hand dexterity
  • K-level
  • allergies

Question 31

Question
In a transmetatarsal amputation you would expect to see what gait deviation:
Answer
  • Absent push off
  • Absent heel strike
  • Foot drop due to loss of dorsiflexion
  • Loss of supination during gait

Question 32

Question
Dorsiflexing the prosthetic foot is synonymous with __________________:
Answer
  • Flexing the prosthetic socket
  • Extending the prosthetic socket
  • Switching to a shoe with a lower heel height
  • Switching to a shoe with a wider heel

Question 33

Question
Why is it necessary to utilize a Berkeley alignable componentry prior to final fabrication of an exoskeletal prosthesis:
Answer
  • This will allow alignment changes in the final prosthesis
  • This will allow you to align the prosthesis properly as exoskeletal prostheses cannot be re-aligned
  • This will make the prosthesis more cosmetic
  • None of the above

Question 34

Question
What muscle group would you expect to be the weakest in an above knee amputee:
Answer
  • Hip flexors
  • Hip abductors
  • Hip extensors
  • Hip adductors

Question 35

Question
When flexing an AK socket to accommodate a flexion contracture what concurrent alignment adjustment should also be made:
Answer
  • Dorsiflex the prosthetic foot
  • Plantarflex the prosthetic foot
  • Move the prosthetic knee anterior
  • Move the prosthetic knee posterior

Question 36

Question
An AK patient is seen in clinic. When ambulating the patient complains of knee instability. What alignment change could possibly assist in regaining knee stability:
Answer
  • Flex the prosthetic socket
  • Move the prosthetic knee anterior relative to the socket
  • Move the prosthetic knee posterior relative to the socket
  • move the prosthetic foot posterior relative to the prosthetic knee and socket

Question 37

Question
With a knee disarticulation amputee what is a cosmetic concern:
Answer
  • Knee extends too far out when sitting or kneeling
  • Leg length discrepancy
  • The non amputated side extends too far past surgical knee side
  • Knee too bulky

Question 38

Question
An AK patient is seen in clinic. When ambulating the patient complains of knee instability. What alignment change could possibly assist in regaining knee stability:
Answer
  • Extend the prosthetic socket
  • Move the prosthetic knee anterior relative to the socket
  • Shorten the overall height of prosthesis
  • Move prosthetic socket posterior in relation to the prosthetic knee

Question 39

Question
When making an angular change utilizing endoskeletal componentry it is necessary to:
Answer
  • Loosen the bolt opposite the direction of desired angulation and tighten the opposing bolt on the side of desired angulation
  • Loosen the bolt on the side of desired angulation and tighten the opposing bolt opposite the side of desired angulation

Question 40

Question
Choose all that apply to the benefit of a knee disarticulation over an above knee amputation with prosthetic fit:
Answer
  • Socket rotational control
  • Natural weight bearing surface
  • Muscular balance equalized with abductors and adductors
  • Larger surface area for prosthetic socket

Question 41

Question
When removing endoskeletal prosthetic componentry for adjustment, how do you save your original alignment:
Answer
  • Completely back out two opposing bolts
  • Completely back out three adjacent bolts
  • Completely back out two adjacent bolts
  • Completely back out all bolts

Question 42

Question
In general polycentric prosthetic knees are considered inherently stable. Why is this:
Answer
  • Polycentric knees have multiple linkages which increases resistance to flexion
  • Polycentric knees have a theoretical knee center which is located posterior and superior
  • Polycentric knees are difficult to bend manually and under body weight the resistance increases making them even more difficult to bend
  • Polycentric knees utilize fluid friction which resist fast motions such as knee buckling

Question 43

Question
Which of the following is not part of the Scarpa's triangle:
Answer
  • Rectus femoris
  • Inguinal ligament
  • Sartorius
  • Adductor longus

Question 44

Question
Choose all answers that are considered benefits of polycentric knees:
Answer
  • They relatively shorten in swing phase of AK prosthetic gait
  • They provide increased cosmesis when sitting
  • They are inherently stable
  • They have less moving parts when compared to other prosthetic knee designs

Question 45

Question
T/F, In a TT amputation when trying to increase the energy return of a dynamic response foot it may be necessary to increase plantarflexion:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
The gait cycle is composed of what:
Answer
  • Heel strike on one side followed by heel strike by that same foot
  • Heel strike to push off
  • Heel strike on one side followed with heel strike on the other side
  • Push off on one side followed by push off on the opposite side

Question 47

Question
A TH patient is seen in clinic. The patient is utilizing a body powered prosthesis with a Hosmer mechanical elbow and complains that he can operate it throughout its full range of motion but it requires too much effort. What could you do to remedy this:
Answer
  • Dial the Automatic forearm balance mechanism located proximal posterior on the forearm shell
  • Install a spring lift assist
  • Lengthen the forearm section 10mm
  • Switch the terminal device from a 5XA hook to a #7 hook

Question 48

Question
What is a simple option for pre positioning the prosthetic elbow in flexion, for a TH amputee utilizing a body powered prosthesis who lacks glenohumeral flexion strength and biscapular abduction strength but can operate an elbow lock:
Answer
  • Have the forearm lift tab located proximal and anterior
  • Have forearm lift tab moved proximal and anterior
  • Move the proximal base plate and retainer on humeral section anterior
  • Move proximal base plate and retainer on humeral section posterior

Question 49

Question
During many amputations the surgeon will perform a myoplasty What does this consist of:
Answer
  • Surgical attachment of muscle to muscle
  • Surgical attachment of the muscle to the bone
  • Bone bridge between two bones, artificial joint ossification
  • Surgical replacement of a joint due to osteoarthritis

Question 50

Question
T/F, When fabricating a TR figure of eight harness it is necessary to incorporate elastic materials in the control strap:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
T/F, When fabricating a TR figure of eight harness the inverted Y-strap should be located in the delto-pectoral groove:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 52

Question
What muscle is responsible for scapular elevation:
Answer
  • Trapezius muscle
  • Deltoid
  • Pecotralis major
  • Rotator cuff

Question 53

Question
A TF client is seen in clinic, upon doffing the suction socket you notice a red, wart like formation, and cracked skin distally. Choose the name of this condition AND its cause:
Answer
  • Verrucous hyperplasia
  • Ackerman's Tumor
  • Excessive distal pressure within the prosthetic socket
  • Incomplete seating of residual limb in prosthetic socket

Question 54

Question
A TH patient is seen in clinic. The patient is utilizing a body powered prosthesis and is wondering which terminal device would be best suited for holding a broom handle:
Answer
  • 5XA
  • #7
  • Mechanical prosthetic hand
  • 555

Question 55

Question
With a hip disarticulation prosthesis, what is used for suspension:
Answer
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Iliac crest
  • Iliac crest of the intact side
  • Sacrum

Question 56

Question
When fitting a figure of 8 harness with a NW ring on a TR patient, why is it advantageous to locate the NW slightly toward the sound side and at the level of C7:
Answer
  • It will increase the comfort of the user
  • It will position the control cable optimally
  • It will position the inverted Y-strap in the delto-pectoral groove
  • None of the above

Question 57

Question
When recommending an ischial containment TF socket what are some of the biomechanical goals that accompany this design:
Answer
  • The ischial seat provides a weight bearing surface
  • By containing the ischium we can decrease distal lateral discomfort in weight bearing
  • By containing the ischium we can decrease proximal medial irritation
  • By containing the ischium we can decrease proximal anterior irritation

Question 58

Question
With the upper extremity, supination and pronation occur at what joint:
Answer
  • Distal radioulnar
  • Radiocarpal
  • Proximal radioulnar
  • A and C

Question 59

Question
A TF patient is seen in clinic. Upon socket fit evaluation the ischial-tuberosity is not located on the seat but further down in the socket. What adjustment could you attempt to remedy this:
Answer
  • Add a prosthetic sock
  • Drop the ischial seat 1cm distally
  • Add pad adjacent to scarpas triangle
  • Add a proximal posterior pad inferior to the ischial seat

Question 60

Question
Standard bench alignment for a TT prosthesis with a SACH foot in the coronal plane is:
Answer
  • 0-12mm outset
  • 0-12mm posterior
  • 0-12mm anterior
  • 0-12mm inset

Question 61

Question
With a below elbow amputation all of these muscles would be transected except:
Answer
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Supraspinatus
  • Brachioradialis
  • Pronator quadratus

Question 62

Question
A TT patient is seen in clinic. The patient has been utilizing a TT prosthesis successfully for 10 years but the patient has a grade 1 osteochondral defect "OCD" to his medial femoral condyle that is painful in weight bearing . What alignment change could you incorporate assist in the clients discomfort:
Answer
  • Outset the foot 3mm
  • Inset the foot 3mm
  • Dorsiflex the foot
  • Plantarflex the foot

Question 63

Question
Many prosthetic knees require the toe to be loaded and un-weighted in order to transition from stance features to swing features. Why would recommending two knees that function in this way to a bilateral TF amputee be contraindicated:
Answer
  • The patient would have difficulty moving from sit to stand only
  • The patient would have difficulty during double support instances in prosthetic gait
  • The patient would be unable to sit
  • The patient would have shortened step length

Question 64

Question
Which muscle is the primary forearm supinator:
Answer
  • Biceps brachii
  • Brachioradialis
  • Brachialis
  • Coracobrachialis

Question 65

Question
In reference to TT prosthetics excessive adduction of the prosthetic pylon would cause what at midstance in gait:
Answer
  • Genu varum
  • Genu valgum
  • Genu flexion
  • Genu extension

Question 66

Question
One of the characteristics of the TT total surface bearing socket is:
Answer
  • One of the characteristics of the TT total surface bearing socket is:
  • Emphasizing pressure equalization across all residual limb surfaces
  • Emphasizing pressure distribution on the tibia fibula interosseus membrane to prevent residual limb scissoring
  • Emphasizing pressure adjacent to the bony anatomy

Question 67

Question
With a knee disarticulation what adductor muscle is transected:
Answer
  • Adductor magnus
  • Adductor longus
  • Gracilis
  • Adductor brevis

Question 68

Question
When evaluating a new trans-metatarsal amputee, what deformity of the foot and ankle complex is typical without tendon transfers:
Answer
  • Pes plano valgus
  • Forefoot adductus
  • Equino varus
  • Club Foot

Question 69

Question
The most accurate description of a hydraulic single axis knee is:
Answer
  • A prosthetic knee that utilizes pneumatic friction resistance to modify TF prosthetic swing
  • A prosthetic knee that utilizes mechanical friction resistance to modify TF prosthetic swing
  • A prosthetic knee that utilizes variable Elastoplast resistance to modify TF prosthetic swing
  • A prosthetic knee that utilizes fluid resistance to modify TF prosthetic swing

Question 70

Question
All of the following muscles make up the pes anserinus except:
Answer
  • Sartorius
  • Gracilis
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus

Question 71

Question
When evaluating fluid TF prosthetic knees, which type of resistance is most adversely effected by cold environmental temperature changes:
Answer
  • Hydraulic
  • Pneumatic
  • Mechanical
  • Constant friction

Question 72

Question
In TF prosthetic alignment the relationship between the posterior socket shelf and the lateral wall is referred to as:
Answer
  • Q-angle
  • TKA alignment
  • Sagittal flexion alignment
  • Adduction angle

Question 73

Question
In determining the correct length of the prosthesis what bony landmark is NOT used:
Answer
  • Greater trochanter
  • Iliac crest
  • Anterior superior iliac spine
  • Posterior superior iliac crest

Question 74

Question
A TT patient is seen in clinic. At heel strike the SACH prosthetic foot rotates externally. What is one cause of this gait deviation:
Answer
  • The prosthetic heel durometer is too firm
  • The prosthetic heel durometer is too soft
  • The prosthetic keel is too firm
  • The prosthetic keel is too soft

Question 75

Question
A force of 2 lbs. is exerted on a 1.5 foot lever arm. What amount of force must be exerted on a 2 foot lever arm to balance the system:
Answer
  • 3 lbs
  • 6 lbs
  • 1.5 lbs
  • 12 lbs

Question 76

Question
The biceps femoris causes what motion at the hip and knee respectively:
Answer
  • Hip extension, knee extension
  • Hip extension, knee flexion
  • Hip flexion, knee extension
  • Hip flexion, knee flexion

Question 77

Question
A TF client is seen in clinic, a medial whip is noted in prosthetic gait. What adjustment would be appropriate to normalize swing phase alignment:
Answer
  • Externally rotate the prosthetic knee
  • Internally rotate the prosthetic knee
  • Internally rotate the prosthetic foot
  • Externally rotate the prosthetic foot

Question 78

Question
A TF client is seen in clinic, a lateral whip is noted in prosthetic gait. What adjustment would be appropriate to normalize swing phase alignment:
Answer
  • Externally rotate the prosthetic knee
  • Internally rotate the prosthetic knee
  • Internally rotate the prosthetic foot
  • Externally rotate the prosthetic foot

Question 79

Question
During normal gait you see the pelvis drop during mid stance. What muscle weakness could cause this:
Answer
  • Piriformis
  • Gluteus minimus
  • Gluteus medius
  • Iliopsoas

Question 80

Question
When a prosthetic foot inset is increased, socket pressures will become more apparent:
Answer
  • Lateral/Distal & Medial/Proximal
  • Lateral/Proximal & Medial/Distal
  • Medial/Distal & Medial/Proximal
  • Lateral/Distal & Lateral/Proximal

Question 81

Question
What is the maximum amount of knee flexion contracture that could be fit with a traditional TT PTB socket:
Answer
  • 10*
  • 15*
  • 25*
  • 35*

Question 82

Question
Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group will steady the hip joint and help iliopsoas to flex the thigh:
Answer
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius

Question 83

Question
When evaluating the mechanics of a prosthetic foot, it could be said that the resistance of the prosthetic keel is acting like which muscular group and what type of muscular contraction:
Answer
  • Ankle dorsiflexors & Eccentric contraction
  • Ankle dorsiflexors & Concentric contraction
  • Ankle plantarflexors & Concentric contraction
  • Ankle plantarflexors & Eccentric contraction

Question 84

Question
When aligning the prosthetic socket posterior in relation to the prosthetic foot, forces present in the socket will increase where:
Answer
  • Anterior/Proximal & Posterior/distal
  • Proximal/Medial & Distal/Lateral
  • Posterior/Proximal & Anterior/Distal
  • Proximal/Lateral & Distal/Medial

Question 85

Question
T/F: When fabricating a below the knee prosthesis for a 4 year old patient it may be necessary to make a socket that includes multiple removable volume layers “onion skin lamination”:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 86

Question
A TT patient is seen in clinic. When evaluating gait you notice a Trendelenburg sign on the prosthetic side during midstance. What muscle group would you expect to show low MMT scores on the prosthetic side:
Answer
  • Gluteus Maximus
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Gluteus Medius

Question 87

Question
For prosthetic patients utilizing a cane in rehabilitation, why is it recommended that the cane be held in the hand opposite the side of involvement? Choose ALL correct answers:
Answer
  • To give tripod base for support
  • To facilitate natural arm swing
  • To facilitate normal prosthetic step length
  • To encourage knee stability and confidence

Question 88

Question
All are bony landmarks that are easily palpable in the lower limb except:
Answer
  • Lateral malleolus
  • Tibial tuberosity
  • Lesser trochanter
  • Ischial tuberosity

Question 89

Question
A TF client is seen in clinic, if the patient is utilizing suction suspension you can best differentiate the socket pressures as ________in stance phase and_________in swing phase:
Answer
  • Less, More
  • Negative, Positive
  • Dynamic, Static
  • Positive, Negative

Question 90

Question
An elbow disarticulation patient is seen in clinic for a prosthesis replacement. What type of articulation at the elbow would be indicated:
Answer
  • Hosmer friction elbow
  • Residual limb activated locking hinge
  • Outside locking hinge
  • Ergo arm

Question 91

Question
T/F:When fabricating a prosthetic socket in general it is necessary to have all “like” fibers directly adjacent to aid in strength:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 92

Question
When deciding to add a cross back strap to a figure of eight harness. Which material would be best to fabricate the cross back strap with:
Answer
  • Elastic strapping
  • Inelastic strapping
  • Leather strapping
  • Cotton webbing

Question 93

Question
Why are flexible elbow hinges recommended for longer TR amputees:
Answer
  • Allows better pre-positioning
  • Durability
  • Improved residual limb comfort
  • Allows patient to maintain natural pronation/supination

Question 94

Question
Partial foot amputees often present with a lack of controlled third rocker late in stance. What options can assist with this other than a partial foot insert with toe filler:
Answer
  • Rigid sole shoe
  • Rocker addition to shoe sole
  • Carbon insert
  • OTS carbon AFO

Question 95

Question
When recommending a prostheses for a bilateral TR patient what style of suspension would you not recommend:
Answer
  • Northwestern self suspending sockets
  • Custom silicone suction suspension sockets
  • Munster self suspending sockets
  • Pin lock suspension sockets

Question 96

Question
When fabricating a TH prosthesis it is important to add pre-flexion to the prosthetic elbow, why is this:
Answer
  • To ensure full ROM will be available in the prosthetic elbow
  • To decrease force necessary to initiate elbow flexion
  • To maintain a natural hang angle
  • To decrease premature wear on the elbow lock notches

Question 97

Question
Transverse tarsal joints allow inversion and eversion of the foot. Choose the other joint(s) that allow inversion and eversion:
Answer
  • Talocrural joint
  • Subtalar and talocalcaneonavicular
  • Superior and inferior tibiofibular joints
  • All of the above

Question 98

Question
With respect to TF quadrilateral socket measurements, which measurement would the following calculations be used for? (Measure the ischial level circumference and divide it by three, then subtract 6mm):
Answer
  • Anterior/Posterior measurement
  • Lateral A/P measurement
  • Medial A/P measurement
  • Medial/Lateral measurement

Question 99

Question
A TR patient needing the ability to vary grip force on small delicate objects would benefit from which terminal device:
Answer
  • Voluntary closing prosthetic hook
  • Voluntary closing prosthetic hand
  • Voluntary opening prosthetic hand
  • Voluntary opening prosthetic hook

Question 100

Question
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve will result in what gait deviation:
Answer
  • Absent push off
  • Absent heel strike
  • Circumducted gait
  • Trendelenburg gait

Question 101

Question
A force of 9lbs is applied at the harness in a TR prosthesis, in order to maintain the minimum acceptable efficiency of the cable/cable housing, how much force must be needed in order to open the prosthetic hook:
Answer
  • 10lbs
  • 5.7lbs
  • 6.3lbs
  • 7lbs

Question 102

Question
When modifying a TF Quadrilateral plaster mold, if you are trying to increase the amount of adduction on the mold what must you do to maintain a level posterior shelf:
Answer
  • Apply plaster laterally
  • Apply plaster medially
  • Shave plaster off medially
  • Shave plaster off laterally

Question 103

Question
The talus does not articulate with the:
Answer
  • Cuboid
  • Tibia
  • Navicular
  • Fibula

Question 104

Question
When fabricating TF socket with a hip joint, the hip joint should be located where in relation to the greater trochanter:
Answer
  • 12mm inferior & 25.4mm posterior
  • 10mm inferior & 20mm anterior
  • 12mm superior & 25.4mm posterior
  • 12mm anterior & 25.4mm superior

Question 105

Question
In TF applications, when inadequate socket flexion is incorporated into the prosthesis what will the patient be unable to do without a gait deviation:
Answer
  • Stand with decreased lumbar lordosis
  • Sit with prosthetic knee and sound side knees level in the coronal plane
  • Have symmetric step lengths
  • Fully extend the prosthetic knee

Question 106

Question
The tibial nerve innervates muscles to the_____portion of the leg, while the deep fibular nerve innervates muscles on the _____ portion of the leg:
Answer
  • posterior, anterior
  • anterior, posterior
  • anterior, lateral
  • posterior, lateral

Question 107

Question
A TT patient is seen in clinic. The patient has been utilizing a TT prosthesis without problems for years. The patient has PVD and has been experiencing ischemic pain within his prosthetic socket in what seems to be his gastroc muscles. What should be the most logical plan of action:
Answer
  • Decrease pressure on the medial tibial flare
  • Decrease pressure posterior and adjacent to the popliteal artery
  • Recommend the patient be seen by a vascular specialist
  • Flex the prosthetic socket

Question 108

Question
T/F, With regards to initial post operative prostheses and rigid dressings, removing the device is indicated if the patient is running a temperature because it is a hallmark sign of infection:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 109

Question
You place a shrinker on a below knee amputee patient 3 weeks post op and notice that he keeps a pillow under his knee. What joint(s) would you expect a contracture if this persists:
Answer
  • Knee flexion contracture
  • Knee flexion and hip flexion contracture
  • Hip flexion and hip adductor contracture
  • Knee extensor and hip flexor contracture

Question 110

Question
T/F, When performing plaster mold modifications for a lateral stabilization bar in a TT PTB style socket, it is imperative that it does not extend too superior so as to avoid the common peroneal nerve:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 111

Question
T/F, A pull sock is often used to donn a TF suction suspension to draw tissue into the socket and to facilitate hydrostatic loading:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 112

Question
If the sciatic nerve is severed at the level of the ischial tuberosity, muscle function will NOT be impaired at the:
Answer
  • Knee joint
  • Ankle joint
  • Hip joint
  • Subtalor joint

Question 113

Question
T/F, A silesian belt is used to increase coronal plane stability in TF prosthesis applications:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 114

Question
At heel strike the knee joint is at ____while the ankle joint is at_____:
Answer
  • At neutral/full extension, 90 degrees/neutral
  • 10 deg flexed, 5 deg plantarflexed
  • Neutral, 10 degrees dorsiflexion
  • Neutral, 5 degrees dorsiflexion

Question 115

Question
In normal gait, maximum knee flexion reaches approximately:
Answer
  • 30-35 degrees
  • 35-40 degrees
  • 45-50 degrees
  • 60-65 degrees

Question 116

Question
T/F: The duration of double support varies inversely with the speed of walking and in running double support is absent:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 117

Question
The stance phase of gait makes up what percent of the gait cycle during ordinary walking speeds:
Answer
  • 40%
  • 60%
  • 80%
  • 20%

Question 118

Question
Your patient has a transtibial amputation and was just fitted with a PTB socket. During your session with the patient for initial fitting, you have him walk in the parallel bars. After which you inspect the skin of the residual limb. You would not expect redness in what area(s):
Answer
  • Distal residual limb
  • Anterior tibia and tibial crest
  • Fibular head and cut end of the fibula
  • Tibial tuberosity and patellar bone

Question 119

Question
When external rotation of the prosthetic foot is needed the toe lever or keel of the foot is relatively:
Answer
  • Lengthened
  • Shortened
  • Softened
  • Hardened

Question 120

Question
T/F: Unilateral BK amputees should be instructed to ascend stairs with the prostheses leading first and to descend stairs with the sound limb leading first:
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 121

Question
During swing phase of the gait cycle what muscles are active to achieve dorsiflexion:
Answer
  • Anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus
  • Anterior tibialis, peronous brevis, extensor digitorum longus
  • Anterior tibialis, gastroc soleus, extensor hallucis longus
  • Anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior

Question 122

Question
The sciatic nerve innervates all these muscles except:
Answer
  • Semitendinosis
  • Biceps femoris
  • Semimembranosis
  • Gluteus medius

Question 123

Question
You are seeing a patient with diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease. What is the common artery that you can palpate to assess blood flow:
Answer
  • Dorsalis pedis
  • Ulnar artery
  • Femoral artery
  • Radial artery

Question 124

Question
What is the primary function of brachioradialis:
Answer
  • Elbow flexion
  • Elbow flexion and forearm pronation
  • Elbow flexion and wrist extension
  • Elbow flexion and wrist flexion

Question 125

Question
You have a patient that presents for evaluation for an above knee prosthesis. You notice he has a forward flexed posture. What positive muscle length test would you expect to see associated with this posture:
Answer
  • Ober test
  • Thomas test
  • Hip extensor tightness
  • Plantar flexion tightness

Question 126

Question
Possible causes for knee instability at initial contact in the TF prosthesis include
Answer
  • Heel cushion too firm
  • Knee set too far anterior
  • Insufficient socket flexion
  • Patient has weak hip extensors

Question 127

Question
The primary indication for use of Silesian belt is rotational control of the prosthesis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 128

Question
How would you correct an abrupt knee flexion moment at loading response
Answer
  • Increase socket flexion
  • Increase plantarflexion bumper
  • Move foot anterior
  • All of the above

Question 129

Question
If the prosthetic foot is positioned too far posterior in relation to the socket:
Answer
  • An excessive knee flexion moment will occur at LR
  • An insufficient knee extension moment will occur at late midstance
  • An insufficient knee flexion moment will occur at LR

Question 130

Question
Which of the following are muscles of the anterior leg
Answer
  • Tibialis Anterior
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Extensor Hallicus Longus
  • Extensor Digitorum Brevis
  • Extensor Hallicus Brevis
  • Peroneus Tertius

Question 131

Question
What functions do muscles of the anterior leg provide?
Answer
  • Inversion
  • Eversion
  • Dorsiflexion
  • Plantarflexion

Question 132

Question
What functions do the muscles of the posterior leg provide?
Answer
  • Plantarflexion
  • Knee flexion
  • Dorsiflexion
  • Eversion
  • Inversion

Question 133

Question
The iliofemoral ligament limits excessive flexion of the hip joint
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 134

Question
Which nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral leg
Answer
  • Deep Peroneal
  • Superficial Peroneal
  • Tibial
  • Plantar
  • Sural

Question 135

Question
Which of the following are adductors
Answer
  • Pectineus
  • Sartorius
  • Gracilis

Question 136

Question
Which nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior leg
Answer
  • Superficial peroneal
  • Deep peroneal
  • Plantar
  • Sural

Question 137

Question
The function of the ACL is to prevent the posterior motion of the tibia with respect to the femur
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 138

Question
The semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris are innervated by what nerve and supplied by what artery?
Answer
  • Femoral
  • Sciatic
  • Obturator
  • Profunda Femoris
  • Femoral artery
  • Obturator artery

Question 139

Question
What nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior leg?
Answer
  • Femoral
  • Tibial
  • Sciatic
  • Deep Peroneal

Question 140

Question
The muscles of the lateral leg provide what function?
Answer
  • Eversion
  • Inversion
  • Supination
  • Plantarflexion

Question 141

Question
The femoral nerve innervates which of the following:
Answer
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Gracilis

Question 142

Question
What muscles make up the quadriceps group?
Answer
  • Vastus Lateralis
  • Vastus Intermedius
  • Vastus Medialis
  • Biceps Femoris
  • Rectus Femoris

Question 143

Question
The obturator nerve innervates which of the following:
Answer
  • Hip Extensors
  • Adductors
  • Abductors
  • Hip Flexors

Question 144

Question
Which of the following are muscles of the posterior leg?
Answer
  • Tibialis posterior
  • Popliteus
  • Soleus
  • Gastrocnemius

Question 145

Question
Muscles of the lateral leg include:
Answer
  • Peroneus tertius
  • Peroneus brevis
  • Peroneus longus
  • Extensor hallicus longus
  • Extensor digitorum longus

Question 146

Question
Which nerve supplies the extensor digitorum longus and brevis?
Answer
  • Tibial nerve
  • Plantar Nerve
  • Superficial Peroneal
  • Deep Peroneal
  • Sciatic

Question 147

Question
What is the primary action and innervation of the Gracilis?
Answer
  • Hip abduction
  • Hip flexion
  • Hip Adduction
  • Hip external rotation
  • Femoral nerve
  • Obturator nerve
  • Sciatic Nerve

Question 148

Question
At midstance ground reaction line is as follows:
Answer
  • Anterior ankle
  • Posterior ankle
  • Anterior knee
  • Posterior knee
  • Anterior hip
  • Posterior hip

Question 149

Question
Muscle activity at initial contact
Answer
  • Hip Flexors
  • Hip Extensors
  • Knee Flexors
  • Knee Extensors
  • Dorsiflexors
  • Plantarflexors

Question 150

Question
The knee is slightly flexed at initial contact.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 151

Question
Which of the following is a tarsal-metatarsal disarticulation?
Answer
  • Transmetatarsal
  • Chopart
  • Boyd
  • Lisfranc

Question 152

Question
If the prosthetic foot is too far inset in relation to the socket, the weight line will pass too far medial to the foot resulting in an excessive genu varum moment at midstance.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 153

Question
Excessive socket adduction results in:
Answer
  • Medial leaning pylon
  • Lateral leaning pylon
  • Wide-based gait
  • Walking on medial border of the foot
  • Walking on lateral border of the foot

Question 154

Question
Inital coronal bench alignment for PTB socket has the foot outset 1/2" relative to socket midline at MTP.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 155

Question
At mid-stance, a properly aligned prosthesis will increase pressures at proximal __________ socket with corresponding load on the distal ________.
Answer
  • lateral/medial
  • Medial/lateral

Question 156

Question
When prosthetic foot is aligned too far posterior in relation to the socket:
Answer
  • Excessive knee flexion moment at LR
  • Insufficient knee extension moment at late midstance
  • Insufficient knee flexion moment at LR
  • Excessive knee extension moment at late midstance

Question 157

Question
Causes for a fully extended knee at initial contact include
Answer
  • Insufficient pre-flexion of the socket
  • Foot too anterior
  • Foot too posterior
  • Foot too dorsiflexed

Question 158

Question
Which of the following muscles originate on the fibular head?
Answer
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Plantaris
  • Peroneus longus
  • Peroneus brevis
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Extensor digitorum longus

Question 159

Question
The proximal trimlines for a PTBSCSP socket should terminate 65 mm proximal to MTP level.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 160

Question
Which muscles are transected in a partial foot amputation that normally counteract the tendency to drift into equinovarus position?
Answer
  • Flexor Digitorum Longus
  • Pernoeus Brevis
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Tibialis Anterior
  • Flexor Hallicus longus
  • Peroneus Tertius

Question 161

Question
What are possible causes of medial brim pressure in the quad socket?
Answer
  • Excessive sock ply
  • Insufficient sock ply
  • Medial wall too high
  • Corner too snug
  • A/P too tight
  • A/P too loose
  • M/L too tight
  • M/L too loose

Question 162

Question
Which of the following may lead to a circumducted gait?
Answer
  • Prosthesis is too long
  • Prosthesis has too much alignment stability
  • A/P Dimension too large
  • Extension assist is too strong

Question 163

Question
Which muscles retain their full power in a supracondylar amputation?
Answer
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Adductor Brevis
  • Adductor Longus
  • Gracilis

Question 164

Question
The dynamic keel of an energy storing foot substitutes in part for the:
Answer
  • Biceps femoris
  • Extensor Hallicus brevis
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Tibialis Anterior

Question 165

Question
You notice the ischial tuberosity is positioned medial and anterior of desired location in the socket. Possible reasons may be:
Answer
  • ML too loose
  • ML too tight
  • AP too large
  • AP too small

Question 166

Question
Pain in the Scarpa's Triangle may be due to compresison of which nerve:
Answer
  • Obturator
  • Femoral
  • Sciatic
  • Common Peroneal
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