Describing states of matter
Types of matter (from 1 being least amount of energy to 4 being most amount of energy)
Where tempatures are extremlely high (on sun) plasma is known to exist
The state of matter that can exsist at extremely low temps is called a bose-einstein condensate
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There are forces of attraction between all matter _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Solids
Solids have a definate shape and volume because the particales in a solid vibrate in fixed locations
Most solids have particles that
Not all solids have a definate shape though
-example: copper can bend
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Liquids
Liquids do not have a definate shape but do have a definate volume
Liquid particles
Liquids have a stronger force of attraction compared to gases and solids
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Gases
Gases do not have a defined shape or volume
Because the particles quickly moving and are far apart the forces of attraction are too weak to have a noticable effect.
A phase change is the reversible physical change that takes place when a substance changes from one state to another
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Types of phase changes
Freezing - liquid to solid
Melting - solid to liquid
Vaporization (boiling) - liquid to gas
Condenstion- gas to liquid
Sublimation- solid to gas
Depostion- gas to solid
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The tempature during a phase change remains constant (doesnt change)
During a phase change it is either
-OR-
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Endothermic: Internal heat (adding heat/energy)
-ex. Melting ice cubes, Boiling water
Exothermic: External heat (removing heat/energy)
-ex. freezing ice cubs, burning sugar
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VAPORIZATION
Evaporation
- Vaporization is the phase change
- at the surface of a liquid
- below the boiling point of a liquid (takes longer)
Boiling
- Vaporization is the phase change
- throughout the liquid
- at the boilding point of a liquid (quicker)