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Types of arthroplasty
- Excision arthroplasty
- Removing a certain bone that articulates with a certain area.
- Not as common
- A space it left behind with scar tissue laid down to help with the healing process
- This is more common in the UE's
- Such as humeroradial joint injuries, fracture of the radial head, and so on
- This can be used on the LE's but is more for reconstruction
- Ex:) After multi-failed attempts of a THA
- Complications after surgery
- Joint instability
- Leg length discrepancy
- Constant muscular imbalance and weakness
- Excision arthroplasty with implant
- Similar to excision arthroplasty but the bone is replaced with a silicone flexible material.
- Interposition arthroplasty
- Mainly used to fix joint surfaces
- Can be used on patients who do not qualify as a candidate for total joint replacements such as children
- Most common is a CMC (carpometacarpal) joint of the thumb
- Joint replacement arthroplasty
- A total joint replacement basically
- Used to relieve pain and improve function
- Typical with severe OA patients
- Basic material review of arthroplasty
- Rigid
- Metal mostly
- Semirigid
- Plastic mostly
- Cemented
- Cement mainly used for older patients or patients with a sedentary life style
- Does eventually breakdown and cause pain
- Noncemented
- Use of biofixation such as ingrowth of bone to hold the prosthetic
- Hybrid
- One joint surface does not have cement and the another joint surface does
- Rigid
- Contradindications
- Mainly when patients are not a candidate for arthroplasty if this is seen report it if the patient is about to get surgery.
- Active infect of the joint
- Chronic osteomyelitis (Inflammation of the bone due to an infection)
- Substantial lost of bone
- Significant paralysis of musclses surrounding the joint