Karteikarten
Antibiotics - Absite
Karten in diesem Stapel (74)
- 1Antiseptickills and inhibits organisms on body
- 2DisinfectantKills and inhibits organisms on inanimate objects
- 3Sterilizationall organisms killed
- 4Common Antiseptics in surgeryIodophors (Betadine)
Chlorhexidine Gluconate (Hibiclens) - 5Iodophors (Betadine)Good for GPCs and GNRs
poor for fungi - 6Chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens)good for GPCs, GNRs and Fungi
- 7Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesispenicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems - 8Antibiotics that are inhibitors of 30s ribosome and protein synthesisTetracycline
Aminoglycosides (tobramycin, gentamicin)
Linezolid - 9Antibiotics inhibitors of 50s ribosome and protein synthesisErythromycin, Clindamycin, Synercid
- 10Antibiotic that is an inhibitor of DNA helicase (DNA gyrase)quinolones
- 11Antibiotic that is an inhibitor of RNA polymeraseRifampin
- 12MoA of FlagylProduces oxygen radicals that break up DNA
- 13MoA of SulfonamidesPABA analogue, inhibits purine synthesis
- 14MoA for Trimethopriminhibits dihydrofolate reductase
inhibits purine synthesis - 15Bacteriostatic antibioticstetracycline, clindamycin, erythromycin and bactrim
- 16Aminoglycosidehave irreversible binding to ribosome and are considered bactericidal
- 17Mechanism of antibiotic resistance of Penicillinsplasmids for beta-lactamase
- 18Most common method of antibiotic resistancetransfer of plasmids
- 19How did MRSA develop its resistance?mutation of cell wall binding protein
- 20How VRE developed resistanceresistance caused by mutation in cell wall binding protein
- 21how bugs develop gentamicin resistancemodifying enzymes leading to decrease in active transport of gentamicin into the bacteria
- 22Vancomycin Peak TroughPeak: 20-40mcg/mL
Trough: 6-10mcg/mL - 23Gentamicin Peak + TroughPeak: 6-10mcg/mL
Trough: <1mcg/mL - 24What to do if antibiotic peak too highdecrease amount of each dose
- 25What to do if antibiotic trough too highdecrease frequency of doses (increase time interval between doses)
- 26Bugs PCN killsstreptococci, syphilis, N. meningitidis, C. perfringens, beta-hemolytic strep, Anthrax
- 27Bugs PCN is not effective againstStaphylococcus or Enterococcus
- 28Name 3 anti-staph penicillinsOxacillin, Methacillin, Nafcillin
- 29Ampicillin + Amoxicillin kills which bugsSame as PCN and Enterococci
- 30What is Unasyn?Ampicillin/Sulbactam
Broad spectrum
Picks up GPCs (staph/strep)
GNR, +/- anaerobes, enterococci - 31What is Augmentin?Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid
Broad spectrum
Picks up GPCs (staph/strep)
GNR, +/- anaerobes, enterococci - 32Anti-pseudomonal penicillins and their side-effectsTicarcillin and Piperacillin
s/e: inhibits platelets, high salt load - 33What is Timentin?Ticarcillin/Clavulanic Acid
Broad Spectrum
Staph, strep, GNRs, Anaerobes
Enterococci, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
Serratia - 34What is Zosyn?Piperacillin/Tazobactam
Broad Spectrum
Staph, strep, GNRs, Anaerobes
Enterococci, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
Serratia - 35Side effects of Zosyn and Timentininhibits platelets; high salt load
- 36What are 1st Generation Cephalosporins?Cefazolin, Cephalexin
Staph and Strep
Does not penetrate CNS - 37What are 2nd Generation Cephalosporins?Cefoxitin, Cefotetan
GPCs, GNRs, +/- anaerobic
community acquired GNRs - 38What are 3rd Generation Cephalosporins?Ceftriaxone, Cefepime
GNRs mostly, +/- anaerobic coverage - 39s/e of 3rd generation cephalosporinscholestatic jaundice
(ceftriaxone causes sludging in GB) - 40MonobactamAztreonam
GNRs; pseudomonas, acinetobacter, Serratia - 41CarbapenemsMeropenem, Imipenem
given with Cilastatin
GPCs, GNRs, anaerobes - 42How Cilastatin helps with Carbapenems?prevents renal hydrolysis of the drugs and increases half-life
- 43Side Effects of CarbapenemsSeizures
- 44What is Bactrim?Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
GNRs +/- GPCs - 45Side effects of bactrimteratogenic, allergic rxn, renal damage, SJS, erythema multiforme, hemolysis in G6PD-deficienct pts
- 46Quinolones & side effectsCiprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Norfloxacin
Some GPCs, Mostly GNRs
Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Serratia
s/e: tendon rupture - 47Aminoglycosides & side effectsGentamicin, Tobramycin
GNRs, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Serratia
s/e: nephrotoxicity, irreversible ototoxicity - 48ErythromycinMacrolide
GPCs, best for CAP and atypical pneumonia
binds motilin receptor, prokinetic - 49Side effects or erythromycinPO: Nausea
IV: cholestasis - 50Vancomycin & side effectsGlycopeptide
GPCs, Enterococcus, C. diff, MRSA
Binds Cell Wall Proteins
s/e: HTN, Redman Syndrome, Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity - 51SynercidStreptogramin - Quinupristin - Dalfopristin
GPCs including MRSA, VRE - 52LinezolidOxazolidinones
GPCs; includes MRSA, VRE - 53Tetracycline and s/eGPCs, GNRs, Syphilis
s/e: tooth discoloration in children - 54Clindamycin &side effectsAnaerobes, some GPCs
good for aspiration pneumonia
tx: C. perfringens
s/e: pseudomembranous colitis - 55Side effects of Flagyldisulfram-like reaction
peripheral neuropathy - 56MoA of Amphotericinantifungal
binds ergosterols in wall an alters membrane permeability - 57Side effects of AmphotericinNephrotoxic, fever, hypokalemia, HoTN, anemia
(liposomal type has fewer side effects) - 58MoA of Voriconazoleantifungal
inhibits ergosterol synthesis - 59MoA of Anidulafungin, Micafungin, Caspofungininhibit synthesis of cell wall glucan
- 60Which antifungal medication should you use when patient is on prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics and have a feverAnidulafungin (or other -fungin)
- 61Medication for invasive aspergillosisVoriconazole
- 62Drug for CandidemiaAnidulafungin (or other fungin drug)
- 63Medication for fungal sepsis other than candida and aspergillusLiposomal Amphotericin
- 644 Antituberculosis DrugsIsoniazid
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol - 65MoA and side effects of Isoniazidinhibits mycolic aicds
s/e: hepatotoxicity, B6 deficiency - 66MoA and s/e of Rifampininhibits RNA polymerase
s/e: hepatotoxicity, GI symptoms
high rate of resistance - 67S/e of Pyrazinamidehepatotoxicity
- 68Side effect of Ethambutolretrobulbar neuritis
- 69Acyclovirinhibits viral DNA polymerase
used for HSV, EBV - 70Ganciclovir & side effectsinhibits viral DNA polymerase
used for CMV
decreased BM, CNS toxicity - 71Medications effective against Enterococcusampicillin/amoxicillin
vancomycin, Timetin/Zosyn - 72Medications effective for VRESynercid, Linezolid
- 73Medications effective fr Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and SerratiaTicarcillin/piperacillin
Timentin/Zosyn, 3rd generation cephalosporin, gentamicin, tobrymycin, meropenem/imipenem, or fluoroquinolone - 74Medications effective for MRSAVancomycin, Synercid, Linezolid
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- Beschreibung
- Surgery - Absite Review Karteikarten am Antibiotics - Absite, erstellt von Jennifer Huber am 04/06/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Jennifer Huber
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