Karteikarten
Topic 5 & 6
Karten in diesem Stapel (42)
- 1Pains of Imprisonement1. Loss of liberty
2. Deprivation of security
3. Loss of autonomy (dictated schedule)
4. Loss of heterosexual relatonships
5. Loss of goods and services - 220th century prison ideals1900's -> policy of normlization
1935 -> rehabilitative
1953 -> correction
1960s -> re-integrative ideology
1990s -> re-integrative ideology merged with psychological-based risk prediction ideology - 3Finland prisons- Focuses on fines instead of imprisonement (max 4 years in jail)
- Fines match your income
- Focus on rehabilitation
- Prison mimicks reality to facilitate reintegration - 4First-generation facilities- One long hallway of cells
- Intermittent supervision -> guards can only see cells in front of him, little contract with guards, stemmed + deviance - 52nd Generation Facilities- Indirect supervision -> minimal contact with guards, panopticon (all seeing eye), did not decrease level of deviance
- 1960s - 63rd Generation Facilities- Direct supervision -> each officer in charge of a pod of cells
- Break down barriers between prisoners
- Less violence/deviance in prison - 73 Prison Placement Components1. Likelihood of escape
2. Place others in danger
3. Violates prison rules - 87 Security Prison Levels1. Community sentence
2. Minimum security (1-2)
3. Medium institutions (3-5)
4. Maximum security (6)
5. Super max security (7) - 9Maximum security prisons- Often look old, like castles
- Very controlled and monitered
- For prisoners who can escape/cause harm - 10Medium security- More freedom
- Chain linked frence with barbed wire
- For inmates who can escape, but can't cause harm - 11Minimum Security- No walls, high towers/fences
- Can leave during sentence
- For prisoners who are considered no longer a risk of society - 12The SHUCanada's version of SUPER SUPER MAX prisons based on deviance within prisons
- 13P4W- Prison 4 women
- Established in 1934
- At first, max security with horrid conditions, no education opportunities and communication (letters sent) accepted
- 1994 riot - closed in 2000 & replaced with several smaller prisons - 14Total institutionA place where people are isolated from the rest of society for a set period of time and come under the control of officials who run the institution. Ex) army, psychiatry hospital, boarding school
- 15How is a prison a total institution?- Centralized authority (hierarchy)
- No individuality/privacy
- Rule governed behavior
- Activities, time and space control focused on institution goals of correction/treatment - 16Purpose of total institutions- Resocialization -> Radically changing a person's personality by carefully controlling their environment
- 2 part process - 172 part process of resocialization1. Staff tries to erode inmates autonomy and identity
2. Staff rebuilds personality using rewards and punishment
Risk -> institutionalization - 18PrisonizationSocialization process through which inmates learn accept norms, values and culture of the prison
- 19Inmate subcultureUnique social code of unwritten rules that tell inmates how to behave, think and interact with others.
- 20Doing Time- Prisonization
- Inmate subculture - 21Informal Rules of Social ControlThings that guide inmate behavior
Ex) don't be a rat, be tough, avoid prison economy, don't trust anyone, don't exploit inmates, show respect, know your place in the hierarchy
*Over the years, the code has been replaced by another - 22How does the inmate society develop?Deprivation model -> inmates develop a social system as a way to adapt with the pains of imprisonement
Importation model -> reflection of things are brought into prisons (pre-prison attitudes and values) - 23Prison subculturesMean dude, hedonist, opportunist, retreatist, colonist, religious and realist
- 24Colonist- Apart of prison subculture
- Have power and respect
- Have family in the prison
- Don't want to leave prison - 25Legalist- Apart of prison subcultures
- Fights the law even tho in the system - 26Retreatist- Apart of prison subcultures
- Isolates and retreats himself
- Always in mental facilities - 27Prison ArgotFish, hole, shank, goof/skinner -> sexual offender, rabbit -> tried to escape, six up -> oncoming guards, tipped up -> affilied with gang, hooped/suitcased -> smuggling contrabands in their ass
- 28What is conditional release?Prisoner gets to leave institution before their warrant expires. Offender subject to conditions and if violated he/she is revocated of their release.
- 29Conditional release in Canada1868 -> System of remission
1899 -> ticket of leave act -> gave governer general power to let a prisoner leave
1958 -> parole act -> parole board rules authority to allow release - 30The parole board (1958)- 2 provinces with parole boards : Ontario & Quebec others are overseen by the national parole board
- Granted -> less than 50% successful
- Denied -> reason given in writing - 31Parole Board Changes (1973)Before 1973, prisoners were just evaluated by the parole board but after that they got to appear before the parole board.
- 32ParoleDay vs. Full Parole
- 33Day Parol- Eligible after serving 1/6th of their sentence
- Max 4 months & renewable for up to 1 year
- Live in community facility, used to prepare for full parole
- Granted by the NPB - 34Full Parol- Eligible after serving 1/3 of sentence
- Live at their own residence
- Serve remainder of sentence in community under guidance of a parole officer
- Very strict at revoking privileges - 357 Factors Considered for parole1. Current offence
2. Involvement in treatment programs
3. Insight into behavior (mens rea)
4. Game plan for employment
5. Criminal record
6. Previous parole violations
7. Danger to society - 36Conditional Release Programs- Cold Turkey Release
- Temporary Absences (ETA vs. UTA)
- 4 Main Reasons - 37*Cold Turkey ReleasePrison -> waranty -> community
- 38Temporary absences- Decisions made by prison administration
- Can leave prison for a short amount of time
1) ETA (escorted) -> eligible at any point
2) UTA (unescorted) -> depends on lenght and type of sentence -> 1/6th of sentence -> few hours to 15 days - 394 Main Reasons considered for Conditional Release Program1) Compassionate reasons
2) Medical reasons
3) Administrative reasons
4) Family/community contact - 40Statutory Release- A mandatory release by law
- Most offenders must be released after serving 2/3 of their sentence if they were not granted parole
- Doesn't apply to life & indeterminate sentences
- Must follow standard conditions
- Can be reviewed if believed to be dangerous and can return to jail if conditions are breached - 41Faint Hope Clause (1976)- For prisoners whose sentence made them uneligible for parole for more than 15 years, the criminal is eligible for reduction in eligibility for parole depending on factors like conduct in prison and ect.
GRANTED -> Parole eligibility should be reduced permitting application for early parole - 42The "Olson Amendment"- Killed kids and applied for faint hope clause
- After his case, faint hope clause not effective for murders after Jan 9th 1997
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- University Intro To Crim (Intro to Crim) Karteikarten am Topic 5 & 6, erstellt von Tora Jay am 25/04/2015.
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- Tora Jay
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