Karteikarten
3a. Exercise Physio - Part II
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1SAID PrincipleSpecific Adaptations to Imposed Demand
- 2Neural adaptations in anerobic exerciseIncreased motor unit activation, firing frequency, and synchronization
-Decrease Golgi Tendon Organ Inhibition
-Selective recruitment (activate fast twitch before slow twitch for ballistic movements) - 3Muscular adaptations in anaerobic trainingIncreased muscle size; Fiber type transitions; Enhanced biochemical components (enzymes)
- 4Hyperplasia v HypertrophyHyperplasia is the generation of new muscle tissue
Hypertrophy is just the tissue getting bigger - 5What causes the uncoordinated motions when learning a new skill?Caused by concurrent recruitment of antagonistic motor units
- 6Why do you lose fine motor control during fatigue?Fatigue will lead to recruitment of larger motor units to maintain activity --> loss of fine control, greater energy expenditure
- 7What specifically in the muscle is increased during hypertrophy?Increased cross sectional area due to higher number of myofibrils
- 8Repair mechanism for muscleRecruitment of satellite cells induced by damaged muscle fibers and IGF. The satellite cells differentiate to myoblasts and fuse to damaged fibers while inhibiting myostatin (inhibits growth factor )
- 9What could be the enhanced biochemical components due to training?Increased motor plate end area; increased # ACh receptors; lower freq. alpha motor neurons required to produce force; lower mitochondrial density, lower capillary density, improved buffering capacity
- 10Workout for gaining strength?Low reps, heavy weight
- 11Workouts for power?lower reps, FAST movements
- 12Workouts for hypertrophyModerate Reps
- 13Workouts for higher endurance?high reps, lower weight
- 14How does Growth Hormone effect growth?Recruits cellular amino acid uptake and synthesis; increases lipolysis and collagen synthesis/cartilage growth; enhanced immune cell function and more bone growth
- 15Why are women more susceptible to ACL tears?Q-angle (wider hips), joint laxity, femoral notch dimensions, underdeveloped muscle tone, stupid coaches
- 16When would an individual experience the greatest rate of strength increase?During the first 4-6 weeks of resistance training
- 17Aerobic Training effects on the heartDoesn't spike the max heart rate but increases the Cardiac Output
- 18Why would increased plasma volume function to improve O2 deliveryincreased preload will result in hypertrophy of heart – in a beneficial way, starling forces will allow increased stroke volume as well
- 19Effects of Aerobic TrainingIncreased mito size and content, and increased oxidative enzymes, Higher capacity to use FFA and delays metabolic acidosis
- 20Effects of Aerobic training on muscle/vasculatureIncreased GLUT4 recruitment, increased capillary density by angiogenesis (VGEF), higher lactate clearance, increased release by alpha motor neurons, more acetylecholinesterase at the NMJ, and more nerve terminal sprouting
- 21Heat strokeLife threatening...occurs when cor temp exceeds 41C
- 22Aerobic condition and body heatmore aerobic conditioning improves body's ability to eliminate excess heat
- 23Types of Sweat GlandsApocrine: few, large diameter, body odor (lipid/carb rich secretion)
Eccrine: Temperature regulation - 24Structure of Eccrine GlandAll over the body since birth. Made of a secretory coiled gland (acinar cells) which release protein free fluid. Contains a resorptive duct to collect NaCl and H20
- 25Coil cells structure and physioIn the dermis. Pumps Cl- across the basolateral membrane (establishes neg gradient). NaCL follows via paracellular route through tight junctions
- 26Duct Cell structure and physiocontain ENaC and CFTR channels which pump Na and Cl back into the cell at the epidermis
Loss of solute free water (more water than salt) - 27NaCl concentration of sweatcontent will increase with increased rate of secretion
- 28Flow dependence– high stimulation results in large volume of primary secretion --> load exceeds capacity to reabsorb Na and Cl
NOTE: K remains nearly independent of flow - 29What hormone mediates NaCl re-absorption ?ALDOSTERONE
- 30Hyperthermia activates which sweat glands?Eccrine
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- Block 8, Third Series of Lectures By Evan (part II)
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