Karteikarten
Hard Determinism
Karten in diesem Stapel (20)
- 1What is hard determinism ?a incompatibilist, mechanistic approach to free will and determinism, whereby free will is an illusion and everything is determined, arguing science proves every cause (internal or external)
- 2What is the Leopold and Loeb case study?Clarence Darrow used determinist argument in Chicago, to argue that the two boys were not fully responsible for their badly executed plan to murder a neighbour boy Bobby Franks
- 3What was Darrow's conclusion?led him to say the boys were genetically and environmentally determined as well as being influenced by reading Nietszche
- 4What is the Marry Bell case study?a woman killed two young boys in Newcastle 1968 but was not held accountable because her mother abandoned her and potentially used her in prostitution
- 5What is the Thomas and Venables case study?murdered James Bulgar in 1993 Merseyside, their upbringing watching video nasties and the European court of Human Rights in 1999 said their trial in an adult court was unfair and a denial of their human rights
- 6What are the implications for moral responsibility if we accept determinism?we cannot be held morally responsible for our actions;
Nazis cannot be blamed for Holocaust and Mother Teresa cannot be praised for her good deeds as our actions are causally determined and not the result of free choice - 7Who thinks everything is determined both internally and externally?Ted Honderich
- 8What does Honderich say about event sin particular?an event is not an abstract idea but has an explanation or a case, an event is an effect of a cause and the effect is inescapable or a necessity
- 9What does he argue about the brain?there are states of the brainn that are effects of other physical states some correlate (e.g. walking and thinking) and other states of the brain are causes (things that occur in the brain and to the body)
- 10What does he believe is the 'truth' of determinism?that it is not an incompatibilist theory because the idea of free will is meaningless so it is incoherent to claim free will is incompatible with determinism
- 11But what does Honderich note about a deterministic lifestyle?it leads us to a sense of loss, what he calls loss of 'life hope' because if it is true then hopes for the future are lost and it would be futile to have them
- 12What does he call free will?origination; the ability to make a free choice )a choice which has no cause or preceding desire) - randomness
- 13But what does he say about humans and origniation?humans are incapable of origination
- 14Therefore determinism is...a black thing
- 15So if we do not respond with dismay to determinism we should...respond with intransigence and soldier on regardless
- 16What can be said against Honderich's hard determinism?- it is hard to find a philosophy which allows us to accept 'reality' - how can we live on without 'life hope'
- we do not carry on desiring that which we know we can't have, so would we give up on life? - 17What does John Locke put forward to argue for hard determinism ?the Locked door/ sleeping man analogy
- 18What is this analogy?a man is asleep in a locked room, on awakening he will stay in the room, unaware that it is locked. He has no freedom to choose as he cannot get out but he does not know this so 'freely' decides to stay in the room
- 19What does Locke believe?moral choice is an illusion, we simply think we are free when in reality we are not
- 20Despite being a soft determinist what does David Hume contribute?we can observe patterns in the physical world that can also be found int he decision we make, our decisions thus are casually determined, theoretically then we could predict the future
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Free Will and Determinism Karteikarten am Hard Determinism , erstellt von Zoe Bone am 24/04/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Zoe Bone
- Aufrufe
- 0
- Bewertung