GoConqr hat ein neues Design! Sag uns, wie es dir gefällt.

Kostenlos registrieren

Karteikarten

Alkanes

Gelöschter Nutzer Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Englisch 38 Karten

Alkanes

Karten in diesem Stapel (38)

  1. 1What is the general formula for alkanes?CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
  2. 2Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated compounds?Saturated
  3. 3Describe the structure of cycloalkanesCycloalkanes have a ring of carbon atoms with two hydrogens attached to each carbon
  4. 4What is the general formula for cycloalkanes?CₙH₂ₙ
  5. 5TRUE OR FALSE: Cycloalkanes are saturated compoundsTRUE
    Cycloalkanes contain only single C-C bonds but they are still considered saturated
  6. 6Name this compound:3,4-diethylheptaneName this compound:
  7. 7Name this compound:4-ethyl-5-propyloctaneName this compound:
  8. 8Name this compound:3,4-dimethyl-4,5-diethyl-5-propyloctaneName this compound:
  9. 9What is the shape of an alkane molecule?TetrahedralWhat is the shape of an alkane molecule?
  10. 10What is the bond angle around each carbon?109.5°
  11. 11In alkanes, what type of bond exists between carbon atoms, and between carbon and hydrogen atoms?Sigma (σ-) bond
  12. 12How are σ-bonds formed?Atomic orbitals on carbon and hydrogen atoms are positioned so that they overlap to form a new, shared orbital lying directly between the bonded atoms.How are σ-bonds formed?
  13. 13σ-bonds are the strongest type of covalent bond. What makes them so strong?The high electron density between the nuclei means there is a strong electrostatic attraction between the nuclei and the shared pair of electrons. This means that σ-bonds have a high bond enthalpy.
  14. 14TRUE OR FALSE: Bonded atoms are free to rotate around the σ-bondTRUE
    Whichever way the atoms point, the atomic orbitals between them will overlap
  15. 15TRUE OR FALSE: Alkanes are very reactiveFALSE
    They are UNreactive
  16. 16What types of reactions do alkanes undergo?Combustion with oxygen
    Substitution reactions with highly reactive free radical species
  17. 17Why do alkanes have a low reactivity?The C-C and C-H σ-bonds all have a large bond enthalpy, making them very strong and difficult to break
    The bonds are non-polar - they won't attract any positively or negatively charged particles
  18. 18What does the boiling point of an alkane depend on?Size
    Shape
  19. 19How does the size of an alkane affect the boiling point?The longer the carbon chain, the more London forces there are.
    Longer carbon chains have a larger molecular surface area so there is more surface contact between the molecules and there are more electrons to interact
  20. 20How does the shape of an alkane affect boiling point?A branched alkane has a lower boiling point than its straight-chain isomer.
    Branched-chain alkanes can't pack closely together and they have smaller molecular surface areas - so the London forces are reduced
  21. 21What are the two types of combustion?Complete
    Incomplete
  22. 22What are the products of complete combustion?Carbon dioxide
    Water
  23. 23Give the balanced symbol equation for the complete combustion of propaneC₃H₈ + 5O₂ --> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
  24. 24TRUE OR FALSE: Complete combustion reactions can happen with liquid alkanesFALSE
    Complete combustion reactions happen between GASES, so liquid alkanes have to be vaporised first
  25. 25TRUE OR FALSE Smaller alkanes turn into gases more easilyTRUE
  26. 26What is the term used to describe a substance's ability to turn into a gas?Volatility
  27. 27Complete the sentence: Smaller alkanes are _______ volatile, so they'll burn ______ easily tooSmaller alkanes are MORE volatile, so they'll burn MORE easily too.
  28. 28Alkanes make excellent fuels. Why?When alkanes burn, some energy is used to break the covalent bonds but more energy is released by forming the new products.
  29. 29Do larger alkanes or smaller alkalkanes release more energy per mole?Larger alkanes (more CO₂ and H₂O are formed)
  30. 30Alkanes make excellent fuels. What is the use of propane?Central heating
    Cooking fuel
  31. 31Alkanes make excellent fuels. What is the use of butane?Bottled and sold as camping gas
  32. 32What are petrol and diesel made up of?A mixture of alkanes and additives
  33. 33What are the products of incomplete combustion?Carbon monoxide
    Water
  34. 34Give the balanced symbol equation for the incomplete combustion of methane2CH₄ + 3O₂ --> 2CO + 4H₂O
  35. 35Why would breathing in carbon monoxide be dangerous?Carbon monoxide is better at binding to haemoglobin than oxygen is. This means that less oxygen will reach your cells
  36. 36What are the symptoms associated with carbon monoxide poisoning?Fatigue
    Headaches
    Nausea
  37. 37Name 3 appliances that produce carbon monoxideGas- or oil-fired boilers and heaters
    Gas stoves
    Cool or wood fires
    Cars
    (Any appliance that burns alkanes can produce CO)
  38. 38What could be done to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning?All appliances that use an alkane-based fuel need to be properly ventilated, checked and maintained regularly
    Carbon moonoxide detectors should be used

Informationen

Beschreibung
Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Karteikarten am Alkanes, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 12/03/2018.
Erstellt von
Gelöschter Nutzer
Aufrufe
12
Verlauf
  • Erstellt von Yinka F · 6 Mär 2018
  • Kopiert von Yinka F · 12 Mär 2018
Bewertung

Feedback

Worum geht es?

Wie gefällt dir das neue Design?

Dein Eindruck