Karteikarten
Cell signalling overview
Karten in diesem Stapel (13)
- 1lipophilic extracellular mediators jobs (steroids, retinoids & thyroxine)- modifications of cellular metabolism, function & movement
- modifications to gene expression & development - 2Hydrophilic EC mediators can't pass PM jobs post reception- enzyme activation & cascade
- 2nd messenger activation
- protein translocation
- transcription factor activation - 3cell-cell signalling e.g. Endocrine paracrine autocrine- blood-borne hormones
- Localised action growth factors and cytokines
- Growth factors and cytokines - 4EC Mediators - hormones (endo) - growth factors (para or auto) - steroid hormones (auto)- short-term metabolic effects
- long term proliferation/developmental effects
- long-term effects - 5receptor types & e.g. - GPCR's (7 alpha TMS) - RTK's (monomers) - Ion channels- short-term metabolic & movement changes e.g. B-adrenergic
- long-term changes in gene expression e.g. cytokine receptors such as interleukin-3
- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (Na+ channel) - 6Second messenger criteria- small & rapid conc. changes
- EC stimuli controlled & regulates enzyme activity or protein function
- amplification and highly specific interactions involved - 72nd M's examples - Cyclic nucleotides - lipid-derived messengers- cAMP & cGMP
- DAG & IP3 - 8cAMP jobs- Activates protein kinase A (PKA)
high Lipid breakdown; low glycogen synthesis - 9cGMP jobs- Activates protein kinase G (PKG)
- Opens cation channels in rod cells - 10DAG jobs- Activates protein kinase C (PKC)
- low Glycogen synthesis; high transcription - 11IP3 jobs- Opens Ca2+ channels in the endoplasmic reticulum
- Calcium ions are important second messengers
- Activates Ca2+-dependent protein kinases - 12Which aa's do kinases phosphorylate? STTSerine, threonine & tyrosine
- 13amplification example adrenaline- 1 adrenaline activates many adenylyl cyclase, one of which activates many cAMP.
- each cAMP activates one protein kinase A one of which activates many enzymes.
Response!!!
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- Uni BIOL 211: Cell biology Karteikarten am Cell signalling overview, erstellt von Jumael Zafar am 05/11/2019.
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- Jumael Zafar
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