Karteikarten
Miracles
Karten in diesem Stapel (25)
- 1Define miracleAn extraordinary event orchestrated by god, a special category of religious experience
- 2Give 2 defining factors of miracles-Public (involving witnesses)
-Supernatural - 3What are the 3 believers' definitions of miracle that Aquinas offers?-Events which are incredible but within the course of nature
-Events which are incredible & go against the course of nature
-Events which are incredible and go against the laws of nature - 4How does Hume define miracle?"transgression of a law of nature by a particular volition of the deity"
- 5What is Hume's approach to miracles known as?The violation definition
- 6What did David Jenkins say?That he was "wholly uncertain about the empty tomb as a literal historical fact"
- 7Give the 7 steps of Hume's case against miracles-The laws of nature are inductive possibilities
-The greater the number of observations, the more highly probable they become
-They are as nearly certain as any understanding can be
-Miracles are, by definition, a breach of these highly probable laws
-Thus they are highly improbable
-It is irrational to believe the highly improbable
-Therefore it's irrational to believe in miracles - 8What does the violation definition assume?That we know the laws of nature
- 9How does McKinnon criticise Hume?He says that if the laws of nature describe the actual course of events then to define a miracle as Hume does is to call it an event which goes against the natural course of events. This is self-contradictory.
- 10How is Hume's argument developed?-Human error is an everyday experience, miracles aren't
-No miracle has been attested by 'a sufficient number'
-Humans have a natural predisposition to suspend disbelief & accept
-Belief in the supernatural comes from barbarous ancestors
-All religions have miracle claims- they can't all be true - 11What does Swinburne say about miracles?As well as breaking a law of nature, a miracle must have religious significance
- 12What is Flew's opinion on miracles?-A historian could only have evidence of a miracle if they witnessed it
-We can only make conclusions based on evidence that historians have verified eg. dead people don't normally come back to life - 13What is CS Lewis' opinion on miracles?-We are either naturalists or supernaturalists
-Naturalists are self-defeating because they think their decision to be a naturalist is naturally caused
-Supernaturalists must accept the possibility of miracles - 14How are miracles presented in the Old Testament?Acts of god that help the faithful & punish the wicked
- 15Give an example of an Old Testament miracleThe parting of the Red Sea
- 16What are the 3 categories of New testament miracle?-Healing
-Exorcism
-Nature - 17How does John's gospel refer to miracles?As signs
- 18How did Gunkel interpret miracles?To be understood in the context of the time & culture in which they were performed
- 19How did Bultmann interpret miracles?Statements of faith by early believers
- 20Why is the resurrection so important?It confirms that Jesus is the son of god & can give his followers eternal life
- 21What is Swinburne's opinion on miracles?-A loving parent may sometimes relax rules
-So does god
-If miracles were regular we wouldn't know when scientific laws were going to be in place or try to progress as a species - 22What is Polkinhorne's view on miracles?-All science can tell us is that an event is against normal expectations
-The consequences of the laws of nature can change when we enter a "new regime"
-The resurrection is crucial because it brings about a new age in god's dealings with people - 23What is Wiles' criticism of miracles?-A god that does miracles would be arbitrary & partisan
-God's goodness & miracles are incompatible
-God's single miracle was creation
-Biblical miracles are symbolic
-It's better to believe in a god that doesn't do miracles than one that is immoral
-God is still sustaining creation - 24Give 3 strengths of Wiles-Appeals to educated believers
-Could solve the problem of evil
-Reinterprets prayer- it's not a wish list but a connection - 25Give 3 weaknesses of Wiles-Does not match with traditional Christian teachings
-To suggest that miracles show god's love and power loses impact if he can't intervene
-It's not appropriate to make god conform to human rationality
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- A level Philosophy Karteikarten am Miracles, erstellt von iantojones3 am 30/05/2015.
- Erstellt von
- iantojones3
- Aufrufe
- 0
- Bewertung