Karteikarten
ex phys exam notes
Karten in diesem Stapel (45)
- 1movement of air into and out of the lungspulmonary ventilation
- 2Boyle's lawinverse relationship between volume and pressure
- 3percentage of oxygen in air20.93%
- 4partial pressure of O2 in the atmosphere at sea level159mmHg
- 5The partial pressure of O2 in deoxygenated blood returning from the muscles40mmHg
- 698% of oxygen transported in the blood isBound to haemoglobin
- 7Each gram of Hb can carry1.34 ml O2
- 8Normal Hb concentration for males/femalesmales - 14-18g/100ml blood
females - 12-16g/100ml blood - 9The binding of O2 and haemoglobin ↑↑ in pH
- 10Vital capacitysum of expiratory RV, inspiratory RV and tidal V
- 11Ventilation increases due to1 ↑ in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood
2 ↓ in muscle pH
3 Movement sensed in joints and muscles - 12The pH of arterial blood is generally ________ venous bloodhigher than
- 13↑ in ventilation (hyperventilation) will ↓PCO2
- 14The first ventilation threshold is an indication of↑ in buffering of H+
↑ of CO2 production in the body
↑ in anaerobic metabolism/anaerobic glycolysis - 15Cardiovascular drift↓ in stroke volume
↓ in plasma volume - 16An ↑ in total blood volume may ↑ exercise performance because of↑ in EDV leading to an ↑ in stroke volume
- 17EPOC occurs in order toResynthesis ATP and PCr
Restore oxygen to myoglobin and haemoglobin - 18The a-v O2 difference ↑ with exercise becauseof a ↓ in venous concentration of O2
- 19Hemoconcentration occurs because ofA ↓ in plasma volume
- 20During exercise the initial hemoconcentration effects are caused byHydrostatic and osmotic pressure
- 21Low blood pressure causes↑ in sympathetic activity
↑ in fluid retention - 22The intensity an athlete may be able to hold for 2-3 minutes is most likely to be limited bycardiac output
- 23The primary immediate compensatory response to acute altitude exposure (above 2800m) isHyperventilation
- 24Long term adjustments to altitude includeChanges in body mass and composition
Increased myoglobin
Increased 2,3-DPG levels
Increased capillary density - 25If a person at high altitude presented with a headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia they likely have the following altitude related illnessAcute Mountain Sickness (AMS)
- 26Hyperventilation caused by altitude causesAn increase in pH
- 27Prolonged exposure (i.e., 3 weeks) to altitude (above 2800m) causes VO2max measured at sea level toDecrease
- 28The physiological factor(s) which determine ones endurance capability is/areVO2max, anaerobic threshold, economy
- 29List the primary (1) and all the secondary criteria (4) used to determine if an athlete has reached VO2maxPrimary- Plateau in VO2
RER above 1.1
HR max + 10 bpm from 220-age
blood lactate > 8 mmol×L-1
RPE above 17 - 30With regards to endurance sport, cross training is a useful training tool typically used toMaintain or improve central cardiovascular adaptations
- 31methods for measuring ones exercise intensityHeart rate
Speed
VO2
Lactate
RPE
Power Output - 32After 8 weeks of endurance training you should expect an athlete’s tidal volume at rest toStay the same
- 33Following 8 weeks of endurance training an athlete’s maximal VE will ↑ because ofAn ↑ in tidal volume
An ↑ in breath frequency - 34What four factors are responsible for the ↑ in stroke volume that is observed following prolonged training↑ plasma volume
↑ left ventricular mass (muscle)
Greater stretch and more elastic recoil
More forceful contraction - 35Ejection Fraction increases following training because ofgreater systolic emptying
greater diastolic filling
greater stretch and recoil of the heart - 36Maximal cardiac output will ↑ following endurance training because ofan ↑ in stroke volume
- 37Following 8 weeks of endurance training an athlete will usually experience an ↑ inPlasma volume
Haemoglobin mass - 38Compared with adults, children will tend to have a higher _____ and _____ at any given submaximal workloadheart rate
A-V O2 difference - 39VO2max may be reduced in aged populations because of↓ in maximal heart rate
↓ in stroke volume
↓ in skeletal muscle blood flow
↑ in peripheral resistance - 40Age-related sarcopenia refers to↓ in muscle mass due to aging
- 41Normal haemoglobin and haematocrit of a female athlete would be14.0 g/dL and 44%, respectively
- 42Death of heart tissue caused by blockage of a coronary artery leads toMyocardial infarction
- 43High blood pressure may be related to an ↑ in the risk of cardiovascular disease becauseIt provides evidence of an ↑ in peripheral resistance
It places ↑ strain on arteries causing damage
It places ↑ strain on the heart - 44Angioplasty is a method for treating coronary artery disease byInserting a balloon past the blockage and inflating and removing to remove blockage
- 45The condition by which hyperirritability of the pulmonary airways causes bronchoconstriction is known asAsthma
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- Karteikarten am ex phys exam notes, erstellt von Liam Dobson am 02/06/2015.
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