Karteikarten
BMS 110 Ch. 2 Unit 1
Karten in diesem Stapel (36)
- 1atomsnonliving raw building materials to make livings thing
-basic units of matter
-smallest properties of element - 2elementpure substance, can't be broken down physically or chemically
-contains only 1 type of atom - 3main 4 elements in organismshydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
- 4trace element & examplesone that makes up less than 0.01% of body weight
-can be toxic in large amounts
ex: iron, arsenic, selenium, fluorine - 5subunits of an atomprotons, neutrons, electrons
- 6how many elements were created artificially by scientists?more than 90
- 7protons1 or more
positive charge (+1)
in nucleus of atom - 8neutrons1 or more
no charge (+/- 0)
in nucleus of atom - 9electronsusually equal to # of protons if it isn't an ion
negative charge (-1) - 10atomic ## of protons
- 11mass #sum of protons & neutrons
- 12isotopemore or fewer neutrons than most common number (same # protons, diff # neutrons)
-most elements have at least 2 isotopes
-can be used in metabolic activities - 13radioactive isotopesisotope with unstable nucleus which spontaneously decays to new, stable atom which then is not radioactive
-stabilizes itself by emitting energy - 14radioactive decay rates can...determine age of really old substances
- 15we almost never see ________ in real lifepure elements
- 16radioactive emissions can reveal...activity of body cells which allows doctors to track disease's course without surgery
- 17PETposition emission tomography - uses radioisotopes to detect tumors
- 18tracermolecule which radioisotopes are substituted for some atoms; scanner detects radioactivity (cells in cancerous tumors take up tracer faster than surrounding cells)
- 19what determines if an atom will interact with other atoms?how many electrons it has in valence shell
- 20what forms molecules?chemical bonds between atoms
- 21what charges attract/repel each other?opposite charges attract each other
same charges repel each other - 22electrons that can occupy the 1st 3 shells/orbitals1st shell/orbital = 2
2nd shell/orbital = 8
3rd shell/orbital = 8 - 23what is simplest atom & why?hydrogen - only has 1 electron is single shell (atomic # = 1)
- 24energy levels in relation to shellsshells closest to nucleus are lowest energy level; shells further out are at higher energy level
- 25atoms would rather have...full shell of electrons than have no charge
- 26chemical bondlink between atoms when electrons interact; atoms become molecules
-provides stability - 27atom is most stable when...outer shell is filled
- 28inert atoms def & exampleswhen an atom/element has no vacancies in outer shell
-don't participate in reactions/don't react with other atoms
ex: helium, neon, argon - 29compound2 or more elements in proportions that never vary
ex: CO2 - 30mixture2 or more kinds of molecules mingle in proportions that may or may not be the same
ex: sucrose & water - 31oxidationprocess in which atom/molecule loses 1 or more electrons to another atom/molecule
- 32reductionprocess in which an atom/molecule gains 1 or more electrons
- 33when the electrons = the protons, the atom carries...no charge
- 34when atom loses an electron, charge becomes+1
- 35when atom gains an electron, charge becomes-1
- 36ion defwhen an atom gains/loses an electron, balance between protons & electrons changes so it has a positive/negative charge
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- Der Nutzer hat seine Fachbereichs-Information gelöscht. Karteikarten am BMS 110 Ch. 2 Unit 1, erstellt von Gelöschter Nutzer am 10/09/2021.
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- Erstellt von Makenna Ornes · 10 Sep 2021
- Kopiert von Makenna Ornes · 10 Sep 2021
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