Karteikarten
November 12
Karten in diesem Stapel (114)
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- 2“Bridge Over Troubled Water" Artist, Year, Genre, Original Artist and Arrangement, Which 4 genres does it mix?Artist: Aretha Franklin
Year: 1971
Genre: Soul music
- Cover of song by Simon & Garfunkel
- Arranged by Franklin
- Mixes genres: gospel, pop, blues, R&B - 3"Bridge Over Troubled Water" Form (listening practice)Verse 2: "When you're down and out, When you're on the street, When evening falls so hard, I will comfort you, I'll take your part, Oh when darkness comes, And pain is all, is all around"
Verse 3: "Sail on silver girl, sail on by, Your time has come to shine, All of your dreams are on their way (See how they shine?), Ooh and if you ever need a friend (Need a friend), Look around, I'm sailing right behind" - 4“Blue" Artist, Year, Genre, Themes, Images, Form PatternArtist: Joni Mitchell
Year: 1971
Genre: (Soul?) Ballad, singer-songwriter
Themes: romantic loss and artistic creativity
Images: sailor tattoo, lacerations of love, needle tracks of drug use, pen and ink on paper
Form: aabbbaa, free form, not set verse/chorus - 5"Blue" Form 1 (Listening practice)Free approach to form (aabbbaa)—use of a and b phrases. Not set verse/chorus form.
- 6"Blue" Form 2 (Listening practice)
- 7“Home Sweet Home" Artist, Year, Genre, FeaturesArtist: Motley Crue
Year: 1985
Genre: Heavy Metal Power Ballad
Features: piano introduction and conclusion; 1st chorus introduces rock elements (drums, electric guitars); guitar solo - 8"Home Sweet Home" Form 1 (Listening practice)Verse 1:
"You know I'm a dreamer, But my heart's of gold, I had to run away high, So I wouldn't come home low, Just when things went right, It doesn't mean they were always wrong, Just take this song, And you'll never feel left all alone, Take me to your heart, Feel me in your bones, Just one more night, And I'm coming off this long and winding"
Chorus:
"I'm on my way, I'm on my way, Home sweet home, Tonight, tonight, I'm on my way, I'm on my way, Home sweet home"
- 9"Home Sweet Home" Form 2 (Listening practice)Verse 2:
"You know that I've seen, Too many romantic dreams, Up in lights, falling off the silver screen, My heart's like an open book, For the whole world to read, Sometime nothing keeps me together at the seams"
Chorus:
"I'm on my way, I'm on my way,
Home sweet home
Tonight, tonight, I'm on my way, Just set me free, Home sweet home, Home sweet home, Home sweet home, Home sweet home" - 10“Someone Like You" Artist, Co-writer, Year, GenreArtist: Adele
Co-writer: Dan Wilson
Year: 2011
Genre: (Piano) Ballad, Singer-songwriter - 11“Someone Like You" Which emotion does it evoke and how?Creates sorrow by :
•Verse: repeated descending chords
•Mix of minor and major chords
•Similar to descending chords used to convey an unending sorrow in 17th-century opera (ex. Monteverdi, Lament of the Nymph) - 12"Someone Like You" Form (Listening practice)Verse (Descending chords)
Pre-chorus
Chorus
- 13“You Can’t Hurry Love" Artist, Year, Genre, WriterArtist: The Supremes
Year: 1966
Genre: Motown Dance Music
Writer: Holland-Dozier-Holland
(Eddie Holland, Lamont Dozier, Brian Holland) - 14"You Can't Hurry Love" FeaturesFeatures:
- three basic sections; verse, chorus, bridge
- hook: repeats the shit out of the hook
- tension: in bridge
- surprise: verse disappears, returns at end - 15"You Can't Hurry Love" Explain the groove (3)- song begins with a buildup (no vocals, instrumental parts added on top of each other)
- bass repeats a one-bar rhythm (emphasis on beat 2)
- tambourine on beats 2 and 4 - 16"You can't hurry love" Form 1 (Listening practice)
- 17"You can't hurry love" Form 2 (Listening practice)
- 18"You can't hurry love" Form 3 (Listening practice)
- 19"You can't hurry love" Form 4 (Listening practice)
- 20"You can't hurry love" Form 5 (Listening practice)
- 21“Say It Loud—I’m Black and I’m Proud" Artist, Year, GenreArtist: James Brown
Year: 1968
Genre: Funk Dance Music - 22Explain the groove of "Say it Loud - I'm black and I'm proud"3 layers
1. bass: a one-bar line that is repeated; heavy emphasis on beat one
2. horns: a five-measure phrase
3. vocals: call/response between james and kid backup singers - 23“Say It Loud—I’m Black and I’m Proud" Features- Vocals: call/response between James and Kids
- Complicated grooves (1, 2, and 5 bar patterns)
- Lyrics: upfront about injustices suffered by African Americans; exhorts them to demand equality - 24“Say It Loud—I’m Black and I’m Proud" Form (Listening practice)
- 25“Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)" Artist, Founder/Leader, Year, GenreArtist: Parliament
Founder/Leader: George Clinton
Year: 1976
Genre: Funk Dance Music - 26“Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)" Features- bigger band, more layers
- several melodies
- three large buildup sections - 27Remix of “Hit and Run" Remix DJ, Original artist, Year, GenreRemix DJ: Walter Gibbons
OG: Loleatta Holloway
Year: 1977
Genre: Remix of Disco Dance - 28Remix of “Hit and Run" How does the remix and original of "Hit and Run" differ?Original has 2 halves: (1) Verse/chorus (2) Esctatic Moaning
Gibbons: creates an 11 minute- track divided into 3 sections (1) verse/chorus (2) esctactic moaning (3) buildup/instrumental solos - 29Remix of “Hit and Run" What instrument does Walter Gibbons use?Vibraphone
- 30Remix of “Hit and Run" Form (Listening Practice)3 sections
(1) verse/chorus (0:00-2:03)
(2) estactic moaning (2:04-7:17)
(3) buildup/instrumentals (7:18-10:56) - 31“You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real)" Artist, Year, Genre, Where did it originate, FeaturesArtist: Sylvester
Year: 1978
Genre: Disco
Origins: San Francisco gay clubs
Features: challenged gay macho ideal, originally a slow ballad, prominent synthesizer + sexual experience (like Moroder), constantly changing identities (m/f continuum) in MV, dense layers - 32“Baby Wants to Ride" Artist, Year, GenreArtist: Frankie Knuckles
Year: 1987
Genre: House Music - 33“Baby Wants to Ride" FeaturesLyrics:
- religion and sex combined
-religious elements: prayer
- spoken parts
- protest against apartheid in South Africa; calls US "fascist regime" that's "full of hate"
Music:
- Drum machines
- Heavy four on the floor
- Synthesizers (two layers)
- Mix of sensual voices + synthesizer that carried over from DIsco - 34End of Listening Portion!Yay!
- 35When did Soul Music begin?- Rise 1960s
- 36What was the musical, cultural, and emotional meaning of Soul Music?As a genre soul had many meanings.
- Musical: A mix of African American genres: gospel, blues, and R&B. And a mix of those genres with pop.
- Cultural: An importance voice of African American culture during the Civil Rights period
- Emotions (!): A desire for freedom of emotional expression, depth and authenticity. - 37Which genre was the foundation for Soul Music?Gospel: based on the idea of musical and emotional spontaneity.
- 38Name 2 musicians who brought elements of gospel music into popular musicLittle Richard, Aretha Franklin
- 39Singer-songwriter genre: when did it appear?The term appears in the early 1970s
- 40Singer-songwriter genre: who are examples?Ex. Joni Mitchell, Leonard Cohen
- 41Singer-songwriter genre: What are its qualities?- Writer and performer are the same people
- (1) Emotion: emotional honesty and confession
- (2) Intimacy: small-scale setup
- Lyrics: Poetic, symbolic images
- Musical qualities: usually just singer with guitar or piano. - 42When did Power Ballads begin? Who started it?1970s
The origins: recordings by Barry Manilow in the 1970s, which created the power ballad formula. - 43What is the most important feature of power ballads? And what is 1 common feature?Continuous escalation.
•music gets louder
•instrumental forces get bigger
•beat becomes more forceful
• singing gets more passionate
Most power ballads (not all) conclude with a sudden modulation (change of key) up a step (the “truck driver modulation”) - 44When did heavy metal power ballads begin?1980s
Rock groups start making ballads - 45Which heavy metal subgenre in particular adopted power ballads?Hair metal
- 46Name 3 ways that Heavy Metal power ballads created a "clash of values"(1) emotion: romantic emotions perceived as antithetical to heavy metal
(1) gender/sexuality: misogyny, homophobia; seen as feminine
(3) commercial success: sellouts - 47Name 2 pop artists who had tremendous success with power balladsWhitney Houston and Celine Dion
- 48What are the emotional qualities of power ballads?- emotional escalation to match the musical escalation
- emotional intensity: euphoric rush in which it is hard to clarify specific emotions. (listeners can experience contrasting emotions). - 49Frank Ocean's "Bad Religion" uses the same 4 chords as which song? What is it about?- Adele's "Someone like you"
- Confession: coming out - 50Olivia Rodrigo's "Driver's License" is comparable to a historical ballad. Which one and why?Johnny Ray’s “Cry” (1951)
Both speak to adolescent emotional pain - 51How does "Driver's License" fit into the history of breakup songs/albums?• The story of the song and people involved are well known, as opposed to Joni Mitchell’s Blue or even Adele’s albums.
• Usual progression of working through pain and moving forward - 52How does "Driver's License" fit into the history of singer/songwriter albums?• Lyrics are not as veiled or poetic as in earlier singer/songwriter albums.
- 53What are the 3 characteristics of dance music?1. The beat
2. The dance club as a world apart
(own social rules and expectations, ex. race/gender/sexuality)
3. The world outside the club
(music can comment on social issues or reflect changes in society) - 54What was Motown? Where did it begin? Who started it?Motown studio
Detroit
Berry Gordy - 55Name 3 popular acts by MotownStevie Wonder
Marvin Gaye
Jackson 5 - 56What was the secret to the "Motown sound"?1. Bass
2. Vocals, memorable melodic lines
3. Gospel touches
4. Great grooves - 57What was the name of the Motown House Band?The Funk Brothers
- 58Characteristics of the "Motown Groove"- many layers
- layers interlock - 59Using Motown's "Aint Too Proud to Beg" as an example, how do the drum layers "interlock"?2 drum parts
- 1 drum = steady 4
- 1 drum - 8th notes - 60According to Motown, what makes a hit song? (2)1. Hooks - (repeat the shit out of it)
2. Tension - create tension w/ a contrasting section or through repetition and then resolve tension - 61How does Motown fit into the Civil Rights struggle?2 factions:
- MLK Jr: non-violence, integration
- Nation of Islam/Malcom X: condoned violence, separation
Berry Gordy supported MLK Jr. He wanted music to be entertainment, free of social issues.
"Racial uplift": Wanted sophisticated, polished image. - 62What is Marvin Gaye's "What's Going On" about?Social unrest, protests, Vietnam war
- 63How does "Uptown Funk" use traditional funk features?- grooves built upon baseline
- lots of layers
- prominent horn section
- gets you dancing - 64How does "Uptown Funk" differ from traditional funk?- emphasis on hooks
- grooves don't build up
- none of the "changing same"
- no eruptions of esctasy (like James Brown) - 65When and where did Disco begin?- early 1970s
- NYC (european-style discotheques and small clubs for marginalized communities) - 66What are the two musical seeds for Disco?(1) Funk
(2) Philadelphia Soul (named after Philadelphia International Records) - 67Disco loved synthesizers. Which producer was known for his synthesizers?Giorgio Moroder
- mix of synthesizers (mechanical) with sexual (human sounds) - 68Disco was the first genre where...- Recorded music was valued more than the live performance
- Role of DJ - 69When did Disco "die"? What event is it associated with?1979: "death year of disco" on Disco Demolition Night in Chicago; backlack against gay/African American associations of disco
But disco is still very much alive today, provided grooves for many hip hop songs - 70What was unique about Sly and the Family Stone?- large (Funk music characteristic: band --> collective)
- mixed race, women as prominent instrumentalists
thus: funk emerges as a socially progressive, utopian genre - 71What's the long title of Sly and the Family Stone's song?Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Again”) (1969)
- 72House Music What is it? Where did it originate? Who was the leading DJ?- one of the main branches of EDM
- Chicago ("The Warehouse" a club catering to LGBT Black and Latinx dancers)
- Frankie Knuckles - 73Characteristics of House Music- mix of disco, funk, soul, and Euro-disco (synthesizer)
- Vocals, gospel, spoken parts
- Drum machines (TR 909)
- Religious topics, sermons about acceptance and community - 74Name 3 subgenres of House Music that we studiedAcid house
Tech house
Progressive house - 75Acid House Where did it originate? Who started it? Name of essential technology? Associated with?- Chicago, spread to UK's rave culture
- "Acid Tracks" by Chicago DJ group Phuture
- Bass synthesizer TB 303
- Associated with drug use
- strange, technological noises (vs. early house music's uplifting, soulful vocals) - 76Tech house When/where did it originate? What 2 streams of EDM does it combine? Describe the style- 1990s UK
- combines two main streams of EDM (beats of house and minimalism of techno)
- Austere/dark (vs. idealism of rave culture) - 77Progressive House Where did it originate? What makes it "progressive"?- rave culture of UK
- more involved/complex, longer - 78A Tribe Called Red Who are they? Who are their two members? What is their new name? What's unique about them?- A DJ Crew
- "Bear Witness" and "2oolman"
- The Halluci Nation
- combine pow wow + edm to demonstrate "fluidity of tradition" vs "rigidity of colonialism", mix two genres of dance music, make a political statement - 79Name 4 MUSICAL characteristics of Dubstep- austere (intense) sounds
- sparse mixes (high and low sounds)
- emphasis on bass (wobble bass)
- bass drop - 80Excision's "Vault" samples how many songs before the bass drop?- 13 songs
- 81How did raves capture the idea of the dance club as a "separate world"? (4)1. locations: secret, out-of-the-way
2. PLUR: own social attitudes/expectations
3. drug use
4. distinct sound, look, fashion - 82What was the "manifesto" of the early rave scene?PLUR
- 83What does PLUR stand for?peace, love, unity, respect
- 84Similarities between 1990s raves and today's raves (2)1. "fantasy and fancy dress" - a separate world where you can escape and have a new identity
2. drugs (downplayed today) - 85Differences between 1990s raves and today (1)Commercial enterprise today > secretive 90s raves
- sponsorship, profit-making opportunities - 86What Simon Reynold's article say about raves?1990s raves were glorious, 2000's had potential but it became all about $$ and events themselves > music
- 87Matos, Yoo, and Sherburne criticize the cliches of EDM but repeat the cliche story of genre death. What are their 4 basic points?1. Commercialism
2. Formulaic products (the more popular, the more it will become standardized)
3. More about spectacle (fashion, events) than music
4. A music/scene that strays away from original impulses - 88Example of an artist who took up a popular genre b/c it offered commercial interestDonna Summer, took up disco
- 89What 4 themes are found in Joni Mitchells' "Blue" Album?Romantic loss, artistic creativity, homesickness, and weariness.
- 90Which 17th century opera does Adele's "Someone like you" resemble?Monteverdi, "Lament of the Nymph"
- 91Who helped Sylvester turn "You make me feel (mighty real)" into a disco song?DJ Patrick Cowley
- 92What is a ballad?1. Narrative songs - tell stories in a series of stanzas, each sung to the same music
2. Popular songs set to a slow tempo that deal with themes of love and loss - 93What are the musical qualities of a ballad?- slow tempo
- long melodic lines
- rich harmonies - 94Lyrical qualities of balladsThemes of love and loss
- 95Is ballad a genre?Yes, but it's different because it can appear across genres
- 96Ballads are all aboutEmotions!
- feel emotions of love/loss in heightened ways
- can be about private affairs, but also have larger cultural significance - 97What did Holland-Dozier-Holand think makes a great song?1. hooks (find a great tune, repeat it)
2. tension (create tension, then resolve it) - 983 unique features of funk1. groove (like motown)
2. social commentary (race relations in America)
3. band (new conceptions of what a band could be: how large and what it represents) - 99What is the "changing same"A feature of funk music
"Changing same:" continuity of groove but also changes in the upper parts
-draw out an ecstatic feel
- time resolves - 100Who sang "Never can say goodbye"? What genre is it?Disco
- 1971: Jackson 5
- 1974: Gloria Gaynor, produced by Tom Moulton - 101Who produced "I wanna funk with you tonite" and "love to love you baby"? Who sung the latter?Giorgio Moroder
(Mix of synthesizers, strings, and sexual lyrics, sexualized voices)
"Love to love you" sang by Donna Summer - 102Disco and queer history- disco became closely associated with visible gay male population
- growing # of dance clubs after 1969 stonewall riots - 103"Gay macho": where did it take off? what's a famous song associated with it?- NYC/San Francisco
- "Macho man" by The Village People - 104Why did Sylvester never become the hit that the Village People did?1. "uneasy" --> Mainstream audiences uneasy with him
2. "effiminate" --> Some gay listeners and dancers found him too effeminate
3. "racial prejudice" --> racial prejudices in the gay community—many dance clubs largely geared towards white dancers. - 105What is the "sexual experience" in Sylvester's "You make me feel (mighty real)"? Or what does he mean by "mighty real"?1. Whatever Sylvester feels on the floor—whoever he feels it with—it makes him feel “mighty real”
2. Contrary to dominant social views, the song upholds a fleeting club sexual experience as rich and pleasurable.
3. Being gay, black, and trans can mean being “real.” - 106Name a movie about discoSaturday Night Fever
- 107What is "disco's revenge"?Frankie Knuckles called house music “disco’s revenge”
- 108First Record Released by a House Music DJJesse Saunders, “On and On”
- 109Example of Progressive House artistDeadmau5 "Strobe"
- 110Example of Tech House artistHousey Doingz "Gobstopper"
- 111Example of DJs crossing over into popular music as producersDavid Guetta, Skrillex, Avicci
- 112Characteristics of Pow wow musicWho: celebrations and social gatherings held by many First Nations.
Where: Held on reserves or in urban areas.
What: - dance
- music: drum circle, with lead drummer
- singing: high male voices, lead singer - 113Name a track by A Tribe Called Red"Burn your village" and "Stadium pow wow music"
- 114Name a female Dubstep DJKhiva
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- Karteikarten am November 12, erstellt von Sophia Lee am 02/11/2021.
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