Karteikarten
IFH2
Karten in diesem Stapel (59)
- 1LPV approaches are some of the best, most accurate and where offered we should default to them but what’s a scenario where we might want to choose an LNAV or LNAV/VNAV instead?There are places where the LNAV may have lower visibility minimums by using a turn to get around obstacles where an LPV, restricted to straight ins must publish higher minimums. In that scenario and under limited visibility conditions, together with ceilings high enough where MDA break out is likely to be successful, these would be the better choice,
- 2When flying the LPV or LNAV/VNAV, you should always plan and expect to fly the LNAV instead -why?You May not know which minimums become authorized by your GPS receiver until the FAF becomes the active waypoint.
- 3Suppose it’s a green light for all the approaches, what’s another great reason to choose the LNAV?Marginal VFR WX is good enough that the traffic pattern is full. You May be legally permitted to shoot a straight in if yielding ROW to all others, but is that an easy thing? You may also be permitted to circle but might that not be hazardous? Wouldn’t it be better to stay high at pattern altitude and join the conga line?
- 4Suppose you’re cleared direct to a fix, which may or may not be in your FPL, you push direct to, select the fix and activate. Later, before reaching the fix, the plan or ATC instructions change and you need to cancel. What’s the easiest way? What becomes the default NAV?Push direct to again then menus and select “Cancel Direct to NAV” The GPS Will resume following the FPL from the. nearest leg.
- 5How to find nearest airportThree or more large knob clicks right.
- 6Another cool direct to method from your flight planDirect to, turn large FMS Knob three clicks to highlight FPL Field then turn small knob to scroll, highlight and enter twice to select and activate.
- 7What are the four page groups accessed by the large FMS knob?MAP
WPT
AUX
NRST - 8What’s signified by magenta U-turn arrow and/or a magenta line drawn on the NAV map?Activation of a leg with course guidance
- 9You have a flight which you are flying. ATC instructs you to fly to a specified fix not in the flight plan, prior to preceding towards your current active waypoint. What’s the best way to do this?The U
- 10Shortcut to activate leg without going through menuHighlight waypoint defining leg you wish to activate, push direct to twice and then enter once.
- 11How many flight plans stored in 430W?20. While flight plan is displayed push menu and select store flight plan and press enter twice
- 12How to bring up a previously stored flight plan on 430W?FPL, turn small FMS knob one click right and list of flight plans displays, together with a right side across bar.
- 13If flying IFR in a NON-WAAS GPS, what’s the most important thing to pay close attention to?MAP and the altitude at which you must be BEFORE you turn and unsuspend the GPS for course guidance to the first waypoint in the procedure. Also DPs May require following certain instructions or climbs to particular altitudes before initiating a turn.
- 14Max Trescott recommends VTF by default in your approach request but not in IAF selection -why?Trescott thinks we should default to and request VTF because it requires the least amount of pilot work, providing the greatest chance of approach success. He and Gary Reeves both agree that even if requesting this select an IAF otherwise most receivers will delete many FAC waypoints except FAF & MAP
- 15Gary Reeves Five Things Pilot’s should be ready to say1. Say again slower
2. Stand by
3. Negative ATIS (I’m not ready, give me the info or time to get it)
4. Vectors for time
5. Unable/reason - 16Seven point criteria for legal/safe GPS approach before continuing farther 2NM outside FAF?1. Current database
2. GPS selected on CDI or HSI (Cardinal)
3. Approach loaded
4. FAF becomes active waypoint earlier than 2
5. Verify in auto sequencing mode (OBS)
6. RAIM Available (Cherokee)
7. Verify switch to APR mode 2NM out - 17When we don’t have RAIM, we have fewer than _____ working satellites in view.5
- 18Typically, how many satellites are in view at any one time?7 to 12
- 19Approaches which do not include “GPS” parenthetically in the title can still be flown with a GPS except for when?Can be used for navigation and guidance up to FAC intercept and again when flying the missed approach. Can still be a backup to primary NAV when on FAC.
- 20Why are we no longer legally required to activate a timer upon reaching FAF?Timing approaches has become unnecessary because even on approaches for which GPS cannot be used for primary guidance, it can be used to identify MAP. One could argue we need timing as a backup in case of GPS failure but missed is a better option in order to verify exactly what systems are online and working.
- 21Alright so you’re being VTF where you did the right thing -selected an IAF, how do you activate leg?Look at own ship position in relation to FAC and waypoints to determine which leg (defined by two waypoints) it appears you’re going to intercept FAC. Push FPL, scroll, select, activate leg. Alternatively push FMS Knob, turn large FMS, to highlight secondary waypoint defining leg, menu, activate leg (enter enter).
- 22What’s a VFR Corridor?Found on TAC in light blue with suggested altitudes. It’s a section of airspace cut out of more restrictive airspace to allow VFR to transiW/O specific clearance
- 23You’re flying along FAC after VTF or having flown to an IAF. You’re doing pre-approach/landing checks -oh yeah I forgot to activate approach. When you do it, it tells you to turn 180 degrees. What happened? What should you do?It’s an avoidable automation surprise. Best option is immediate missed approach to start over. Disconnect autopilot,… Climb
- 24When you reach the MAP, why does SUSP display and why does the sequencing of waypoints cease?Suspend means sequencing has ceased and the reason is so you can follow the missed approach instructions for any climb as may be required prior to flying to the next waypoint.
- 25After passing IAF and interception of FAC with a TAA & autopilot what do you do?Push the autopilot’s APR key, or, if an SR20 or SR 22 with S-TEC 55X press NAV key twice to bring up GPSS mode for non-precision approaches.
- 26Three part criteria for engaging autopilot APR Mode1. Have intercepted FAC or on last VTF
2. Cleared for approach
3. Verify proper NAV source for CDI or HSI - 27NAV vs APR turn ratesNAV is standard rate whereas APR is less than standard and should remain in NAV until on FAC because otherwise likely to overshoot
- 28What should you always have memorized before reaching a MAP?At least the first two steps in the published missed or the other missed instructions ATC may have issued.
- 29The very fist step of any missedDisconnect autopilot or if there’s a GA Switch push it, which also disconnects AP
- 30After disconnect of autopilot your next missed approach priorities areImmediately apply full power, pitch correctly (about 7 degrees) and verify on both VSI and altimeter that you’re climbing (corroborated with AI which slows to VY). Remember this is where Somatographic illusion happens due to acceleration
- 31Suppose for any number of reasons you need to go missed way before the MAP, what’s the preferred method?1. PROC key
2. Activate Missed Approach
3. Enter - 32If first part of missed approach instructions involves a climbing turnPush OBS or SUSP soft key and begin tracking course guidance immediately after crossing MAP, assuming you can successfully climb at the minimum standard of 200 FPNM (200 to 333 FPM in ground speeds of 60 to 100 knots)
- 33One controller gives you a heading to the IAF, which is depicted with a HILPT and you’re handed off to another controller who says “proceed direct IAF (or whatever the fix name is), maintain 3000, cleared for approach “. Your current angle to FAC is 60 to 80 degrees. What do you do?Initially, he was being vectored but there’s two clues as to why that no longer applies:
1. Final instruction was “direct to” instead of a heading
2. True VTF will never exceed 30 degrees
Additionally, where a HILPT racetrack is depicted the PT is mandatory unless specifically cleared “STRAIGHT IN” - 34What’s the best way to ensure that your flight plan routing takes you to the approach IAF before taking you to the destination airport?Enter the two airports in the flight plan. Press PROC key to load approach, choose RNAV whatever, select desired IAF, choose activate and press enter. Push FPL and review every fix in order.
- 35Unless specified otherwise on an approach plate, what’s the Distance and method in which a procedure turn must be completed?Typically, fly outbound for one or two minutes before turning, depending upon ground speed, to stay within a 10NM radius of the IAF. If the PT is depicted as a racetrack, or a teardrop, try to fly it as depicted (& required). If depicted with other PT symbol, the choice is yours as long as turn remains on that side of FAC.
- 36Tip for loading DPsCreate departure and destination then load DP
- 37Load vs activate-do you ever need to activate an approach?Not necessarily, and sometimes it can become a catalyst for fatal hazard. Both load and activate appends the approach to the end of your active flight plan while you continue towards your destination via all waypoints. Activate will begin course guidance to the first approach waypoint, skipping intermediate ones.
- 38What is the myth of activating an approach?A GPS must be “activated” at some point before you can fly an approach. Incorrect! You can fly via pilot NAV or vectors and never have to activate an approach.
- 39You’re flying along and ATC clears you for approach direct a specified IAF or IF. What’s the best way?FPL to bring up active flight plan page, scroll to highlight specified fix, direct to key, enter, enter. Alternatively, for an IAF you could have done it even more easily with menu, activate approach and enter but guess what? It will not work if specified fix is merely the IF. For VTF determined segment for intercept highlight activate leg & enter.
- 40You’re entering your flight plan for the clearance OSI Victor 25 SNS, what should you do?Type in OSI V25 SNS and inspect for any bends in airway. Since there is a bend at SANTY, you’re required to add it into your flight plan.
- 41What does the Suffix Z indicate in the title of an RNAV (GPS) approach?Whenever a runway or heliport has two or more RNAV approaches, a single alpha character differentiates them. Z is the first to be charted to a runway. If there is a second to the same runway it will be Y and so forth backwards through alphabet. Usually Z is LPV & Y is LNAV
- 42What does it mean if there’s no runway number in title?More than 15 degrees or you’re too high at MAP to make a straight in landing. Circling only.
- 43In the upper left of a RNAV (GPS) approach plate is the identifier, the city, The ATIS or AWOS and below this is What?The WAAS channel number W - runway number and a sequential letter where A means it’s the first procedure and so on but the letters C, L & R are excluded in any event.
- 44What specifically does GPS mean in the chart title?GPS can be used to fly the FAC
- 45On NACO charts, a black square with a white W signifies what?WAAS outages less than 98 % of the time and also reveals that specific WAAS NOTAMs are not issued
- 46Pre-Approach do lists1. Triple A HATFIRE -ATIS, AIDS (MSCFMC), Approach, Heading, Altitudes, Time, Fuel, Instruments, Radios, Engine
2. PICA -PROC Key, Inspect Waypoints, CDI, Autopilot mode
3. - 47How far out should you begin to slow for approach and what’s the best way to easily find this on a precision approach?One or two minutes before the IAF and configure final power for glide slope when it’s two dots above you and trim for descent rate upon GS intercept.
- 48NAV AIDS Sub -Flo list MSCF (or M), MC (MSCFMC)Morse tune/ID any required stations (GPS Approach -verify correct active Wpt)
Source (GPS, NAV1 or NAV2 CDI SK)
Course
Force or Mode (LPV,…) when does FAF become AW? (Non-WAAS = 2NM from FAF)
MBA mins barometric pressure, Altitude , Communication s - 49Pre ILS FloThe Four Ms:
Minimums
Mag Compass
Markers
Missed Approach - 50When does the GPS receiver evaluate the satellites and WAAS correction signals?As soon as the FAF becomes the active Wpt it will calculate HPL & VPL revealing a HUL probability that you’re at your calculated position with a probability of 99.999999%
- 51When HPL & HAL are compared40 meters for LPV
- 52When VPL are compared with VAL50M for 250 LPV Mins or 25m for LPV 200
- 53Banking limitations when inside FA?5 degrees
- 54What’s the most important thing when flying an instrument approach?The next two things
- 55Each time you press an autopilot button you mustVerify it by looking at the status bar
- 56On an ILS or VOR approach, when are you required to switch to VLOC?Upon FAC interception
- 57It’s a good habit to load an approach right from the beginning and immediately after entering it, no matter which kind it is, you should alwaysactivate a leg in the gps flight plan. Can always tell if this is forgotten by bringing up active flight plan to inspect
- 58Correct way to perform VOR airway test?At least 20NM from VOR On airway over prominent feature with 6 degrees permissible error
- 59—
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- Karteikarten am IFH2, erstellt von Dan Anderson am 02/08/2022.
- Erstellt von
- Dan Anderson
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