Karteikarten
BCFA
Karten in diesem Stapel (140)
- 1Management Server?FFFFFA
dynamically discovers topology of fabrics - 2Time server?FFFFFB
distributes time to all switches - 3Time Sync Server?FFFFF6
Send sync signals to all switches - 4Security Server?FFFFF7
Distributes Encryption Keys - 5Alias Server?FFFFF8
Hunt groups and Multicast groups - 6Name Server? (Directory Server)FFFFFC
Lookup who is logged into the Fabric
holds - Port iD, Type, Port Type, Symbolic port and node name. - 7Fabric Controller?FFFFFD
Handles RSCNs - 8Fabric Login Server?FFFFFE
Manages FLOGI and issues 24 bit addrs - 9Broadcast Server?FFFFFF
Broadcast to N and NL ports - 10FC-0 layer?Physical I/F
Hardware layer, seeds and feeds - 11FC-1layer?Encode/decode
8b/10b and 64b/66b
ordered sets and link control - 12FC2 layer?Framing protocol/flow control
1. how to data into frames
2. how much to send in one go
3. when to send more - flow contr.
4. where frames will go
5. Class of Service - 13FC3 layer?Common Fabric Services
multicast and hunt groups - 14FC4 layer?Upper Level Protocol
IP, SCSI - 15Class of Service CoS 2connectionless,
BtoB and EtoE credits
acks to confirm del,
no bw allocated
no guarantee of delivery
IP - 16Class of Service CoS 3?connectionless,
no acks
B to B credits
FCP - 17Class of Service (CoS) Fconnectionless
acks
highest priority
switch to switch comms - 18FC frame names of the primary fields?SOF
Header
Payload
CRC
EOF - 19FC fame Max size? Max payload size? How many bytes in SOF, CRC, EOF?Max size 2148 bytes
Max Payload 2112
Header 24 bytes
SOF, CRC, EOF each are 4 bytes - 20What are primitives? What do they do?Used to signal events
IDLE and ARB are examples
Use to fill the space as FC tx all the time.
Rx has to see min 3 of the same primitive to act on the signal. - 21nWWN length? fields?node name
64 bits
1st 2 bytes vendor = 10:00 Broc
3 bytes OUI assigned by IEEE
3 bytes by Brocade - main board serial # - 22pWWN length? fields?port name
64 bits
1st 2 bytes vendor = 2x:xx Broc
x:xx are switch PORT number
3 bytes OUI assigned by IEEE
3 bytes by Brocade - main board serial # - 23display name server with type and rscn reg?nsshow -rt
(always use the options)
3 - full
2 - reg only for event detected by the Nxport
1 - reg for fabric events - 24nameserver cmds 1. local 2. fabric 3. 24 bit addrs in fabric1. nsshow -rt
2. nscamshow -t
3. nsallshow use 8 for FC and 5 for IP - 25FCP 24 bit network address structure?Domain ID 8 bits
Area ID 8 bits
Node ID 8 bits
(al_pa/NPIV/shared 00/80/C0) - 26Principal switch does what?Determined by lowest pri if set then lowest wwn.
Manages building fabrics ensuring unique domain IDs. Sync time across the switches. - 27Host login sequence?FLOGI
PLOGI
SCR
NS REG
QUERY NS FOR DEVS - 28Device Login sequence?PLOGI
PRLI
INQ - 29Fabric Initialisation Process when a switch joins a fabric?ELP (exchange link params)
ESC (exchange switch params)
EFP (exchange Fabric params) - 30what is the number NPIV host that can log in?default 126
check using portcfgshow - 31how to display the pwwns of NPIV connected hosts?portshow x
where x is the switchport
shows HBA port with the hosts beneath it.
switchshow will only give a count - 32what is FEC? which rel and port speeds?Forward Error Correction
32 bit CRC can correct 11 bits in 2048 bytes
enabled by default
v7.0 in 10 and 16Gb - 33what are the 4 states of PSM for G_Port fabric connections? (Port State Machine)Active - AC
Link Reset - LR
Offline - OLS
Link Failure - LF - 34Nx_Port PSM power on sequence?1. NOS - non op.
2. OLS - offline
3. LR - link reset
4. LRR - link reset resp
5. AC - active
6. IDLE
7. IDLE - 35Nx_Port (PSM) from portDisable to portEnable?1. OLS
2. LR
3. LRR
4. AC - 36Condor2 ASIC spec?Ports - E,F,FL,EX,M, with NPIV and FICON
40 ports (5 x 8 ports groups)
2048 BB creds per ASIC (8 res per port)
SFP for 1,2,4
SFP+ 1,2,4,8 - 37BB credit check?portbuffershow slot/port
- 38GoldenEye2 spec?Ports - E,F,FL,EX,M, with NPIV and FICON
32 ports (4 x 8 ports groups)
700 BB creds per ASIC (8 res per port)
SFP for 1,2,4
SFP+ 1,2,4,8 - 39Condor3 spec?Ports - E,F,EX,M, with NPIV and FICON
No FL support
48 ports (6 x 8 ports groups)
8192 BB creds per ASIC (8 res per port)
port speeds 2,4,8,10,16
layer 2 latency 800nS no FEC F to F
layer 2 latency 1.2uS no FEC E to E - 40GoldenEye2 AISC use?Used in Brocade standalone switches
300, 5300, 7800 - 41Condor2 ASIC use?switches - 5100, DCX, DCX-4S, 8000, BES
Blades - FC8-16, FC8-32, FC8-48, FC8-64 - 42Condor3 ASIC use?switches - 6505,10,20, 7840, 8510,20
Blades - CR16-8, CR16-4, CR16-32, FC16-48, FC16-64 - 43Display blades in chassis?slotshow -m
for more detail use chassisshow |more - 44firmware version?either - version
or - firmwareshow to see all copies - 45how many VCs on an ISL?16
FC traffic defaults to VC2-5 - 46Brocade 300 spec?1u
24 port with 8 port POD lic
8G
GoldenEye2 ASIC
676 BB credits per ASIC
No Ex ports - no FC routing
1:1 sub ratio - 47Brocade 5100?1u
2 X psu
40 ports with 8 port POD lic
Condor2
2012 BB credits per ASIC after 36 used internally.
1:1 sub ratio
IR - 48Brocade 5300?1u
2 x PSU
3 x Fans
80 ports (10 x 8 port groups)
9 x GE2 ASICS
292 BB per ASIC (2628 total) or 32 per port
IR - 49Brocade 6505 - Gen 5?1u
2 x PSU/fan assy
24 ports - 3 port groups of 8
1 x condor 3
1:1 sub ratio
IR not supported
Access Gateway capable
12 ports + 12 on POD lic - 50Brocade 6510?1u
2 x PSU/fan assy
48 ports - 6 port groups of 8
1 x condor 3
1:1 sub ratio
IR with lic
Access Gateway capable
12 ports + 12 on POD lic
7712 BB credits - 51Brocade 6520?2u
2 x PSU
3 x fan assy - beware of air direction
96 ports - 12 port groups of 8
1 x condor 3
1:1 sub ratio
IR with lic
Access Gateway capable
12 ports + 12 on POD lic
7712 BB credits
Virtual Fabric support, up to four logical switches - 52Brocade 7800? (Access Gateway - AG)Two configs:
4/2 - four 8Gb and two 1GbE ports
16/6 - sixteen 8Gb and six 1GbE ports
1 x GE2
Available as a bladed product - FX8-24
FC ports F,FL,E,EX
GbE ports VE,VEX
Combo ports either 2 x GbE Cu or 2 x GbE fibre but not both - 53How many port speeds do Brocade optics support?All are tri-mode
16,8,4
8,4,2
4,2,1
except 10GB SFP+ & Quad 16Gb QSFP - 54what is the light frequency for SW and LW optics? cables used?SW 850nm
LW 1310nm
SW - om1 62.5um
om2,3,4 all 50um
LW 9um - 55Which components are common to DCX and DCX 8510?Chassis
CP8 blades
PSU
Fans
WWN cards
Backplane - 56DCX CP & Core Blades?CP8 and CR8 (CORE8) for DCX
CP8 and CR4S-8 - 57DCX 8510 CP & Core BladesCP8 and CR16
- 58Describe DCX ICL? Max number of DCX connected together with ICLs?DCX 4 ICL ports over Cu
2 per CR8 blade 2 x 128Gb
Max no. DCX conn is 3 in Full Mesh
Distance only 2m
DCX-4S 2 per CR8 blade but only 2 x 64Gb - 59Describe Gen 5 ICls found on 85xx?Use Quad-QSFP on
CR16-8 and CR16-4
Distance up to 100m
Up to 6 chassis in Full Mesh - 60Gen 5 over-subscription ratiosFC16-32 1:1
FC16-48 1.5:1
FC8-48 2:1 - 61Display status of ICL links?switchshow -slot x -qsfp |grep E-port
- 62What are the default IP adds for DCX?Mgt 10.77.77.77/24
CP0 10.77.77.75
CP1 10.77.77.74
ipaddrshow
ipaddrset - 63How to set CLI timeout?default is 10mins
timeout cmd with x mins
0 to disable - 64cmd to change fabric params?switchdisable
configure and chose fabric
make changes then
switchenable - 65cmd to see date and time? cmd to set it? cmd to use NTP server?date
tsclockserver mmddhhmmyy
tsclockserver - 66set message of the day? set security banner?motd --set
bannerset "msg" - 67license cmds?licenseidshow
licenseshow
licenseadd
licenseremove
licenseslotcfg - 68syslogd cmds?syslogdipadd (depricated)
syslogdipremove (depricated)
syslogdipshow (depricated)
syslogadmin (new)
-set -ip - 69cmds to set fabric and port names?fabricname --set
portname -n - 70check fabric params?configshow -pattern fabric.ops
- 71configupload cmd options?-vf virtual fabric
-all the whole lot
-fid specified logical switch
-switch only in non VF mode
-chassis only. - 72cmd to connect to VFsetcontext
- 73Cmd to display trunks? Max number of links forming a trunk? what ensures IOD?trunkshow
switchshow
8 links max.
ASIC polices IOD - 74Ports in Trunk must have which parameters the same?speed
distance
QoS
FEC
Encrypt/Compr.
trunk group
trunking lic at both ends. - 75what happens when a trunk master goes offline?It is transparent.
One of the other links takes over.
(Due to pseudo-trunking to prevent disruption as there is no fabric build) - 76How is the trunk master determined? Upon with ports can you set monitoring of a trunk?It's the first ISL to come up.
Only the trunk master can be monitored and it will move to the new master on failure. - 77what is the tool used to test trunks?trunkdebug
- 78What is the max cable length difference between ISLs which will form a trunk?400m
- 79Exchange-based routing is also known as what? What is this routing is based on ?DPS (Dynamic Path Selection)
Based on the SID, DID and OXID and uses DLS (Dynamic Load Sharing). Every exchange can take a different path. - 80What is port based routing base upon? How long does the route remain in use? what does DLS do here?Incoming port and the destination domain.
Route is used until one of the devices goes offline or the fabric changes.
DLS round-robins the I/P ports across the available O/P ports to balance the load. - 81What protocol is used for routing? Exchange-based routing or DPS handles multiple paths to a destination by doing what?FSPF - Fabric Shortest Path First
This is a form of spanning tree.
It distributes the load across the // paths in proportion to the bandwidth available on each one - helps with IOD - 82cmd to display routing table when does a route cost change?urouteshow
Cost changes when another switch is inserted in the path, increasing the number of hops. - 83what does topologyshow give?number of domains
number of hops
metrics
path count - 84What info does pathinfo cmd give? Which routing method is it most useful for?Destination port state
forward and reverse paths
link stats for every hop from source to dest
link util for each hop from source to dest.
Use for Port-based routing - 85trunking related cmds?trunkshow
trunkdebug
switchshow
ISLshow
portcfgshow
portcfgtrunkport - 86If you add a trunking lic to a switch. what do you need to get trunking working?It should be enable on each port by default. But need to do one of the steps below:
1.either enable and disable the whole switch
2. or disable and enable the ports that will be used for trunking - 87Brocade Extended Fabrics is a licensed feature for distances over? what does it change on the switch?10km+
Allows more BB credits to be assigned
and increases the switch buffers - 88Other than dark fibre what other connections are supported for long distance?DWDM
CWDM
TDM
Synchronous Optical Networks over OC3(155Mb) and OC12(622Mb) - 89What two methods are used for flow control over an ISL? What fill words are used with each one?VC_RDY (virtual channel) default method.
fill ARB
R_RDY (Receiver ready)
fill IDLE - 90How to change the fill word? How to change from VC_RDY to R_RDY? default deskew value for shortest ISL?portcfgfillword
portcfgislmode
15 deskew units = 150nS
with 5nS/m
150/5 = 30m equivalent - 91What are the distance modes Lx and supported disances?L0 -default mode 2m - 5km
LE - 5-10km no lic.
LD - Long Dynamic - BB credits are allocated on the distance measured.
LS - Long Static - User defined distance. - 92When enabling portcfglongdistance why it it best to enable vc_translation_link_init as well?It allows an extended link init sequence which avoids excessive resetting
of ports on long links. - 93steps in troubleshooting long links?Same for any E_port
1. config check both ends - portcfgshow
2. any 3rd party HW
VC_RDY or R_RDY supported?
supported fill words ARB/IDLE?
do they handle BB credits or not? - 94Trunking over long distance. What are the requirements?All the usual trunk settings to be same.
Long distance mode must be the same.
Long distance lic at both ends.
ISL R_RDY must be disabled
using portcfgislmode - 95When there is 3rd party kit running protection switching which long dist mode should be use and why?When protection switching is used the link length can change massively. Therefore LS should be set with the max distance of the longer route. The switch will not see the change and link will starve.
- 96Speed of light in FC? how log is a fulll size frame at 2Gb, 4, 8, 16?5nS/m
2km - 2Gb
1km - 4Gb
500m - 8Gb
250m - 16Gb - 97How many port buffers left?portbuffershow
- 98what are the commands in order to get zoning applied with CLI?create alias - alicreate
create zone - zonecreate
add alias to zones - zoneadd
create configuration file - cfgcreate
add zones to cfg file
enable configuration - cfgenable - 99what is the default zone and how is it used?Default zone allows all ports to all ports.
This is why you don't disable the running cfgfile as it will start using the default zone.
check with defzone -show
disable by defzone -noaccess - 100How to clear the zoning db entirely?cfgdisable
cfgclear
cfgsave - 101Zoning: what is the defined configuration?complete set of zoned objects
- 102Zoning: What is Effective configuration?This is the "live" running cfg which has been enabled by cfgenable
- 103Zoning: What is Saved configuration?There can be multiple saved cfgs.
- 104Enabling Zoning; what are the steps?1. defined cfg is enabled this is the "live" zoning config.
2. defined cfg is written to flash
3. name of effective cfg is written into flash. - 105what does cfgsave do?It writes the defined config to memory but does not enable it.
It then writes the name of the effective cfg to flash mem as well. - 106what happens on a zone merge with default zones set differently?Zone conflict
- make the both allaccess or noaccess. - 107name the zoning segmentation reasons? (three)1.config mismatch:
effective cfgs are not the same.
2.type mismatch:
same name used for different objects.
3. content mismatch:
order. - 108What are LSAN zones? How are they identified?They span routed fabrics.
Prefixed with "lsan_" - 109What is a TI zoneTraffic Isolation zone.
Used to isolate traffic to a specif path.
It does NOT control access - a normal zone is required as well. - 110Where can you see TI zones? how are the members defined? can ports be members of more than one TI zone? Do you need to include E_ports?Only in the defined cfg not in effecive one.
Only by D,I (domain & index)
Ports can only be in a single TI zone.
E and F ports are required to give an end-to-end path. - 111What do QoS zones do? what are the prefixes used for high and low?enables setting of traffic priorities between specif hosts and targets.
QOSH_ (high)
QOSL_(low) - 112What are the generally used proportions of bandwidth for high, med & low?High 60%
Med 30%
Low 10% less class F traffic. - 113When does the QoS come into play for a given link? When is medium QoS used? how are the members defined?Only if there is contention.
Medium is used when either their is no contention or when no QoS zones are specified.
Using wwn only. - 114cmd to check zone db size? do the max sizes vary?cfgsize
yes by fw version.
7.4 2MB
5.2 - 7.xx = 1MB - 115What determines the kind of zoning enforcement used?Frame based - either all wwn or D, I
(most secure- dest ASIC checks SID on every frame against CAM table entries)
Session based - mixed wwn & D,I
(PLOGI restricted at the ASIC) - 116What happens to a device when it is in overlapping zones and one zone is frame based and one is session?The enforcement for that device is reduced to session based.
- 117cmd to show zone type? what does cfgenable do?portzoneshow
cfgenable -
saves defined cfg
writes the name to flash,
distrubutes & save zoning cfg to all switches in the fabric. - 118what does nodefind do?it displays all of the NS entries matcing the wwn, PID(hex) or alias.
- 119what does nszonemember do?shows all online devs that are zoned with a given dev by wwn or PID.
- 120cmd to see zoned and unzoned devs.nszonemember -u
nszonemember -a - 121cmd to backup switch config with 1.no vf 2. vf 3.chassis onlyconfigupload -all
configupload -vf
configupload -chassis - 122how to restore a vf config?disable switch
configdownload -vf
configdownload -all
reboot switch
enable switch - 123show ha status? what firmware is in each partition? check progress of fw download?hashow
firmwareshow -v
firmwaredownloadstatus - 124display contents of USB key?usbstorage -l
- 125cmd to set password policy? what does this do?passwdcfg
sets the rules relating to
all new passwords. - 126DLS Dynamic load sharing recomputes the load sharing when what happens?a switch joins the fabric
an E_port goes on or offline
an EX_port goes offline
device goes offline. - 127What is FA-PWWN?Fabric Assigned PWWN.
This is a virtual port which is mapped to a real port. It allows zoning to be preconfiged.
It simplifies HBA replacement since the new physical PWWN is masked from the fabric. - 128what do you need to use FA-PWWN?Brocade HBA with v3.0.0 or later.
- 129what does fcping do?Checks two zoned devices can communicate.
1st ELS sent to SID and 2nd sent to DID.
Use PID, nwwn or pwwn. - 130what is a bottleneck? how to test?A port where the offered load is
> the egress throughput. (congestion)
latency bottleneck is where the dev at the other end is slow to rx the data.
cmd bottleneckmon - 131what can cause segmented fabric?domain ID conflicts,
zoning conflicts,
incompatible switch parameters,
FID conflict(VF)
security - 132what may cause a missing devNxPort not reg with NS
dev missing from zoning
LUN masking enabled on dev
apllication accessing dev is not cfg correctly
DCC security pol. - 133porterrshow: enc_in?8/10bit enc errs inside frames.
corruption during enc. - 134porterrshow: crc_errframes have bad CRC
sfps or cable
run porttest - 135porterrshow: crc_g_eofcontains CRC but has good EOF.
this shows that the bad link is on this switch. when the frame gets passed on the g-eof will be cleared and just show as CRC. - 136porterrshow: too_shorttxer or unreliable link
- 137porterrshow: too longframe >2148 bytes
- 138porterrshow: bad_eofcan occur during loss and recovery of sync.
too long and this can cause loss of BB credits. - 139porterrshow: enc_outerrors outside frames (ordered sets)
sfp or cable, porttest. - 140what is superPing?tests all routes between a source and destination switch:
fcping --allpaths (PID/Domain/wwn)