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- 14 imperfection characteristics of communication-entropy
-redundancy
-noise
-channel capacity - 2entropy-randomness, chaos, lack of organization and predictability
-information reduces this
-is variable - 3redundancy-repetition
-rephrasing
-same in new context - 4noiseanything that interferes with reception and retention
- 5channel capacitywhat channels are available?
can the channel handle the data?
is the channel changing the data? - 6types of communication modelsmechanical models
models of attentions
non-linear models
conceptual models
transactional models
iterative models
systems models - 7bitbasic unit of information that exists in one of two possible distinct states (a one, on, or a zero, off)
- 8bytehistorically, was the number of bits it took to encode a single character of text
-can also represent a dot (pixel), a color, or a number - 9wordstandard memory bus width in computer architecture
- 10eight elements of communication processsource
encoding
message
channel
receiver
decoding
feedback
noise - 11interpersonal communication-individual or groups
-physical presence required
-encoding is a one-step process
-variety of channels
-messages hard for receiver to terminate - 12interpersonal communicationlittle or no expense
messages generally private
message can pinpoint specific targets
immediate feedback - 13machine-assisted interpersonal communicationtranslating thoughts into symbols
machines encode message
channels restricted to machine - 14mass communicationsproduces and transmits public messages that are directed to a large, heterogeneous and scattered audience
- 15mass communication-sender gets little audience information
-encoding a multi-stage process
-channel involves machines
-messages are public and impersonal - 16culturecommon values holding people together
- 17textobject of analysis, broadly defined
- 18meaninginterpretations of text
- 19polysemydifferent audiences, different meanings
- 20ideologydeeply imbedded beliefs, especially regarding political and social themes
- 21hegemonydominance and control accepted as natural and normal
- 22paradigmmodel or pattern that a person uses to analyze something
- 23macroanalysiswide-angle lens
what is the intention of the source?
what is the purpose of the communication? - 24micro-analysisclose-up lens
what does the receiver receive?
what does the receiver do with the communication? - 258 milestones in human connectionlanguage
writing
printing
telegraph and telephone
photography and motion pictures
radio and television
digital media
wireless handheld media - 26—
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- Karteikarten am com quiz , erstellt von Marina Baranik am 17/02/2016.
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