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Astronomy final

Marisa Hayley Fu Englisch 60 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (60)

  1. 1Why do jovian planets bulge around the equator, that is, have a "squashed" appearance?Their rapid rotation flings the mass near the equator outwards
  2. 2How much energy does Jupiter emit compared with how much it receives from the Sun?It emits twice as much
  3. 3How many more times is the atmospheric pressure in Jupiter's core greater than the atmospheric pressure at Earth's surface?100 million
  4. 4Which of the following does not yield information on jovian planet interiors?spectroscopy of the cloud layers
  5. 5How do astronomers think Jupiter generates its internal heat?by contracting, changing gravitational potential energy into thermal energy
  6. 6How does Jupiter's core compare to Earth's?It is about the same size but is 10 times more massive.
  7. 7Why is Jupiter denser than Saturn?The extra mass of Jupiter compresses its interior to a greater extent than that of Saturn.
  8. 8Why is Neptune denser than Saturn?It has a different composition than Saturn, including a higher proportion of hydrogen compounds and rocks.
  9. 9Why is Saturn almost as big as Jupiter, despite its smaller mass?Jupiter's greater mass compresses it more, thus increasing its density.
  10. 10How do astronomers think Saturn generates its internal heat?by raining dense helium droplets from higher to lower altitudes, resembling the process of differentiation
  11. 11How do the jovian planet interiors differ?All have cores of about the same mass, but differ in the amount of surrounding hydrogen and helium.
  12. 12Why do the jovian planet interiors differ?Accretion took longer further from the Sun, so the more distant planets formed their cores later and captured less gas from the solar nebula than the closer jovian planets.
  13. 13Why does Jupiter have several distinct cloud layers?Different layers represent clouds made of gases that condense at different temperatures.
  14. 14The belts and zones of Jupiter arealternating bands of rising and falling air at different latitudes.
  15. 15Why do Uranus and Neptune have blue methane clouds but Jupiter and Saturn do not?Methane does not condense into ice in the warmer atmospheric temperatures of Jupiter and Saturn.
  16. 16The four Galilean moons around Jupiter area mixture of rock and ice.
  17. 17Why are there no impact craters on the surface of Io?Io did have impact craters but they have all been buried in lava flows.
  18. 18The fact that most moons always show the same face to their planet isa natural consequence of tidal forces acting on the moons.
  19. 19What causes synchronous rotation?A massive planet exerts a tidal force on a moon that causes the moon to align itself such that its tidal bulges always point toward and away from the planet.
  20. 20What is the most important reason why an icy moon is more likely to be geologically active than a rocky moon of the same size?Ice has a lower melting point than rock
  21. 21What mechanism is most responsible for generating the internal heat of Io that drives the volcanic activity?tidal heating
  22. 22Which moon has the most substantial atmosphere?Titan
  23. 23What is the most abundant gas in Titan's atmosphere?nitrogen
  24. 24Which of the following statements about Titan is not true?It is the coldest moon in the solar system.
  25. 25Why does Titan have such a nitrogen-rich atmosphere?The nitrogen comes from the breakup of ammonia (NH3) by solar radiation and subsequent thermal escape of the hydrogen.
  26. 26Why do astronomers believe Triton may have been a planet that was captured by Neptune?It orbits Neptune in the opposite direction of Neptune's rotation.
  27. 27How thick are Saturn's rings from top to bottom?a few tens of meters
  28. 28Why are Saturn's rings so thin?Any particle in the ring with an orbital tilt would collide with other ring particles, flattening its orbit.
  29. 29Planetary rings arenearer to their planet than any of the planet's large moons.
    orbiting in the equatorial plane of their planet.
    composed of a large number of individual particles that orbit their planet in accord with Kepler's third law.
    known to exist for all of the jovian planets.
  30. 30What is the Cassini division of Saturn's rings?a large gap, visible from Earth
  31. 31Which of the following statements about the rings of the four jovian planets is not true?All probably look much like they did when the solar system first formed.
  32. 32Which of the jovian planets have rings?all of the above
  33. 33Which of the following planets cannot be seen with the naked eye?Neptune
  34. 34Which previously unknown planet's location was predicted from mathematical calculations of orbital motions?Neptune
  35. 35t/f:If Jupiter were 10 times more massive, it would actually have a smaller radius.true
  36. 36t/f:Hydrogen exists as a gas, liquid, and solid within Jupiter.true
  37. 37t/f:If Jupiter were 10 times more massive, it would generate nuclear fusion in its core and be a star instead of a planet.false
  38. 38t/f:Jupiter does not have seasons because it has no appreciable axis tilt.true
  39. 39t/f: Uranus continues to generate internal heat through gravitational contraction.false
  40. 40t/f: Synchronous rotation is when a moon's rotation period and orbital period are the sametrue
  41. 41t/f: Some of the moons of the jovian planets have significant atmospherestrue
  42. 42t/f: Pluto exerts a noticeable gravitational influence on Uranusfalse
  43. 43Which of the following is not a general characteristic of the four jovian planets in our solar system?They are higher in average density than are the terrestrial planets.
  44. 44Which of the following best describes the internal layering of Jupiter, from the center outward?core of rock, metal, and hydrogen compounds; thick layer of metallic hydrogen; layer of liquid hydrogen; layer of gaseous hydrogen; cloud layer
  45. 45The energy in the atmospheres of most of the jovian planets comesboth the Sun and their interiors, in roughly equal proportions.
  46. 46Which of the following statements comparing the jovian interiors is not thought to be true?They all have the same exact set of internal layers, though these layers differ in size.
  47. 476) Jupiter's colors come in part from its three layers of clouds. Which of the following is not the primary constituent of one of Jupiter's cloud layers?clouds of sulfuric acid
  48. 48How does the strength of Jupiter's magnetic field compare to that of Earth's magnetic field?Jupiter's magnetic field is about 20,000 times as strong as Earth's.
  49. 49Which moon has a thick atmosphere made mostly of nitrogen?Titan
  50. 50The Huygens probe took numerous pictures as it descended to Titan's surface in 2005. What did the pictures show?features or erosion, including what appeared to be dry river valleys and lakebeds
  51. 51Which large jovian moon is thought to have been captured into its present orbit?Triton
  52. 52Suppose you could float in space just a few meters above Saturn's rings. What would you see as you looked down on the rings?countless icy particles, ranging in size from dust grains to large boulders
  53. 53Which statement about planetary rings is not true?Saturn's rings formed along with its moons 4.6 billion years ago.
  54. 54Which of the following gases is not a significant ingredient of the jovian planet atmospheres?carbon dioxide
  55. 55Which of the following best why we see horizontal "stripes" in photographs of Jupiter and Saturn?The light stripes are regions of high clouds, and the dark stripes are regions where we can see down to deeper, darker clouds.
  56. 56Why is the radiation so intense in the region that traces Io's orbit around Jupiter (the Io torus)?The region is full of gases that become ionized after they are released from volcanoes on Io.
  57. 57Which of the following best explains why many jovian moons have been more geologically active than the Moon or Mercury?Jovian moons are made mostly of ice that can melt or deform at lower temperatures than can the rock and metal that make up the Moon and Mercury.
  58. 58Which one is most important in explaining the tremendous tidal heating that occurs on Io?Io orbits Jupiter on an elliptical orbit, due to orbital resonances with other satellites.
  59. 59Which of the following is not a piece of evidence supporting the idea that Europa may have a subsurface ocean?Astronomers have detected small lakes of liquid water on Europa's surface.
  60. 60—

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Karteikarten am Astronomy final, erstellt von Marisa Hayley Fu am 01/03/2016.
Erstellt von
Marisa Hayley Fu
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