Karteikarten
Unit 4 chem gr.12
Karten in diesem Stapel (41)
- 1Dynamic equilibriumA balance between forward and reverse processes occuring at the same rate
- 2Solubility equilibriumA dynamic equilibrium between a solute and a solvent in a saturated solution in a closed system
- 3Phase equilibriumA dynamic equillibrium betwen different states of a pure substance in a closed system
- 4Chem reaction equilibriumOccurs in a closed system
- 5Qauntitative reactionWhere all of limiting reagent in consumed
- 6What is the position of... No reaction<1%
- 7Reactants favoured; Products favoured; Qauntitative;<50%
> 50%
> 99% - 8Homogeneous equillibria; Heterogeneous equilibriaAll entities are in the same phase(state of matter)
Entities are different phases - 9K>> 1The concentrations of the products are alot greater than reactants
- 10K= approx 1Concentrations of reactants and products are equal therefore at equilibrium
- 11Le Chateliers principleWhen a chem system is disturbed by a change in property the system adjusts in a way that opposes the change
- 12Variables affecting equilibrium:Concentration,
temperature,
volume - 13Variables with no effect on equilibriumCatalysts
inert gases - 14Weak electrolytesSalts with low solubility in water
- 15SolubilityThe concentration of a saturated solution of a solute in a particular solvent at a certain temperature.; it is the specific max concentration
- 16Supersaturated solutionA solution whose solute concentration exeeds equilibrium concentration
- 17Spontaneous reactionA reaction that proceeds without continous outside assistance, given that it has the necessary activation energy.
- 181st law of thermodynamicsEnergy cant be created or destroyed only transfered
- 19Bond energyThe minimum energy required to break one mole of bonds between 2 or more atoms
- 20Entropy, SA measure of the randomness or disorder of a system, or the surroundings
- 21When will a system experience an increase in entropy? ( 3 things)-When Volume of a gaseous system increases
- When temperature increases
- when physical state changes from solid to liquid to gas, or from liquid to gas - 222nd law of thermodynamicsAll changes Increase the entropy of the universe
- 233rd law of thermodynamicsThe entropy of a pure crystaline substance is 0 when T=0K
- 24a to Bronsted Lowry acid is a proton ___________Donor
- 25a B-L base is a proton ___________Acceptor
- 26AmphotericAccording to B-L model, it is a substance capable of acting as an acid or base in different chemical reactions, it may donate or accept a proton
- 27The stronger the acid, the _________ its conjugate baseWeaker
- 28A conjugate acid base pair differ only by a ________Proton.
(The acid has one more proton than its conjugate base) - 29A strong acid has a ____ attraction for protons, while a strong base has a very _________ attraction for protonsWeak
Strong - 30Autoionization of water is the reaction between two water molecules producing a ________ ion and a _________ ionHydronium
hydroxide
(H2O--> H+ + OH-) - 31Strong acidAn acid that is assumed to ionize completely in aqeous soltuion
- 32Monoprotic acidAn acid that possesses only one ionizable acidic hydrogen atom. ie. HCl, HBr, etc.
- 33Strong baseAn ionic substance that (accordimg to arrhenius definition) disociates completely in water to release hydroxide ions
- 34Weak acidOnly partially disociates. Carboxylic acids are weak.
- 35Weak baseHas a weak attraction for protons
- 36Metal oxides react with water to produce _________ solutionsBasic
- 37Non metal oxides react with water to produce ________ solutionsAcidic
- 38Lewis acidAn electron pair acceptor
- 39Lewis baseAn electron pair donor
- 40TitrantThe solution in a buret during titration
- 41BufferA mixture of a conjugate acid base pair that maintains a nearly constant pH even when a strong acid or base is added
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- Karteikarten am Unit 4 chem gr.12, erstellt von A521 am 23/01/2014.
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- A521
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