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Immunology 6 - Complement
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- 1What are the two ways in which the alternative complement pathway is activated?C3b already present
Spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3(H2O) which can act like C3b by binding factor B - 2Factor D is a...Serine protease
- 3Factor B is cleaved by...Factor D
- 4Which part of factor B remains bound to C3b, forming the alternative pathway C3 convertase?Bb
- 5The C3/C5 convertase of the alternative pathway is...C3b-Bb
- 6The initiating serine protease of the alternative pathway is...Factor D
- 7The complement protein which opsonises bacteria is...C3b
- 8In the lectin and classical pathways the complement protein covalently bonding to the cell surface is...C4b
- 9In the classical and lectin pathways the C3/C5 convertase is...C4bC2a
- 10C5a and C3a are examples of...Anaphylatoxins (local inflammatory mediators)
- 11In the classical pathway, the C5 convertase is composed of...C4bC2aC3b
- 12Which part of C5 takes part in pore formation?C5b
- 13What is the C1 complex formed of?C1Q
C1R (serine p)
C1S (serine p) - 14Which complement protein is most abundant in pore formation?C9
- 15Which other complement proteins are recruited with part of C5 to form pores?C6
C7
C8
C9 (10 or more) - 16MBL is a type of...Collectin
- 17MBL binds toMannose
Fucose
residues - 18What is the initiating serine protease of the lectin pathway?MASP
- 19MASP cleaves C4 into C4b and C4a C_ then binds to C4b which forms _C2
C4bC2a
A C3 convertase - 20MBL and Ficolin are examples of...PRR's
- 21Ficolin binds toAcetylated sugars
- 22What triggers the lectin pathway?PAMPS (LPS etc)
since PRR's (MBL, ficolin) bind to these etc etc - 23What domains do MBLs and Ficolins have?Carbohydrate
Fibronectin
respectively - 24MASP1/2 bind to...MBL / Ficolin
- 25MASP cleavesC4
- 26After cleaving C_ , MASP cleaves C_C4, it cleaves C2 into C2a and C2b (C2a forms part of C4b complex as a C3 convertase)
- 27C1Q binds to..LTA
Antibodies
CRP - 28Binding of the C1Q complex to relevant molecules results in...Cross proteolysis of serine proteases C1R and C1S, leading to activation of these enzymes and cleavage of C4 by C1S and cleavage of C2 by C1S
- 29C4b attaches to the surface of bacterium via..Ester or Amide linkages
- 30C4bC2a is also known as the..Classical complement pathway C3 convertase
- 31Is C5a or C5b an anaphylatoxin?C5a
- 32The membrane attack complex is formed by...C5b
- 33Which complement protein allows the MAC to insert itself into the bacterial cell membrane?C7
- 34What is the purpose of the MAC?Disrupts the ionic/osmotic balance of the cell by creating a pore which leads to lysis of the bacterium
- 35C3b can induce...Phagocytosis via opsonisation
- 36C3a and C5a are anaphylatoxins, what are their functions?Recruit phagocytic cells (macro, NP) to the site of infection and promote inflammation
- 37The C5bC6C7C8 complex...Catalyses the formation of a cylindrical arrangement of C9 which leads to membrane pore formation
- 38CR1 is a receptor onPhagocytic cells such as Macrophages
- 39C3B binds to CR1 but this does not induce phagocytosis. What other component is required to bind to the phagocyte?C5a
- 40C3b which is bound to a bacterium is called..Opsonisation
- 41Which complement proteins which are part of the MAC, insert into the cell membrane?C7 and C8 and C9
- 42How many molecules of C9 bind to form a pore?10-16
- 43What is the name given to the inhibitor molecule which removes C1R and C1S from the C1 complex?C1 inhibitor
- 44What are some examples of proteins which displace C2a from the C4bC2a C3 convertase complex?DAF
C4BP
CR1 - 45MCP C4BP CR1 which is bound to C4b (part of C3 conv) leads to..Cleavage of C4b by soluble protease 1 into..
Inactive forms:
C4d
C4c - 46Which component prevents formation of the C9 pore complex?CD59
- 47CR1 and H bind to...C3b
- 48CR1 and H act as..Cofactors in the CLEAVAGE of C3b by soluble protease 1
- 49P Aeruginosa can evade the complement system by producing elastase. This cleaves..C3a and C5a
- 50HVSCD59 is an example of what?Homolog host regulatory protein
- 51HVSCD59 functions by...Acting like CD59
- 52What are some factors that can prevent bacteria from mediated killing?NET breakdown
IL-8 breakdown
Phagocyte apoptosis
Opsonin resistance
Antimicrobial peptide resistance - 53Viruses may interfere with the complement pathway by producing proteins which...Interfere with C1 complex
C3 convertase
C5 convertase - 54The C5 convertase for the classical, alternate and lectin pathways are what?Classical: C4bC2aC3b
Lectin: C4bC2aC3b
Alternate: C3b2Bb - 55C1q function is toDirectly bind to pathogens
Indirectly bind via antibody - 56C1r's function isCleave C1s into its active form
- 57C1s's function is toCleave C4 and C2
- 58___ binds to pathogen and opsonizes it and binds C2 for cleavage by ___1) C4b
2) C1s - 59—
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- Dental immunology Karteikarten am Immunology 6 - Complement, erstellt von 0 9 am 06/10/2016.
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