Karteikarten
PE - GCSE Glossary
Karten in diesem Stapel (98)
- 1Aerobic"With Oxygen" If exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen muscles need.
- 2Agilitychange the position of the body.
- 3Anaerobic"Without Oxygen". If exercise is done in short, fast bursts the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to the muscles as fast as the cells use them.
- 4AnorexicPertaining to anorexia; a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite.
- 5BalanceThe ability to retain the body's centre of mass (gravity) above the base of support with reference to static (stationary), or dynamic (changing), conditions o f movement, shape and orientation.
- 6Balanced DietA diet which contains an optimal ration of nutrients.
- 7Beta BlockersDrugs that are used to control heart rate and that have a calming and relaxing effect.
- 8Blood PressureBlood pressure (BP) is the force exerted by the heat as it pumps blood our of the heart and into the arteries (systolic high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic).
- 9Body CompostionThe percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone.
- 10Cardiac OutputThe amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute.
- 11Cardiovascular FitnessThe ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time.
- 12CholestrerolCholesterol is a blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts.
- 13########## Circuit Training##########
A set of 6 to 10 exercises performed at stations in an organised pattern. Each exercise is performed for a specified number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving on the next exercise. - 14CompetenceThe relationship between: skill, the selection and application of skills, tactics, strategies and compositional ideas; and the readiness of the body and mind to cope with the activity. It requires an understanding of how these combine to produce effective performances in different activities and contexts.
- 15Cooper's Run TestThe ability to use two or more body parts together.
- 16CoordinationThe ability to use two or more body parts together.
- 17Cross TrainingUsing more than one training method.
- 18DiureticsDrugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion.
- 19EctomorphA somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by thinness.
- 20EndomorphA somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness.
- 21Erythropoietin (EPO)A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count.
- 22########## Exercise##########
A form of physical activity done to maintain or improve health and / or physical fitness. - 23Fartlek TrainingThis type of training allows an athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different, on different terrain.
(Fartlek is Swedish for "Speed Play") - 24########## Fitness##########
The ability to meet the demands of the environment. - 25FITTFrequency, intensity, time, type ( used to increase the amount of work the body does, in order to achieve overload).
- 26FlexibilityThe range of movement possible at a joint.
- 27HealthA state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.
- 28Health-Related ExerciseExercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life.
- 29Healthy, Active LifestyleA lifestyle that contributes positively to physical, mental and social wellbeing, and that includes regular physical activity.
- 30Heart RateThe number of times the heart beats each minute.
- 31Hypokinetic DiseaseA disease related to too little activity. (Hypo means under or too little: kinetic means energy or activity)
- 32HypertrophyScientific term for an increase in the size of muscle.
- 33Individual Differences / NeedsMatching training to the requirements of an individual
- 34Isometric ContractionsMuscles contraction which results in increased tension but the length does not alter, for example when pressing against a stationary object.
- 35JointA place where two or more bones meet.
- 36LigamentsA tissue that joins bone to bone.
- 37MesomorphA somatotype, individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by muscularity.
- 38Methods of TrainingInterval training, continuos training, circuit training, weight training, Farlek training, cross training.
- 39Muscular EnduranceThe ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired.
- 40Muscle GroupsMuscle may be arranged in groups according to location and / or function eg; muscles of the leg.
- 41Muscular StrengthThe amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance.
- 42Narcotic AnalgesicsDrugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain.
- 43ObeseA term used to describe people who are very overweight.
- 44Optimum WeightBest weight or desirable weight - the best weight a player performs at.
- 45OverfatA way of saying you have more body fat than you should have.
- 46OverweightHaving weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness).
- 47Oxygen DebtThe amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which would have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (this result in a shortfall in the oxygen available).
- 48Par-QPhysical activity readiness questionnaire.
- 49PEPPersonal exercise programme.
- 50Peptide hormonesDrugs that cause the production of hormones.
- 51########## Performance##########
How well a task is completed. - 52PESSCLPE and School Sport Club Links
- 53Physical ActivityAny form of exercise or movement; physical activity may be planned an structured or unplanned and unstructured ( in PE we are concerned with planned and structured physical activity, such as a fitness class).
- 54PowerThe ability to do strength performances quickly (power = strength X speed).
- 55########## Progressive Overload##########
To gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur, but without potential of injury. - 56Reaction TimeThe time between the presentations of a stimulus and the onset of a movement.
- 57RecoveryThe time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition.
- 58RehabilitationRestoring ( an injury ) to its normal functioning state.
- 59Resistance TrainingTraining that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work eg: weight training.
- 60ReversibilityAny adaption that takes place as a consequence of training will be reversed when you stop training.
- 61RICERest. Ice. Compression. Elevate. ( a method of treating injuries).
- 62Role ModelsA person you can aspire to, to make you in to a better person. Often have qualities that we would like to have.
- 63Self-EsteemRespect for, or a favourable opinion, of oneself.
- 64Skill-Related FitnessExercise which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability.
- 65SMARTSpecific. Measurable. Achievable. Realistic. Time-bound.
- 66Socio-Economic StatusMay be based on a person's income, education, and occupation.
- 67SomatotypesClassification of body type.
- 68########## Specificity##########
Matching training to the requirements of an activity. - 69SpeedThe differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time.
- 70StimulantsDrugs that have an effort on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and / or physical alertness.
- 71Stroke VolumeThe volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during one contraction.
- 72Target ZoneThe range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place (60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate).
- 73TendonsA tissue that joins muscles to bone.
- 74TrainingA well-planned programme which uses scientific principles to improve performance,skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness.
- 75Training ThresholdsThe boundaries of the target zone.
- 76UnderweightWeighing less than is normal, healthy or required.
- 77######## 3 reasons for taking part in physical activity1. Physical - (improving health and fitness)
2. Mental / Psychological - ( reducing stress and relieving related problems)
3. Social - (making and developing friendships and building teamwork skill) - 78########## 7 benefits of taking part in physical activity flash card #11. To Increase Fitness.
2. To Help the Individual Feel Good.
3. To Relieve Stress and Tension. - 79########## 7 benefits of taking part in physical activity flash card #24. To Increase Self-Esteem and Confidence.
5. To Improve Health.
6. For Enjoyment.
7. For a Mental Challenge. - 80######### 6 Key Influences on Taking Part flash card #11. People - Family, Peers, Role Models.
2. Image - Fashion, Media Coverage.
3. Cultural Factors - Age, Disability, Gender, Race. - 81########## 6 Key Influences on Taking Part flash card #24. Resources - Availability, Location, Access, Time.
5. Health & Wellbeing - Illness, Health Problems
6. Socio - economic Factors - Cost, Perceived Status of the Activity. - 82########## 4 Parts of the Participation Pyramid (1.Foundation / 2. Participation / 3. Performance / 4. Elite)1. P.E & Recreational Sports.
2. Sports Clubs & Leisure Centres.
3. Local & Regional Coaching & Training / Entering Competitions.
4. Olympic, Paralympic & Commonwealth Games. - 83######### 5 Components of Health Related Fitness flash card #11. Cardiovascular Fitness
2. Muscular Strength
3. Muscular Endurance
4. Flexibility
5. Body Composition - 84######### 6 Components of Skill Related Fitness1. Agility
2. Balance
3.Coordination
4.Power
5.Reaction Time
6. Speed - 85########## 5 Principles of Training1. Individual Needs / Difference
2. Moderation
3. Specificity
4. Progressive Overload
5. Rest and Recovery - 86########## 4 parts of the FITT principle1. F - Frequency
2. I - Intensity
3. T - Time
4. T - Type - 87########### 5 Components of a SMART Target1. S - Specific
2. M - Measurable
3. A - Achievable
4. R - Realistic
5. T - Time-Bound - 88########### 6 Methods of Training1. Interval
2. Continuous
3. Fartlek
4. Circuit
5. Weight
6. Cross - 89########## 2 Training Zones1. Aerobic Zone
2. Anaerobic Zone - 90########## 7 Factors of a Balanced Diet1. Carbohydrates
2. Fats
3. Protein
4. Minerals
5. Vitamins
6. Water
7. Fibre - 91########## Describe how you used the principles of training in your Personal Exercise Plan. flash card #1My PEP was to help me to improve my fitness for football. I did Farklek to increase my cardiovascular fitness, Farklek training includes sprints over different terrain, and I included hills as well - good training for a football game
- 92########## Describe how you used the principles of training in your Personal Exercise Plan. flash card #2I also did Circuit Training because it will improve my local muscular endurance, cardiovascular fitness and circulo-respiratory fitness and Circuit Training develops fitness as well.
- 93########## Discuss the most appropriate training methods for a rugby player flash card #1The best training methods for a rugby player are sprints and intervals on the field which will tax their anaerobic system. Cardio equipment can also be very useful. Due to the constant demands on their legs while playing rugby, the joints will need time to unload.
- 94########## Discuss the most appropriate training methods for a rugby player flash card #2To continue to work on their cardiovascular system, they should use cardiovascular equipment to supplement some of their conditioning. When using cardio equipment, l they should use equipment with low impact, like an elliptical or bike....
- 95########## Discuss the most appropriate training methods for a rugby player flash card #3so that they can work the cardiovascular system without stressing the legs. Cardio equipment may also be used to help tap into the high-intensity anaerobic systems. Due to the fact that you can control the workload (speed, incline, watts, level etc.)
- 96Explain the most important component of fitness for a 400m runner. flash card #1Fitness training for 400m runners is all about getting your body in the right condition to be able to do the hard track speed training.
- 97Explain the most important component of fitness for a 400m runner. flash card #2The fitness needed can be attained in a number of ways, but the link is that they are all type of aerobic work, working on the cardio-vascular system and, hopefully, also low intensity work on the muscles needed in your event.
- 98Explain the most important component of fitness for a 400m runner. flash card #3Circuit Training is important - It is important to consider the muscles used for running so, half squats, calf raises and burpees are all important. However, the core (stomach and back) is also vital as are some upper body exercises for driving your arms.
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- Erstellt von rjapmann · 3 Mai 2015
- Kopiert von Taelor McDougall · 23 Nov 2016
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