Karteikarten
Making and Oxidising Alcohol
Karten in diesem Stapel (29)
- 1What are the two ways of making alcohol?1. Hydration of ethane
2. Fermentation - 2What's the equation for hydration of ethane?H2C=CH2(g) + H2O(g) -----> CH3CH2OH(l) (conditions
300deg, 60atm) - 3What's the equation for fermentation of glucose?C6H12O6(aq) -------> 2CH3CH2OH(aq) + 2CO2(g) (conditions, yeast, 37 deg)
- 4Name 2 uses of ethanol, and 1 of methanol?1. Ethanol in alcoholic drinks
2. Ethanol as fuel
3. Ethanol in methylated spirits
4. Methanol for feedstock
5. Methanol used as clean burning fuel. - 5Define volatility?The ease that a liquid turns into a gas.
- 6How do you define a primary alcohol?It has 0 or 1 alkyl groups.
- 7How do you define a secondary alcohol?It has 2 alkyl groups.
- 8How do you define a tertiary alcohol?It has 3 alkyl groups.
- 9If you oxidise a primary alcohol, what does it form?An aldehyde.
- 10If you then oxidise the primary alcohol again, what does it form?A carboxylic acid.
- 11What forms if you oxidise a secondary alcohol?Ketones only.
- 12What forms when you oxidise a tertiary alcohol?Tertiary alcohols won't be oxidised.
- 13What is a suitable oxidising agent for all alcohols?A mixture of K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
- 14During the reaction, acidified potassium dichromate changes colour from what? to what?Orange to green.
- 15The formula and suffix of an aldehyde?Formula = -CHO (C=O)
Suffix = -al - 16Formula and suffix of a ketone?Formula = C-C=O-C
Suffix = -one - 17Formula and suffix of carboxylic acid?Formula = -C=OOH
Suffix = -oic acid - 18What does propan-1-ol + [O] distilled with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 form?Propanal + H20, because primary alcohol oxidised once to aldehyde.
- 19Define Reflux?Reflux is the continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture to ensure that the reaction takes place without the contents of the flask boiling dry.
- 20What does propan-1-ol + 2[O] refluxed with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 form?Propanoic acid+ H2O, because refluxed so forms carboxylic acid. Been oxidised more than once.
- 21In a plentiful supply of oxygen, what is the equation of complete combustion of ethanol?C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) ----> 2CO2(g) + 3H20(l)
- 22What does butan-2-ol + [O] heated with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 present form?Butanone + H2O, because a secondary alcohol oxidised is a ketone.
- 23Define esterification?Esterification is the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to produce and ester and water.
- 24What acid is often used as the catalyst?concentrated H2SO4.
- 25Propanoic acid + Methanol form what?Methyl Propanoate + H2O, because OH bond in alcohol is broken off and H from OH of alcohol group, they form water and carboxylic acid and alcohol join together.
- 26Name 2 uses of esters?1. Adhesives
2. Solvents
3. Food flavouring
4. Perfume - 27Define dehydration?Dehydration is where water is removed from a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated one.
- 28What is the equation for the dehydration of ethanol?Ethanol ( with heat and concentrated H2SO4) forms ethene + H2O.
- 29When an alcohol is dehydrated, what are the atoms lost?An OH group from one carbon atom and a H atom from the adjacent carbon atom.
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- Flash cards on oxidation of alcohols and their properties.
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