How to make an essay

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~Catches reader's attention

~Introduces main idea

introduction

~give details to support main idea

body

~reminds the readers what the main idea was

conclusion

The essay

To understand how essays are built from paragraphs, you need to understand how paragraphs are built

Each paragraph has a topic and supporting details

Here's a simple way to remember the make up of an essay:

~Introduction: Tell your readers what you're going to tell them

~Body: Tell them

~Conclusion: Tell them what you told them

A paragraph is a group of sentences that relate to a central or main topic. There're a topic sentence. The other provide details about the topic.

MAIN IDEA / TOPIC SENTENCE

The MAIN IDEA is what the entire piece is about / The TOPIC SENTENCE is the statement in each paragraph that tells you what will be discussed in the particular paragraph.

The topic sentence can be entered in a beginning, middle or in an end of the paragraph.

Block style - instead of indenting each paragraph, the author has added an extra line space between them. For doing it hit "ENTER" --> "TAB"

~executive branch - исполни тельная власть

~legislative branch - законадательная власть

~preceding = previous

~I mean = I implied - подразумевать

~hint - намекать

~infer = conclude - делать выводы

~furtive = secretive, sly

~alike = similar, equally, identically, selfsame

~sequence - последовательность

~consequently - вследствие этого

~ produce - производить

NEW WORDS

SUPPORTING DETAILS

Explain how to do smth

Support an argument to prove the point

Describe smth

Writer should support their details with evidence based on facts, rather than opinions or guesses.

If ​​you read anything that's intended to prove an idea, you should think about a supporting ideas. Are they facts? Are there just opinion? Sometime it takes a lot of research and reading to find out.

ORGANIZING IDEAS

The way a paragraph is organized depends on the type of information that is being shared

Show how things are the same

Comparison

Show how two things are different

Contrast

Show both

Comparison and

Contrast

OR

Explaining ideas

It can be done by using:

Examples

Explanations

3 ways in which readers benefit from organized paragraph

1. They can make comparisons and contrasts. For example, the well-organized paragraph about Majove Desert allows reader to clearly contrast nighttime and daytime temperatures.

2. The reader can see the time orders or events. For example, first the sun goes down, and then the air gets colder.

3. The reader can se how one thing causes another thing to happen. Because the sun goes down, the air gets colder.

In the dessert it can be enough to fry an egg on a rock during the day. At night you can feel as if you're freezing. I learned that during my first night in the Mojave Desert.As the sun set, the air rapidly grew colder. I climbed into my sleeping back and tried to keep warm. I had learned a lesson about living in the desert.

Clues for Comparing:

~ alike

~ also

~ and

~ both

~ like

~ similar

~ too

Clues for Contrasting:

~ but

~ different

~ unlike

~ however

~ instead of

~ less

~ on the other hand

~ less like (or) more like

Questions such as WHY and HOW are important foe explanations.

TIME ORDER

Chronological order: the writer tells what happen first, second, third and so on to the and of the paragraph.

The author can combined both and more time orders to make paragraph more interesting.

A cause is smth that make smth happen.

The effect is a thing that happens as a result of a case.

WHY

WHAT

In the other words, an effect is the result or outcome of some cause.

Cause and effects clues:

~ as a result. ~ if

~ as soon as. ~ produce

~ because. ~ reason

~ couse ~ result

~ consequently. ~ result from

~ deppend. ~ soon

~ effect. ~ therefore

~ for that reason. ~ when

Chronological clues:

~ first ~ after that

~ starting. ~lasr

~ then. ~ finally

~ next