APPROACHES

CURRICULUM

Several curriculum approaches reflect the developers' view of reaity, philosofy, history, psychology, social issues and the domain of knowledge.

APPROACHES

Technical-Scientific Approaches

Reflect the traditional view on education and formal methods of schooling. Uses instruments and empirical methods in preparing blueprints.

System-Managerial Approach

Behavioral-Rational Approach

Intellectual-Academic Approach

Oldest and still the most preferred approach

It is logical and prescriptive

Consider the interconnected elements of inputs, through inputs and output that comprise the educational system.

Emphasizes the managerial/leadership and supervisory aspects of curriculum especially in the implementation and organization process

A cyclic process.

Emphasis on the importance of theories and principles in curriculum planning.

Because the cognitive demand of the approach, it overwhelms many begginer students who usually lack sufficient philosophical and theoretical insights on the subject.

Non-Technical/Non-Scientific Approaches

Reconceptualist Approach

Humanistic-Aesthetic Approach

Reconstructionism

Promotes the liberation of learners from authoritarian teachers.

Encoursage group learning activities which promote cooperation rather than individual competition.

Emphasis on how to learn, not on what to learn

Emphasizes learning experiences that develop personal self-expression.

Reflects on the existentialist orientation.

Considers the school as an agent of change, an institution of social reform.

Emphasizes cultural pluralism and internationalism which are beyond individual concerns.