The Endocrine System- glands

The Endocrine System- glands

1. Pituitary, master gland

   • Luteinising hormone
   • Follicle stimulating hormone
   • Growth hormone
     • Cause body cells to absorb amino acids and form protein- results in growth especially elongation of bones

2. Hypothalamus

   • Secretes hormones that control the pituitary gland in response to messages from the brain and other hormones
     • Anti diuretic hormone
       • Causes water to be reabsorbed in the kidneys

3. Pineal

   • Melatonin
     • Produced when we are asleep
       • Involved in biological rhythms such as ovulation, sleep and activity patterns

4. Thyroid

   • Trachea
     • Thyroxine (tyrosine+iodine)
       • Controls metabolism

5. Parathyroid(4 glands)

   • Parathormone
     • Stimulates the release of calcium from bones into blood plasma

6. Thymus

   • Behind the breast bone and in the upper chest
     • Thymosin
       • Causes lymphocytes to mature and become active
   • Degenerate around puberty

7. Adrenals

   • Kidneys
     • Adrenaline
       • Helps the body cope with stress- 'fright/fight/flight' hormone

8. Pancreas

   • Both exocrine and endocrine gland
     • Exocrine Bulk of the pancreas produce enzymes that flow to the duodenum through ducts
     • Islets of langerhans
       • Insulin
         • Causes cells, muscle and fat cells, to absorb glucose from the blood

9. Ovaries and testes