GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

1. Cocci

   • Streptococci in Chine Catalase (-)
     • γ-heamolytic lancefield grouping
       • Enterococci
         • Group (D)
           • faecalis
             • UTI Bacteremia Bacterial endocarditis
           • faecium
           • bovis
             • Bacteraemia with or without Endocarditis
     • β-heamolytic lancefield grouping
       • Bacitracin Test
         • sensitive
           • Group (A) pyrogenes sensitive to penicillin
             • non invasive infection
               • Pharyngitis Impetigo
             • invasive infection
               • Erysipeals, Necrotizing fasciitis ,Scarlet fever, Puerperal sepsis
             • Post infection
               • Rheumatic fever Glomerulonephritits
         • Resistant
           • Group (B) agalactiae
             • present the vagina, cause invasive disease in new born
               • Early onset
                 • Neonatal septicemia
               • Late onset
                 • Meningitis
     • α-heamolytic lancefield grouping
       • non Groupable
         • Optochin Test
           • sensitive
             • pneumoniae
               • IPD: Meningitis, bacteremia ,NIPD: Pneumonia Sinusitis,otitis
           • Resistant
             • Viridans
               • Dental caries subacute Endocarditis they produce biofilm
   • Staphylococci in clusters , catalase (+)
     • coagulase (+)
       • S.aureus
         • Penicillin,Vancomycin for MSSA ,Linezolid for MRSA
         • Toxin relates disease: SSSS by exofoliatin, TSS by TSST-1 ,Food poisoning
         • Impetigo, Conjunctivitis Osteomyelitis, Endocarditis Pneumonia Meningitis
     • coagulase (-)
       • S.epidirmidis
         • normal flora on the skin , opportunistic pathogen
         • Cathetre UTI produce Biofilm and endocarditis
       • S.saprophyticus
         • 2nd cause of Acute UTI produce slimelayer
         • present in the GIT

2. Bacilli

   • Spore forming
     • Anaerobic
       • Clostridium
         • Perfringens
           • Gas gangrene,Food poisoning
         • Difficile
           • Antibiotic associated diarrhea = Pseudomembranous colitis
         • Tetani
           • spores Drum stick appearance toxin prevent release of inhibitory NT leading to lockjaw syndrome
           • Tetanus cloud be Generalized Neonatal Local Cephalic
         • Botulinum
           • Toxin bind to presynaptic nerve and block Ach release
           • Botulism in Adult can food Infant Honey Wound
     • Aerobic
       • Bacillus
         • anthracis
           • non- motile
             • Anthrax Cutanoues Anthrax Intestinal Anthrax(Butchers) Pneumonic Anthrax (Woolsorters)
         • cereus
           • Food poisoning Emetic (rice) Diarrheal(Meat) self limiting
   • Non spore forming
     • Corynebacterium
       • diphtheriae
         • Diphtheria
       • Xerosis
     • Listeria monocytogenes
       • Meningitis and neonatalmeningitis Sepsis

3. Aljazzy Alsaffi