Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus

1. How did Islam expand?

   • The expansion of Islam
     • 632 Arabian peninsula had convert to Islam
     • 7 century muslims conquered Syria, Egypt and part of the Persian empire
     • 8 century can't conquered Constantinople twice and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula and attacked the Frankish in Potiers
     • 9 century expand toward Nubia and invaded Italy
   • The organisation of the caliphate
     • The first four caliphs
       • Shia believed the caliph should be a direct descendent of Muhammed
       • Sunnis
   • Cultural and economic splendour

2. Tema 1

   • The emerged of Islam
     • Arabia, Muhammad land
       • Inhabitants live in traveling groups
         • Mecca, the birthplace of Muhammed was a large city
           • The people of Arabian were polytheist
             • Mecca was an important religious centre
     • Muhammed the prophet
       • Muhammed was born in 570
         • Muhammed married with a rich widow and had 7 children
           • The angel Gabriel appeared to him and announce that he was the new prophet
             • The authorities persecuted him because of his ideas
               • Muhammed fled to the city of Medina "Hijra"(marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar)
                 • Many Arabian tribes convert to Islam
                   • Muhammed died in 632
     • What is Islam?
       • Koran
         • 114 Chapters called surahs
           • Immense are Islamic leaders who lead worship and ulamas are scholars who interpret the islam
             • Allows poligamy
               • defines the authorities of the father
                 • prohibes eating pork and gambling
                   • All muslims should sprain their faiths

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