DEFINING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

DEFINING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

1. This is composed of two words that mean: competence to communicate

   • «competence to communicate»
     • There are three types of knowledge:
       • knowledge of underlying grammatical principles
       • knowledge of how to use language in a social context in order to fulfill communicative functions
       • knowledge of how to combine utterances and communicative functions with respect to discourse principles
   • Authors
     • Hymes (1972) defined communicative competence not only as an inherent grammatical competence but also as the ability to use grammatical competence in a variety of communicative situations, thus bringing the sociolinguistic perspective into Chomsky’s linguistic view of competence.
     • Canale and Swain (1980) and Canale (1983) understood communicative competence as a synthesis of an the underlying system of knowledge and skill needed for communication.
       • refers to:
         • conscious knowledge
         • unconscious knowledge
     • Canale (1983), the skill requires a further distinction between underlying capacity and its manifestation in real communication, that is to say, in performance
   • Models
     • It is based on three models, which are:
       • the model of Canale and Swain
         • The unity of a text is enabled by cohesion in form and coherence in meaning
           • Cohesion is achieved by the use of cohesion devices
             • fields of knowledge and skills:
               • grammatical
               • sociolinguistic
               • strategic competence
             • pronoun
             • conjunctions
             • synonyms
             • parallel structures
       • the model of Bachman and Palmer
         • it´s comprised of two broad areas
           • language knowledge
             • comple
           • strategic competence
             • which complements each other
               • Language knowledge consists of two main components - organizational knowledge and pragmatic knowledge
                 • it works through
                   • vocabulary
                   • morphology
                   • syntax
                   • phonology
                   • graphology
       • the description of components of communicative language competence in the Common European Framework
         • which is intended for assessment as well as for learning and teaching of languages
           • It includes three basic components
             • language competence
               • refers to knowledge of and ability to use language resources to form well structured messages
                 • subcomponents
                   • lexical
                   • grammatical
                   • semantic
                   • phonological
                   • orthographic
                   • orthoepic
             • sociolinguistic competence
               • refers to possession of knowledge and skills for appropriate language use in a social context
                 • subcomponents
                   • social relationships
                   • rules of appropriate behavior
                   • language elements
                   • expressions of peoples’ wisdom
             • pragmatic competence
               • involves two subcomponents:
                 • discourse competence
                 • functional competence