cyber sicurity

cyber sicurity

1. key terms

   • threat
     • A threat is an incident or an action which is deliberate or unintended that results in disruption, down time or data loss. Internal Threat = caused by an incident inside an organisation External Threat = caused outside the organisation
   • attack
     • An attack is a deliberate action, targeting an organisation’s digital system or data.
   • unortharised accsess
     • This refers to someone gaining entry without permission to an organisation’s system, software or data. This achieved by exploiting a security vulnerability

2. refers to the range of measures that can be taken to protect computer systems, networks and data from unauthorised access or cyberattack.

3. hackers

   • s someone who seeks out and exploits these vulnerabilities.
   • black hat hacker
     • is someone who tries to inflict damage by compromising security systems
   • is someone who does it for fun and not with malicious intent
   • white hat hacker
     • is someone who works with organizations to strengthen the security of a system
   • gray hat hacker
   • malware
     • trojon horse
       • Users are tricked into downloading it to their computer. Once installed the Trojan works undercover to carry out a predetermined task.
     • rootkik
       • Designed to remotely access and control a computer system without being detected by security software or the user.
     • ransomware
       • Encrypts files stored on a computer to extort/demand or steal money from organisations.
     • spyware
       • s secretly installed to collect information from someone else's computer
     • keyloggers
       • pyware that records every keystroke made on a computer to steal personal information
     • adware
       • Automatically shows adverts such as popups. Most adware is harmless but some contain spyware such as keyloggers

4. malaweare

   • virua
     • A piece of malicious code that attaches to a legitimate program. It is capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer
   • worm
     • Worms get around by exploiting vulnerabilities in operating systems and attaching themselves to emails. They self replicate at a tremendous rate, using up hard drive space and bandwidth, overloading servers.