Metaphysics

Metaphysics

1. Ontology

   • The word ontology "study of being" is compound by the greek ὄντος, ontos, "being" or "that which is"; and -logia -λογία, "logical discourse".
     • It refers to the subject of existence. It is also often confused with epistemology, which is about knowledge and knowing.
       • It could also be defined the branch of metaphysics concerned with the nature and relations of being, is the science of what is, of the kinds and structures of objects.

2. Teleology

   • Its etymological meaning is "study of final causes," from Greek teleos "entire, perfect, complete, end" and -logia "reason".
     • It is the study of evidence of design in nature, supporting that ends are immanent and explaining phenomena by final causes.
       • Is the doctrine of final causes, particularly the argument for the being and character of God from the being and character of His works, that the end reveals His purpose from the beginning, the end being regarded as the thought of God at the beginning, or the universe viewed as the realisation of Him and His eternal purpose.

3. Cosmology

   • From the Modern Latin Cosmologia, and from Greek kosmos "_the universe, the world" and -logia "discourse".
     • It is also described as the study of the physical universe. It deals with the physical situation that is the context in the large for human existence. This means that although it is a physical science, it is of particular importance in terms of its implications for human life.
       • It is suported by:
         • The uniqueness of the Universe: there exists only one universe, so there is nothing else similar to compare it with, and the idea of “Laws of the universe” hardly makes sense.
         • Cosmology deals with the physical situation that is the context in the large for human existence: the universe has such a nature that our life is possible.