Quantitative research issues

Quantitative research issues

1. The only issue that we can find in qualitative Research is in researchers´practices that with the research perspective itself.

2. Key benefits of quantitative research

   • Research design
   • concern for validity and reliability
   • the careful constructions of research instruments.
   • the rigor and technical accuracy

3. certain areas in whcih problems might arise.

   • clarity: imprecise information, becuase the procedures and methodic procedures show inconsistent data.
   • proper design: the design should be based on the correct varaibles, if not one little number of data might desconnect the research question.
   • problem-question; if the research question and problem are not well identify the data obtained from the abject of study can disconnected to them. it is necessary to find the best ata techniques to be applied in our research.
   • interpretation and analysis:
   • Researcher problem relation; researchers ussually base their studies on previous ones, pupular wisdom, personal experience, etc.
   • Varaibles definition: the lack type p techincal procedures base oin strong research theoretical processes might produce misconcepion of what types can be measusre or not.
   • Validity and reliability: external factors make keeping results constant a problematic procedures since the method might difficult to interpret. validity can turn out to be even more problematic because measures should show real measurement of what is acually being measured, if our proviuous researhc information differ form our measure outocome under similar ciscumstances, the method should be analyzed carefully.

4. Numbers

   • its is any sign or symbol ussed to design quantities, values, or entities that behaves as quantities.
   • Simiotics: is the study of symbols and signs and their interpretation or use.
     • Semiotics investigates how meaning is created and communicated. it is rigins in the academic study of how signs and symbols create meanings.
     • we are all semioticians; we are constantly unconsciously interepreting the meaning of signs that surround us.
     • in realtion to mathematics signs relate to the symbolism afforderd to numbers and different types of numbers. like letters, numbers act as a kind of semiotic code.
   • classification:
     • in the research, the measurement scales are defined by the mathematical operation, it is manipulable.
       • Nominal, categorical, interval, and ratio scales are distinguished. in any investigation, of patient or group of these, what we d is take measurement. that help to understand, evaluate and differentiate the characteristics of people.
         • variables are measure; weight, age, blood presure. and the data are the values that a variable takes.
           • data type and measurement scales are important for implicit precision, becuase they determine which analysis, methods are valid and sound.
     • Whole numbers; they are the counting numbers and include 0: 4, 695, 0,45
     • Rational numbers; expressed as 2 integer´s fractions: 44, -15/52
     • Integers: theya re include numbers and theior opposite and can be negative: 12,0; -9; -801
     • iRRATIONAL NUMBERS: THEY Cannot be expressed as a fraction or by 2 integers.
   • numbers in research
     • nominal: do not count or measure, they just name or label things.
     • Ordinal; they are used to show rank order
     • Continuos numbers are used to count and measure. they are continuous because they can be measure at any point on a continuouos scale.
   • Type of data
     • • blood presure, time. weight, chemicla element.
     • discrete; those that can only have a finite number of values ion their range of measurement.
     • Converting nominal into continuous numbers; for example; the type of grading used in UK : A-, A, A+; B+... EACH of these grading letters represent percentages ion which fraction is a part of a whole.
   • level of provability in numbers
     • probability is part of data analysis in quantitative research. it represents the measure, the probability of event A is the number of ways event A can occur dived by the total number of possible outcomes.