Data Exchange Methods/Systems

Data Exchange Methods/Systems

1. Data Interface

   • How is JSON and XML presented?
     • Tables
       • Row
         • Represents a specific data
       • Column
         • Represents the name or ID of data
       • Cell
         • Represents data for ID of object
       • Headings
         • Indicates the name or ID of data
     • Sample
   • SQL
     • Stores data in databases and tables
   • HTML
     • Used to output data in a raw or programmatically transformed format
     • Features
       • <!DOCTYPE html>
         • declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
       • <p>
         • element defines a paragraph
       • <title>
         • element specifies a title for the HTML page
       • Tables
         • HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns.
         • <tr>
           • Defines a row in a table
         • <th>
           • Defines a header cell in a table
         • <td>
           • Defines the specific cell with the data in a table
       • Images
         • <img>
           • The HTML <img> tag is used to embed an image in a web page
   • CSS
     • Used to style the aesthetics of the displayed data

2. Data Structures

   • JSON Structure
     • name-value pairs
       • "lastName":"Doe"
       • separated by commas
     • Curly Brackets {}
       • Used to hold objects
     • Square Brackets []
       • Used to contain arrays
   • XML Structure
     • starting and closing tags
       • <name> </name>
     • tags are case sensitive
     • elements must be nested properly nested
     • documents must contain a root element

3. Data Specifications

   • Different Data in JSON
     • Data Types
       • null
       • object
       • integer
       • float
       • boolean
     • Contraints/Validation
       • Data Length
         • Limited by 16776192 Bytes
       • errors in format/syntax do not affect file
       • "status": 200,
         • Successful API retrieval
   • Different Data used in XML
     • Data Types
       • string
       • token
       • date
       • float
       • integer
       • boolean
     • Constraints/Validation
       • Errors in syntax will break XML file
       • No file limit

4. Methods of Data Exchange

   • Network Protocols
     • TCP
       • establish and maintain network conversations
     • UDP
       • quick data transfer
     • HTTP
       • Data transfer between network devices
     • HTTPS
       • improved/secure version of HTTP
     • FTP
       • transfer files
     • SMTP
       • used for emails
     • DNS
       • domain name to IP address
     • IP
       • numerical value assigned as an address for communication
     • VPN
       • creates secure connection between computer and network
   • REST Principles
     • Representational State Transfer (REST) is a building style used to create scalable websites through HTTP methods. It is effective to use since it allows systems to communicate between each other with ease (TechTarget, 2023).
   • SOAP
     • SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a message protocol that enables the distributed elements of an application to communicate (IBM, 2024)
   • GraphQL
     • Query language for APIs
     • Runtime for fulfilling queries with existing data
     • Provides description of the data in API
   • JSON
     • JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is lightweight text-based file format used to store and transport data, generally from a server to a webpage (W3Schools, n.d.).
       • Positive
         • JSON is faster to read, write and understand
         • Has a more compact and efficient structure
         • JSON is language independent and text-only
         • Easy to convert JSON data to JavaScript
       • Negative
         • JSON has limited data types
         • Less flexible and expressive due to the complex data structure
         • JSON files do not support code comments
   • XML
     • XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a software/hardware independent markup language and file format used for the storing and transportation of data (W3Schools, n.d.).
       • Positive
         • Contains a HTML-like structure with tags
         • 100% compatible with JavaScript
         • Many languages support XML
         • XML is extendable
       • Negative
         • Listing of affects code efficiency and increases time required.
         • XML elements are required to be nested properly
         • XML is not compact or optimised for speed

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