Science Mind Map: Mechanical Systems

Science Mind Map: Mechanical Systems

1. 1st Class Lever

   • The fulcrum is between the input and output force, output force is always opposite of input force
     • Input force is the force applied to a machine
     • Output force is the force that the machine applies
   • Examples are See-Saws or plyers that remove lids from cans

2. 2nd Class Lever

   • The input and output forces are in same direction but the output force is between the fulcrum and input force
     • A fulcrum is the point on the lever that supports it
       • A lever is a rigid bar that is supported at one point
   • Example is a bottle opener

3. 3rd Class Lever

   • Input and output forces are in same direction but the input force is between the fulcrum and output force
   • Examples are swinging a baseball bat or a rake

4. Force

   • Force is a push or pull that acts on an object
   • Two types of force which are Contact forces and Action-at-a-distance force
     • Action-at-a-distance forces can push or pull an object without touching it, most common is gravity
       • Gravity is the attraction between two objects due to their mass

5. Machines

   • Machines are any mechanical system that reduces the amount of force required to accomplish work
     • Two types of machines: Complex and Simple
       • Complex Machines are machines that are made up of more than two or more machines
         • Examples are bicycles and scissors
       • Simple machines are any of the basic mechanical devices that apply forces
         • Examples are pulleys, which conveys more distance in a short time or wheel and axles, which reduce force by moving heavier objects faster and quickly
     • Work is the amount of effort spent when a force causes an object to move a distance
       • Energy is defines as the ability to do work
         • Types of energy is kinetic energy and potential energy
           • Kinetic energy is when an object moves
           • Potential energy is energy stored in an object