Electrostatics

Electrostatics

1. ELECTROSTATIC

   • Science that treats charges at rest. There are two types of charges.
     • Positive charges
       • A positive charge is the one that has a deficiency of electrons.
     • Negative Charges
       • A negative charge it is said to have an excess of electrons.
     • Electrostatic laws
       • First law of electrostatics states that like charges repel, and unlike charges atract.
         • Coulumb's law states that the force of attraction of repulsion between charges is directly proportional to the product of them and inversely proportional to it's separtion.

2. ELECTRIC FIELD

   • Property of space in which a a material object experience a force.
     • En electric field magnitude is determined by the force a unit will experience in a given location.
     • An electric field exists in a region where an electric charge will experience an electric force.
     • The magnitude of an E-field at a point in space is defined as the force per unit charge
     • Electric field lines are imaginary lines drawn in a way that their direction at any point is the direction of the field at the same point.
     • ELECTRIC FIELD LAWS
       • The resultant field intensity at any point is the vector sum of the contributions from each charge.
         • Gauss's law states that the net number of an electric field crossing any closed surface in an outward direction is numerically equal to the net total charge within that surface.

3. ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

   • Potential energy increases as a positive charge is moved against the electric field and it decreases as a negative charge is moved against the e-field
   • The unit used for electric potential is the Joule per coulomb which is renamed, The Volt.
   • The potential at a point in the vicinity of a number of charges is equal to the algebraic sum of of the potentials due to it's charge.
   • The potential difference between 2 points A and B is the difference in the potential at those points.
   • The potential difference between two oppositely charged plates is equal to the product of the field intensity and the plates separation.
   • The work done by an electric field in moving a charge q form a point a to b can be named Work and Potential Difference.

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