Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Orofacial Pain
- "An unpleasent sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage"
- Pain is Multi dimensional
- Feel location
- Feel intensity
- Feel type
- If Pt feels it, it's real!
- Clinical terms
- Analgesia
- Absence of pain in responce to stimuli, when it should hurt
- Lack of pain
- Hyperalgesia
- Exacerpated pain produced by stimuli, when pain should be mild
- Allodynia
- Painful on stimulation when it shouldn't
- Sedation
- Reduction in irritabilty/aggitation
- Anaethesia
- Lack of feeling
- Analgesia
- Amnesia
- Immobilisation
- Acute Pain
- <30 days
- Cronic Pain
- > 6 months
- Or, Pain that lasts longer than the expected period of healing
- Subacute Pain
- 30 days-6 months
- Acute Nociceptive
- Nocicoreceptors
- are pain receptors
- Pain is localised, constant, aching, throbing
- Treat with painkillers
- Cronic Neuropathic Pain
- 1 in 10 of pupulation
- Treat with antidepresents
- Pain Transduction
- Primary afferent Axons
- C fibres
- Unmylenited
- Pain, temerature and itch related
- Mylenated
- A-Alpha
- Fastest/Thickest
- Proprioceptive (muscle sense)
- A-Beta
- Touch related
- A-Delta
- Pain and temerature related
- Noxious/Nocioreceptors
- Propagation of Pain
- Specificity
- From stimuli, along one pathway to brain
- Pattern Thoery
- Any sensory receptor, over time/area. Touch,pressure, vibration could over stimulate the small pain fibres, hense rubbing the site
- Gate controled Theory?
- Stimuli of T-cells?T-cells 'Gate of pain'?
- Dimensions
- Cognitive reasoning/pscological aspect
- Thoery today
- still not sure, Specificity and Dimensions still hold strong
- Theories on pain
- Sensitisation
- Progressivly amplified stimulus will start warm, the pain
- Peripheral sensation
- First stimulus, activates high threshold receptors that lead to pain
- After tissue damage, nerve endings are in a 'soup' of stimulating chemicals, which then lower threshold and cause pain
- Central Sensitisation
- Stimulation from surrounding areas (of injury) excite the spinal cord, resulting in pain. Analgesics after surgery will help this.
- Stimulus evoke pain
- Mechanical Stimuli
- Pressure (pain threshold)
- Thermal Stimuli
- C-Fibres
- Hot 42oC
- Cold will hurt after while
- Chemical stimuli
- Chemicals in cooking
- Stimulate Noxious
- Results in pain
- Electrical stimuli
- Pain varies with intesity
- Clinical presentations of pain
- Transient orofacial pain
- richly innervated
- Can have pain easily
- Pain from tissue injury
- Peridontitis
- Tooth pulp etc
- Nervous system pain
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Idiopathic Pain
- TMJ/Muscle/aches
- Migraines