Saliva

Saliva

Fluid found in mouth called 'Whole Saliva' Accounts for 90%, secreted from salivary glands
Submadibular glands
1. Secrete in floor of mouth at rest
  1. Secretes 2/3 of saliva. Provide a mix of saliva, mostly mucus
2. Submandibular fossa
Parotid Glands
1. Secrete upper 6's, 50% when stimulated
  1. Purely Serous Saliva
2. In front of Ramus
Sub lingual glands
1. Small amount of saliva produced
2. Floor of mouth under tongue
Minor Salivary glands
1. All over Mucosa
2. 1-2mm in diameter
  1. Not encapsulated by connective tissue
    1. May have own duct or share with neighbour
3. Mainly mucus secreting except 'Von Ebners Gland'
  1. Von Ebners glands found Circumvallate papila on tounge, Break down lipids, serous fluid. Responsible for taste
4. Many functions, coating oral mucus etc.
Hypotonic, 99% water 1% salts
1. Produces 0.5-1.5 L a day
  1. Parotid, when stimulated can produce 5 fold.
Hyposalivation-xerostomia
1. Sjogrens syndrome, autoimmune
Hypersalivation-Ptyalism
1. Neuromuscular disease
80% made in Acinar Cells (Priamry Saliva)
1. Serous Cells produce a thin watery saliva, contains Amylase
  1. Mucous Cells produce thick Saliva rich in Mucins
Composition
1. Contains electrolites, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarbonate ions
  1. Sodium and Chloride get absorbed in ducts
    1. Potassium and bicarbonate ions are secreted
2. Stimulation increases Bicarbonate ions, which lowers pH slightly
3. Fluoride
4. Thiocyanate
  1. antibacterial
5. Lead, Copper
6. Iodine
  1. Antioxidant, may help salivary gland diseases
Functions of Saliva
1. Mucins
  1. Lubricate food, protect teeth, antibacterial, lower pH
2. Digestive Enzymes
  1. Amylase (starch), Protase (Proteins) and Lipase (fats)
3. Secretory IgA
  1. Antibody, helps with fungal,antiviral.
4. Bicarbonate and phosphate ions
  1. Help buffering pH
5. Calcium and phosphate
  1. Helps mineralise

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	Created by Caroline Oxford almost 11 years ago