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Covalent Bonding
- 'the attraction of two nuclei for a pair of shared electrons'
- Sigma bonds are when 2 S orbitals overlap
- This gives the highest
possible electron density
between the two nuclei
- This gives the highest
possible electron density
between the two nuclei
- Pi bonds are when the P orbitals overlap -
1 above and 1 below the molecular axis
- Less tightly bound than the sigma
bond - weaker so molecules with pi
bond are more reactive
- Less tightly bound than the sigma
bond - weaker so molecules with pi
bond are more reactive
- Dative covalent bonding
- Both electrons come from one atom
- Both electrons come from one atom
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