Anna’s out of breath

Anna’s out of breath

1. she was diagnosed with

   • Asthma
     • Risk Factors
     • Signs & Symptoms
     • Types
       • Allergic
       • Non-Allergic
       • Non-Allergic
       • Exercise-induced
       • Cough-induced
       • Work-related
     • Triggers
       • Infections
       • Irritants: Smoke & fume
       • Cold air
       • Stress
       • Dust
       • Exercises
       • Pollen
       • Animal dander
       • Food
     • Prognosis
       • The life expectancy of people with controlled asthma is similar to that for the general population.
     • Pathogenesis
     • Treatment
       • Bronchodilators
         • β-2 agonist
         • Anticholinergic
         • Methylxanthines
       • Anti-inflammatory
         • Corticosteroids
         • Chromones
         • Leukotrienes receptor antagonists
         • Omalizumab

2. her mother was diagnosed with

   • COPD
     • Diagnosis
       • Lung Function test
       • CT scan
       • Chest X ray
     • Prognosis
       • Severe COPD is associated with high mortality
       • 1/2 of patients with an FEV1 that is about 40% of predicted will survive 5 years
       • bronchiectasis is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with moderate to severe COPD

3. Respiratory Physiology

   • respiration
   • Lung Volumes and Capacities

4. she is Smoker

   • Smoking and asthma
     • Makes asthma worse over long term
     • Causes an attack on short term
     • 82% of asthma patients say smoke irritates them
     • Asthma patients who smoke require more treatment, more medicine, and a stronger management plan
   • Smoking and COPD
     • Smoking is the leading cause of COPD
     • Smoking causes the centriacinar type of emphysema
     • Smoking cause Chronic bronchitis which causes productive cough
     • smoking Irritants will cause hypertrophy of mucus glands
     • irritants will cause inflammation and infiltration of CD8+ lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils

5. Anna 16 yrs, Life guard Recent smoker, Wheezing Dyspnea Coughing

6. Sylvia 45 yrs Life guard Chronic smoker, Shortness of breath Coughing up yellow phlegm Wheezing

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