Celiac disease

Celiac disease

1. Anatomy

   • Duodenum
   • Jejunum
   • Ileum

2. Definition

   • Immune mediated damage of small bowel villi due to gluten exposure

3. Causes

   • Inappropriate T cell and IgA mediated response against gluten in genetically predisposed persons
     • Gliadin is deaminated which is then grabbed by APC’s and are presented via MHC II to Th cells which mediate tissue damage

4. Signs and symptoms

   • Steatorrhea
     • Weight loss
       • Failure to thrive
       • Vitamin deficiency
     • Pallor (anemia)

5. Investigations

   • Endoscopy
   • Genetic testing
   • Histology

6. Pathology

7. Management

   • Gluten-free diet

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