Yellow eyes

Yellow eyes

1. Anatomy of the liver

   • Surfaces
     • Diaphragmatic
     • Visceral
   • Ligaments
     • Falciform
       • Antero-posterior peritoneal fold
     • Coronary ligaments
       • Hold the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm
     • Triangular ligaments
       • connects the posterior part of the upper surface of the left lobe of the liver to the diaphragm
   • Hepatic recesses
     • Subphrenic space
       • Subhepatic space
         • Morison’s pouch

2. Physiology of the liver

   • Metabolism and homeostasis
     • Bile
       • Storage site
         • Detoxification
           • Blood reservoir
           • Drugs
             • Ammonia
               • Conjugatind bilirubin
         • Vitamin A (10 month)
           • vitamin D (3-4 month)
             • vitamin B12 (1 year)
               • Iron as ferritin
       • Fat emulsification
         • Cholesterol and bilirubin excretion

3. Biochemistry

   • Heme synthesis and degradation (picture)

4. Jaundice

   • Types
     • Pre-hepatic
       • Hemolysis or ineffective erythropoiesis
     • Hepatic
       • Cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma
     • Post-hepatic (obstructive)
       • Cholangiocarcinoma, carcinoma of the head of the pancreas
   • Physical examination
     • Eyes,Skin
       • Urine,Stools
         • Scratch marks
           • Enlarged gall bladder
             • Vitamine deficiency

5. Causes of loss of appetite

   • Causes of nausea
     • Hepatomegaly differential diagnosis
       • Viral hepatitis
         • Liver cancer or metastasis
           • Damage from toxins
       • Hepatitis
         • Viral
           • Hepatitis B
             • Blood transfusions and needle sticks
               • Hep C
             • Uncooked seafood
             • Sexual contact and needle sticks
           • Hepatitis A and E
             • Contaminated water and food
         • Non-viral
           • Bacterial
             • Autoimmune
               • Parasitic & helminthic
                 • Alcoholic
         • Treatment
           • Vaccine
             • Drugs
               • Interferon Alfa
               • Lamivudine
               • Adefovir
               • Entecavir
             • Recombivax-HER or Engerix-BR
         • Signs and symptoms (picture)
     • Food poisoning
       • Medications
         • Disequilibrium
   • Bacteria and viruses
     • Cancer
       • Pregnancy

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