A hot summer’s night

A hot summer’s night

1. Kidney

   • Functions of kidney
     • Regulation of extracellular fluid volume.
       • Regulation of osmolarity.
         • Regulation of osmolarity.
           • Excretion of wastes and toxins.
             • Production of hormones.
   • Autoregulation
     • Myogenic hypothesis
       • Increased renal arterial pressure
         • stretch the walls of the afferent arterioles
           • increased resistance
     • Tubuloglomerular feedback
       • Increased renal arterial pressure
         • RBF and GFR increase
           • increased delivery of solute and water to the macula densa
             • secret vasoactive substance that constricts afferent arterioles
               • reduces RBF and GFR back to normal

2. Spleen

   • Function
   • Blunt splenic trauma
   • Complications of splenectomy
     • Lung collapse
       • pancreatitis
         • Hernia
           • infections
             • Vaccination

3. urine output

4. First AID

5. Shock

6. ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS

   • Ischemic
   • Nephrotoxic

7. Kidney function tests

   • Blood tests
     • Serum creatinine
       • GFR
         • BUN
   • Urine tests
     • Urinalysis
       • Creatinine clearance
   • Imaging tests
     • Ultrasound
       • CT scan

8. Criteria for diagnosis

9. Managment

   • Medical treatment with Sodium Bicarbonate
   • fluid resuscitation
   • HEMODIALYSIS

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